差速器螺栓失效行为研究

目的研究车辆差速器螺栓失效原因。方法在化学成分、非金属夹杂物、力学性能、金相组织、断口形貌等检测分析的基础上,研究车辆差速器螺栓的失效行为,推断失效原因。结果差速器螺栓化学成分、氢含量、心部硬度及金相组织、材料抗拉强度及屈服强度等均未见明显异常,断口有明显的疲劳断裂特征,螺纹表层存在脱碳现象,脱碳层深度约为0.07 mm。裂纹起始于螺纹根部,裂纹两侧无脱碳现象,螺纹表面及裂纹内部均未见腐蚀产物。结论由于表面脱碳使得差速器螺栓表面硬度及疲劳强度降低,而螺纹根部存在的应力集中使早期裂纹在螺纹根部产生,并在交变载荷作用下进一步扩展,进而最终导致疲劳断裂。     

李家河水库上游水体溶解性有机物组分与来源

以李家河水库上游水体为研究对象,运用三维荧光光谱法解析水体溶解性有机物（DOM）的来源和特性,并探讨了DOM组分干湿季变化特征及影响因素.结果表明,李家河水库上游水体DOM由3个荧光组分组成,分别为类络氨酸（220nm,270nm/300nm）、UVA类腐殖质（250nm/430nm）和类色氨酸（225nm,280nm/335nm）,其中类络氨酸为主要组分,但其含量干湿季变化不大,而UVA类腐殖质和类色氨酸含量呈现出显著的季节差异.荧光特征指数表明,李家河水库上游水体DOM的来源具有显著的陆源特征,其特征在湿季更加显著.水体DOM各荧光组分在干湿季均与TP呈正相关;在湿季,类络氨酸组分与Chl-a、浊度和COD_Mn呈正相关,而在干季无相关性.UVA类腐殖质与DOC在干湿季均存在正相关关系,且在湿季相关性（P<0.01）大于干季（P<0.05）.类色氨酸与COD_Mn相关性也表现出湿季（P<0.01）大于干季（P<0.05）的特征.     

NO3-对二级出水DOM与Cu2+络合作用的光谱特性影响

利用三维荧光光谱法和紫外分光光度法,研究NO₃^-对二级出水DOM与Cu²⁺络合作用的光谱特性和络合能力的影响.随投加NO₃^-浓度增加,二级出水DOM与Cu²⁺络合作用后代表类蛋白质（类色氨酸）物质荧光峰消失,紫外吸收峰右侧红移.投加NO₃^-浓度与二级出水DOM和Cu²⁺络合作用后的HIX、α₃₀₀、α₂₅₀/α₃₆₅、E₃/E₄和UV₂₅₃/UV₂₀₃值呈显著正相关,与BIX显著负相关（r为-0.958~-0.719）,与S_240-400和S_275-295值分别呈指数增加和指数减少关系（R²分别为0.9678~0.9952和0.9965~0.9978）,对FI、α₃₅₀、α₃₅₅和S_350-400值影响较小.二级出水DOM中的紫外光类腐殖质、可见光类腐殖质和高激发波长类色氨酸物质与Cu²⁺作用后的条件稳定常数lgK分别为2.08~2.46,1.84~2.51,2.27~2.57L/mmol,配位荧光官能团比例分别为19.5%~36.5%、22.5%~33.3%和24.4%~29.2%.二级出水DOM中类腐殖质和类蛋白质与Cu²⁺的络合反应强度相差不大,且样品中NO₃^-浓度不同时,用部分荧光参数（HIX）和紫外参数（α₃₀₀、α₂₅₀/α₃₆₅、E₃/E₄、S_240-400和S_275-295）表示DOM的含量、分子性质存在一定的不确定性.     

Study of Aging Characteristics of Ternary Blends of Polyethylenes—II

Six film samples of low-density polypropylene (LDPE)/linear LDPE (LLDPE)/high-density polypropylene (HDPE) with varying ratios of LDPE (20–45 ... wt%) and LLDPE (25–50 wt%) having a fixed amount of HDPE at 30 wt% were prepared by blown film extrusion technique. The samples were aged at four different temperatures, 55°, 70°, 85°, and 100°C, for four different time periods in the interval of between 150 hours and up to 600 hours. The change in the structure of various constituents and the formation of various oxygenated (peroxy and hydroperoxy) and unsaturated groups during thermo-oxidative degradation was discussed by infrared spectroscopy. The visiosity-average molecular weight was found to have decreased slowly in the initial aging hours and temperatures, whereas it decreased by 10% with its previous value tensile strength that is, 100°C when aged for 600 hours. The tensile strength of the sample first increased by 67% at 55°C and 89% at 70°C up to 450 hours, whereas the values increased by 52.5% at 85°C and 33.9% at 100°C when aged for 150 hours and then decreased. The percentage elongation at break increased by 2.7% at 55°C and 10.7% at 70°C for 150 and 300 hours of aging, respectively, whereas the percentage decreased when aged at 85°C and 100°C for up to 600 hours of aging. The values of gel content (percent) increased and initial degradation temperature decreased with aging time and temperature.     

