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61.
以废旧镍镉电池为原料,探索盐酸溶解废镍镉电池的溶解条件,并用ICP仪检测镍镉电池溶液中金属离子含量。研究了硫酸铵-锌试剂-Tween-80体系萃取分离金属离子Ni(Ⅱ),Cd(Ⅱ),Co(Ⅱ)的行为。实验表明:Ni(Ⅱ),Co(Ⅱ)在pH6-9范围内,与锌试剂形成的螯合物可被Tween-80相完全萃取,而Cd(Ⅱ)基本不被萃取。进而实现了镍镉电池溶液中的Ni(Ⅱ),Co(Ⅱ)离子与Cd(Ⅱ)离子的分离。 相似文献
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废旧电池的随意丢弃会带来严重的环境污染以及资源的浪费,同时其回收再利用的空间也较大。目前我国在废电池的处理和回收利用上仍然存在许多问题,如何建立和健全我国的废电池回收利用机制,成为我们应当关注的重点。 相似文献
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Qixing Du Yanmei Gong Muhammad Arif Khan Daixin Ye Jianhui Fang Hongbin Zhao Jiujun Zhang 《绿色能源与环境(英文)》2022,7(1):16-34
Zn-air batteries (ZABs), especially the secondary batteries, have engrossed a great interest because of its high specific energy, economical and high safety. However, due to the insufficient activity and stability of bifunctional electrocatalysts for air-cathode oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) processes, the practical application of rechargeable ZABs is seriously hindered. In the effort of developing high active, stable and cost-effective electrocatalysts, transition metal nitrides (TMNs) have been regarded as the candidates due to their high conductivity, strong corrosion-resistance, and bifunctional catalytic performance. In this paper, the research progress in TMNs-based material as ORR and OER electrocatalysts for ZABs is discussed with respect to their synthesis, chemical/physical characterization, and performance validation/optimization. The surface/interface nanoengineering strategies such as defect engineering, support binding, heteroatom introduction, crystal plane orientation, interface construction and small size effect, the physical and chemical properties of TMNs-based electrocatalysts are emphasized with respect to their structures/morphologies, composition, electrical conductivity, specific surface area, chemical stability and corrosion resistance. The challenges of TMNs-based materials as bifunctional air-cathode electrocatalysts in practical application are evaluated, and numerous research guidelines to solve these problems are put forward for facilitating further research and development. 相似文献
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The amount of spent rechargeable lithium batteries (RLBs) is growing rapidly owing to wide application of these batteries in portable electronic devices and electric vehicles, which obliges that spent RLBs should be handled properly. Identification of spent RLBs can supply fundamental information for spent RLBs recycling. This study aimed to determine the differences of physical components and chemical compositions among various spent RLBs. All the samplings of RLBs were rigorously dismantled and measured by an inductive coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer. The results indicate that the average of total weight of the separator, the anode and the cathode accounted for over 60% of all the RLBs. The weight ratio of valuable metals ranged from 26% to 76%, and approximately 20% of total weight was Cu and Al. Moreover, no significant differences were found among different manufacturers, applications, and electrolyte types. And regarding portable electronic devices, there is also no significant difference in the Co-Li concentration ratios in the leaching liquid of RLBs. 相似文献
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考察了接种量、振荡条件、浸出液以及电池原料对氧化亚铁硫杆菌浸出废旧锂离子电池的影响.研究结果表明,浸出10 d,钴浸出率达到48.5%,之后,浸出率不再增加;当接种量在2.5%—12.5%之间时,钴浸出率在第10天都为47.6%,接种量对浸出率无影响;振荡过程中控制温度为35℃时,钴浸出率最佳,并随着振荡速率的升高而增加;浸出液中加入硫磺对浸出影响不大,初始pH值在1.5—2.5范围内,都适合钴酸锂的浸出,而初始亚铁离子浓度在45 g.L-1条件下浸出效果最好;选择固液比为3%最佳,并且钴酸锂粉末的粒度大小对浸出率无影响. 相似文献
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将传统的中和法和絮凝法相结合,采用中和—絮凝法回收硝酸型褪锡废水中的锡,考察了反应终点体系pH、碱液浓度、絮凝剂浓度等因素对锡回收效果的影响。实验结果表明,在NaOH溶液浓度为6 mol/L、反应终点体系pH为0.8、聚丙烯酰胺溶液质量浓度为3 g/L的工艺条件下,可得到干基锡含量54.6%(w)的高品位锡泥。与传统的单一中和/絮凝法相比,采用中和—絮凝法不仅可以有效提高生产效率,而且减少了碱液和絮凝剂用量,回收锡之后体系中大量的硝酸可进一步回收利用。 相似文献
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