全文获取类型
收费全文 | 778篇 |
免费 | 34篇 |
国内免费 | 137篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 15篇 |
废物处理 | 21篇 |
环保管理 | 41篇 |
综合类 | 322篇 |
基础理论 | 127篇 |
污染及防治 | 136篇 |
评价与监测 | 258篇 |
社会与环境 | 29篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 11篇 |
2023年 | 13篇 |
2022年 | 28篇 |
2021年 | 28篇 |
2020年 | 28篇 |
2019年 | 21篇 |
2018年 | 19篇 |
2017年 | 35篇 |
2016年 | 40篇 |
2015年 | 45篇 |
2014年 | 55篇 |
2013年 | 113篇 |
2012年 | 70篇 |
2011年 | 81篇 |
2010年 | 51篇 |
2009年 | 59篇 |
2008年 | 31篇 |
2007年 | 42篇 |
2006年 | 22篇 |
2005年 | 25篇 |
2004年 | 13篇 |
2003年 | 16篇 |
2002年 | 13篇 |
2001年 | 11篇 |
2000年 | 13篇 |
1999年 | 5篇 |
1998年 | 14篇 |
1997年 | 7篇 |
1996年 | 4篇 |
1995年 | 11篇 |
1994年 | 8篇 |
1993年 | 9篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有949条查询结果,搜索用时 234 毫秒
281.
MS/MS的原理和GC/MS/MS在环境分析中的应用 总被引:12,自引:2,他引:10
介绍了空间串联质谱和时间串联质谱的原理、结构和特点 ;描述了时间串联质谱的离子化、母离子选择和储存、碰撞诱导裂解、离子抛出和检测的分析过程以及离子阱串联质谱与气相色谱联用在二恶英、农药残留、多氯联苯 ,多环芳烃和环境激素等环境分析中的应用。 相似文献
282.
采用水溶剂加速萃取-超高效液相色谱串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)建立了土壤中6种全氟羧酸(PFCs)的分析方法,并对色谱分析条件、水溶剂萃取条件、固相萃取柱净化条件及实验材料选择等进行了优化。结果表明,以ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18色谱柱为分离柱,2.0 mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液为流动相A,甲醇为流动相B,梯度洗脱下可在9 min内完成6种PFCs的测试,检出限为0.03~0.4 μg/kg。对实际土壤样品进行测定,加标回收率为90.7%~118%,相对标准偏差为5.6%~18.0%,精密度和准确度均较好。该方法前处理过程简单、易操作,仪器检测效率高、结果准确,能够满足土壤中PFCs的检测要求。 相似文献
283.
284.
Nicholas J.P. Wawryk Caley B. Craven Lindsay K. Jmaiff Blackstock Xing-Fang Li 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(1):151-159
Disinfection byproducts (DBPs) represent a ubiquitous source of chemical exposure in disinfected water. While over 700 DBPs have been identified, the drivers of toxicity remain poorly understood. Additionally, ever evolving water treatment practices have led to a continually growing list of DBPs. Advancement of analytical technologies have enabled the identification of new classes of DBPs and the quantification of these chemically diverse sets of DBPs. Here we summarize advances in new workflows for DBP analysis, including sample preparation, chromatographic separation with mass spectrometry (MS) detection, and data processing. To aid in the selection of techniques for future studies, we discuss necessary considerations for each step in the strategy. This review focuses on how each step of a workflow can be optimized to capture diverse classes of DBPs within a single method. Additionally, we highlight new MS-based approaches that can be powerful for identifying novel DBPs of toxicological relevance. We discuss current challenges and provide perspectives on future research directions with respect to studying new DBPs of toxicological relevance. As analytical technologies continue to advance, new strategies will be increasingly used to analyze complex DBPs produced in different treatment processes with the aim to identify potential drivers of toxicity. 相似文献
285.
冷原子荧光法测定生活垃圾堆肥产品中汞 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过试验研究,建立了用王水消解、冷原子荧光法测定生活垃圾堆肥产品中汞的方法.本方法的检出限为0.006 mg/kg (按称取0.5 g试样消解定容至50 ml计算),用于国内不同地域的堆肥样品测定,其相对标准偏差(RSD)在2.55%~10.7%之间,加标回收率介于91.0%~108.0%,可作为一种较理想的检验堆肥产品质量的方法. 相似文献
286.
Yuan Meng Weiyi Liu Xiaohui Liu Jinlan Zhang Meng Peng Tingting Zhang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(3):260-281
Pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) and corresponding transformation products have caused widespread concern due to their persistent emissions and potential toxicity. They have wide octanol-water partition coefficients (Kow) and different ionization constants (pKa) resulting in a poor analysis accuracy and efficiency. A suitable analytical method is the first prerequisite for further research on their environmental behavior to prioritize the substances. This study reviewed a full-scale analytical protocol for environmental samples in the recent ten years: from sampling to instrumental methods. Passive sampling techniques were compared and recommended for long-term continuous and scientific observation. A quick and effective sample extraction and clean-up method are highly required. Chromatographic methods coupled to mass spectrometry for determining PPCPs with a wide range of logKow (?7.53 to 10.80) were summed up. High-resolution mass spectrometry was confirmed to be a promising strategy for screening unknown transformation products, which would provide a nanogram level of detection limits and more accurate mass resolution. Screening strategies and mass change principles were summarized in detail. The recovery rate was important in multiple contaminants analysis identification and factors affecting the recovery rate of PPCPs were also discussed in this review, including sample matrix, target compounds characteristics, extraction method and solid-phase adsorbent. This review provides useful information for the selection of appropriate analytical methods and future development directions. 相似文献
287.