历史洪水在洪水序列隐含周期分析中的应用

历史洪水调查是洪水序列的重要组成部分,对揭示洪水序列的周期,论证周期的稳定性和可靠性具有重要的作用.本文提出具有历史洪水调查的不连序序列三种周期分析模型,理论分析和实例计算结果表明,文中提出的模型是合理和可行的.     

崩滑流雷达遥感应用潜力分析

综述了我国崩滑流（崩塌、滑坡、泥石流）遥感的应用现状；着重分析了成像雷达遥感在崩滑流识别、监测、预警中具有的独特优势，特别是随着新型成像雷达遥感（极化、干涉雷达）的发展，基于干涉雷达发展的差分干涉测量技术能以一量级甚至更小尺度测量地表形变，在崩滑流研究中能提供定量的动态信息，为崩滑流遥感应用研究注入了新的活力，开辟了新的思路；并指出以雷达（ＳＡＲ）遥感信息为主的多源信息复合解译，能为崩滑流灾害的调查提供更为方便、准确、及时、动态的信息．     

浅析泥石流堆积物的光谱特征——以蒋家沟泥石流堆积物为例

运用 10 0 BXMTS野外光谱仪探测了小江支流蒋家沟新、老泥石流堆积物的光谱反射率 ,总结了新、老堆积物的反射光谱特性 ,分析了影响泥石流堆积物反射光谱特性的因素 (岩性、水分含量、植被覆盖 ) ,最后讨论了应用高空间分辨率遥感图像解译泥石流堆积物的可能性。     

Differential treatment within sports teams,leader–member (coach–player) exchange quality,team atmosphere,and team performance

Using the leader–member exchange (LMX) theory as a theoretical framework, the present study focused on the occurrence of differential treatment by leaders on social and task‐related issues within teams. It was investigated whether team members' perceptions of the frequency and degree of social and task‐related differential treatment by the leader were associated with their evaluation of team atmosphere and team performance, in addition to the effects of the quality of their own working relationship with the leader (LMX quality). The context of this study consisted of interdependent sports teams. The participants were 605 players belonging to 69 amateur sports teams playing various team sports such as soccer, hockey, and basketball. Social differential treatment was negatively associated with team atmosphere and unrelated to team performance. In addition, it was found that the two forms of task‐related differential treatment included in this study were unrelated to team atmosphere and were differently associated with team performance. The results are discussed with reference to the existing leadership literature. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

过氧化甲乙酮的热危险性研究

为研究过氧化甲乙酮(MEKPO)在运输与储存中的热危险性,利用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)对质量分数为52%的MEKPO溶液(以2,2,4-三甲基-1,3-戊二醇二异丁酸酯为溶剂)进行测试,得到其起始分解温度T0约为40℃,比放热量ΔH约为1.24 kJ/g。运用加速量热仪(ARC)对3种MEKPO溶液(40%,45%和52%)及MEKPO纯品(化学纯)在绝热条件下进行了热分解测试,并在此基础上,借助Semenov热爆炸模型,计算得到上述样品在50 kg包件下的自加速分解温度(TSADT)分别为65.64,63.72,55.88和51.17℃。研究结果表明,加入稀释稳定剂是降低MEKPO热危险性的有效途径,且MEKPO混合物中其质量分数越大,其危险性越高。     

偶氮二异丁腈热安全性分析与评估

为获得偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)在各种热应力条件下的危险参数,通过简化的压力容器试验测试AIBN的热分解激烈性等级,采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和绝热量热仪(ARC)对AIBN的热分解过程进行研究,用动力学与热稳定性分析软件AKTS计算动力学参数在整个反应进程中的变化情况,并根据ARC测试结果推算自加速分解温度(TSADT)。结果表明:AIBN的热分解激烈性为Ⅱ类,易呈现爆炸特性;其初始分解温度和TSADT很低,分别约为78℃和61℃,且分解放热过程和熔融吸热过程同时发生。因此,在AIBN的生产、使用、贮存和运输等过程中应加强温度监控,并根据实际情况采取降温措施。