Nafion交换剂富集-石墨炉原子吸收法测定废水中铬

本文用Nafion交换剂富集-石墨炉原子吸收法测定废水中的Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ),富集底液选用0.01mol NaAc-HAc缓冲液(pH=4.5),测定线性范围为5—100ng/ml,回收率在92—106％之间。对含Cr(Ⅲ)量为25ng/ml试样溶液进行十次平行测定,相对标准偏差为5.9％,特征浓度为2.4ng/ml Cr(Ⅲ),十多种共存离子不干扰测定。     

离子色谱／氢化物发生／原子吸收法测定天然淡水中的4种砷形态

首次用国产YSA－Ⅲ型阴离子交换树脂色谱柱,以离子色谱／氢化物发生／原子吸收联用方法,测定天然淡水中４种主要砷形态：亚砷酸盐,砷酸盐,甲基胂酸盐和二甲基胂酸盐。检出限依次为0.28,0.50,0.12和0.18ppbAs,较低于同类方法。实际水样2ngAs/mL加标回收率为93.0％～107.8％。给出几种淡水样中砷形态的分析结果。     

原子吸收光度法测定镉时铁的基体改进效应研究

用石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法测定环境废水中的痕量镉时,Mn、Cr、Ni、Cu、Co、Zn等共存元素干扰严重。用100mg／L的铁作为基体改进剂可消除上述共存元素的干扰,测定结果令人满意。     

Microtrace Metalloids Speciation in Lakes Water Samples (Poland)

This paper presents the results of the determination of arsenic, antimony and selenium concentrations of inorganic speciation in surface water samples from Gniezno city (western Poland) and its neighborhood. The concentration of elements were up to 1.85 ng/ml for arsenic, 1.61 ng/ml for antimony and 0.45 ng/ml for selenium (detection limits: 0.04 ng/ml for As and Sb and 0.03 ng/ml for Se). A variety of concentrations for the determined elements has been obtained in waters from Gniezno city’s neighborhood and in water from down-town reservoirs which are under strong anthropogenic pressure.     

The Status of Pesticide Residues in the Drinking Water Sources in Meiliangwan Bay, Taihu Lake of China

The study was carried out to assess the levels of pesticide residues in the water of Meiliangwan Bay, Taihu Lake of China. The most commonly employed organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) and herbicide atrazine were analyzed. The water samples were collected seasonally from Meiliangwan Bay within a period of one year. The pesticides were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) with μECD or NPD after solid-phase extraction (SPE), which was confirmed by GC with an ion trap mass spectrometry (MS). The mean concentrations were 1.98 ng/l for lindane, 0.378 ng/l for heptachlor epoxide, 0.367 ng/l for p,p′-DDE, 0.496 ng/l for p,p′-DDD, 1.06 ng/l for p,p′-DDT and 51.6 ng/l for dichlorvos, 39.0 ng/l for demeton, 346 ng/l for dimethoate, 4.12 ng/l for methyl parathion, 11.6 ng/l for malathion, 2.17 ng/l for parathion and 217 ng/l for atrazine. Generally, low concentrations of OCP were found, whereas the concentrations of the OPPs and atrazine in the water of Taihu Lake were relatively high. Heptachlor epoxide and lindane were the two most commonly encountered OCPs while dichlorvos, demeton and dimethoate were found to have much higher concentrations and occurrences than other OPPs.     

荠菜叶挥发性成分分析

采用水蒸气蒸馏法对荠菜叶挥发油进行了提取。通过毛细管气相色谱—质谱联用法分离并鉴定了其化学成分,用气相色谱面积归一化法测定了各成分的相对百分含量,共分离确定了其中12种化合物,所鉴定化合物的含量占全油的65.62%,主要化学成分为：L-胍基琥珀酰亚胺（21.28%）、植醇（18%）、植酮（9.6%）、油酸（4.71%）、棕榈酸（3.97%）等。     

介绍一种原子吸收光谱法空心阴极灯的替代用法

用原子吸收光谱法测定Mn、Zn、Cu金属元素的常规监测中,需频繁更换Mn灯、Zn灯和Cu灯等空心阴极灯,耗时费力,增加了时间成本。文章介绍了一种新方法,用Mn灯、Zn灯两种空心阴极灯可作为Cu灯空心阴极灯使用。在实际操作中减少了更换灯的频次和预热次数,使测试工作变得经济而省时,降低了监测成本,提高了工作效率,是一项值得推广的方法改进。     

直接固相微萃取气相色谱-质谱法测定辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚

建立了直接固相微萃取与气相色谱-质谱联用技术测定污水中辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚(OPEO_n)低聚物的方法.在最优实验条件下,测定辛基酚(OP)、辛基酚二乙氧醚(OPEO_2)、辛基酚三乙氧醚(OPEO_3)、辛基酚四乙氧醚(OPEO_4)、辛基酚五乙氧醚(OPEO_5)的线性范围分别为10～100,10-1 000,10～500,10～1 000,10～1 000 ng/L;检出限分别为10.4,7.7,8.1,9.0,8.5 ng/L;回收率为78.4%～114.0%,相对标准偏差小于10.4%.以正二十烷为内标,测定污水处理厂出水中的OPEO_n,实验结果表明,OPEO_2质量浓度高且变化范围较大,为133～2 412 ng/L.     

微波消解-原子吸收光度法测定堆肥中微量镉、锌和铜

研究并确定了微波消解堆肥的最佳条件,应用原子吸收与数据导数处理系统相结合方法解决了堆肥体系中微量金属Cd.Zn和Cu的测定问题,对应元素的灵敏度可提高一个数量级.检出限均有不同程度的降低,从而极大提高分析的准确度.同时对堆肥实际样品进行加标回收实验,测定了堆肥样品中金属的回收率,其回收率分别在99.5%-102.0%、98.7%-99.1%和98.8%-104.0%之间.实验结果显示,该方法快速、准确、可信.     

Determination of alcohol compounds using corona discharge ion mobility spectrometry

Ion mobility spectrometry （IMS） is a very fast, highly sensitive, and inexpensive technique, it permits efficient monitoring of volatile organic compounds like alcohols. In this article, positive ion mobility spectra for six alcohol organic compounds have been systematically studied for the first time using a high-resolution IMS apparatus equipped with a discharge ionization source. Utilizing protonated water cluster ions （H2O）nH^＋ as the reactant ions and clean air as the drift gas, alcohol organic compounds, ethanol, 1- propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-pentanol and 2-octanol, all exhibit product ion characteristic peaks in their respective ion mobility spectrometry, that is a result of proton transfer reactions between the alcohols and reaction ions （H2O）nH^＋. The mixture of these alcohols, including two isomers, has been detected, and the results showed that they could be distinguished effectively in the ion mobility spectrum. The reduced mobility values have been determined, which are in very well agreement with the traditional ^63Ni-IMS experimental values. The exponential dilution method was used to calibrate the alcohol concentrations, and a detection limit available for the alcohols is in order of magnitude of a few ng/L.