Honoria Kwok Jeffrey Yan Pamela Brunswick Mark McMaster Marlene Evans Marcus Kim 《Environmental Forensics》2020,21(1):87-98
AbstractA saponification extraction method with gas chromatography pseudo-MRM (pMRM) mass spectrometry detection was developed for the determination of 50 total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (TPAH50, a combination of parent and alkylated homologues) in biota. The method was aimed at monitoring and identification of potential TPAH contaminants in bitumen impacted environments. Alkylated PAHs were determined by multi-level, quantitative calibration using parent PAHs. The developed and thoroughly validated method required only one injection for TPAH50 analysis which represents significant saving of time and expensive authentic alkylated standards. The current method was tested with certified reference mussel tissue NIST 1974c and performed well. In a comparison study, the method reached a limit of quantitation (LOQ) for the TPAH50 between 0.1 and 0.2?ng g?1, while the QuEChERs enhanced matrix removal – lipid (EMR) kit produced by Agilent showed an LOQ of 5–10?ng g?1. The current method relied on response factors (RF) for the quantitation of alkylated PAHs determined against parent PAHs. These RFs were shown to be stable and consistent over the course of 1 year, during which over 200 routine environmental biota monitoring samples were analyzed. The environmental biota monitoring samples analyzed include muscle, carcass and liver, with an average total PAH50 concentration of 13, 90 and 135?ng g?1, respectively. Results show significant differences in the distributions of 1 ringed, 2 ringed, 3 ringed, 4 ringed, and 5+ ringed TPAHs between the types of biota samples. 相似文献
288.
Ore is considered as an important source of many elements such as the iron, phosphorus, and uranium. Concerning the natural radionuclides, their concentrations vary from an ore to other depending on the chemical composition of each site.In this work, two phosphate ores found in East of Algeria have been chosen to assess the activity concentration of natural radionuclides represented mainly by three natural radioactive series 238U, 235U and 232Th, and the primordial radionuclide 40K where they were determined using ultra-low background, high-resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy.The measured activity concentrations of radioactive series ranged from 6.2 ± 0.4 to 733 ± 33 Bq.kg−1 for the 232Th series, from 249 ± 16 to 547 ± 39 Bq.kg−1 for the 238U series, around 24.2 ± 2.5 Bq.kg−1 for the 235U series, and from 1.4 ± 0.2 to 6.7 ± 0.7 Bq.kg−1 for 40K.To assess exposure to gamma radiation in the two ores, from specific activities of 232Th, 40K and 226Ra, three indexes were determined: Radium equivalent (Raeq), external and internal hazard indexes (Hex and Hin), their values ranged from 831 ± 8 to 1298 ± 14 Bq.kg−1 for Raeq, from 2.2 ± 0.4 to 3.5 ± 0.7 Bq.kg−1 for Hex, and from 4.2 ± 0.7 to 4.5 ± 0.7 Bq.kg−1 for Hin. 相似文献
289.
F. Gharbi S. Baccouche W. Abdelli M. Samaali M. Oueslati A. Trabelsi 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2010,101(8):589-590
234U and 238U activity concentrations and their relative effective doses have been determined in 10 bottled mineral waters in Tunisia. Alpha spectrometry was used as technique to measure uranium isotopes. The obtained isotopic ratio 234U/238U varies between 1.1 and 3 which means that the two isotopes are not in radioactive equilibrium. Measured activity concentration varies between 3.2 and 40 mBq/l for 234U and between 1.5 and 26.3 mBq/l for 238U. Effective doses (assuming 2 litres per day of water consumption) coming from this two isotopes are found to vary between 0.16 and 2.02 μSv/a which is lower than the maximum recommended dose level by the WHO. 相似文献
290.
Radium isotopes are widely used in marine studies (eg. to trace water masses, to quantify mixing processes or to study submarine groundwater discharge). While 228Ra and 226Ra are usually measured using gamma spectrometry, short-lived Ra isotopes (224Ra and 223Ra) are usually measured using a Radium Delayed Coincidence Counter (RaDeCC). Here we show that the four radium isotopes can be analyzed using gamma spectrometry. We report 226Ra, 228Ra, 224Ra, 223Ra activities measured using low-background gamma spectrometry in standard samples, in water samples collected in the vicinity of our laboratory (La Palme and Vaccarès lagoons, France) but also in seawater samples collected in the plume of the Amazon river, off French Guyana (AMANDES project). The 223Ra and 224Ra activities determined in these samples using gamma spectrometry were compared to the activities determined using RaDeCC. Activities determined using the two techniques are in good agreement. Uncertainties associated with the 224Ra activities are similar for the two techniques. RaDeCC is more sensitive for the detection of low 223Ra activities. Gamma spectrometry thus constitutes an alternate method for the determination of short-lived Ra isotopes. 相似文献