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91.
Zhao Ling Wang Liang Yang Dong Zhu Nanwen 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2007,1(4):459-465
Biohydrometallurgy is a novel method to recycle discarded batteries, in which sewage sludge is used as microorganisms and
culture due to the presence of indigenous Thiobacilli. A two-step continuous flow leaching system consisting of an acidifying reactor and a leaching reactor was introduced to
achieve the bioleaching of spent nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) batteries. The acid supernatant produced in the acidifying reactor
by the microorganisms with ferrous ions as the substrate was conducted into the leaching reactor to dissolve electrode materials.
The efficiency of a batch treatment of batteries was examined. The results showed that the complete dissolution of two AA-sized
Ni-Cd batteries with 0.6 L/d acid supernatant took about 30, 20, and 35 days for Ni, Cd, and Co, respectively. But the dissolution
ability of the three metals was different. Cd and Co can be leached mostly for pH below 4.0 while the complete dissolution
of Ni can be achieved for pH below 2.5. Meanwhile, a strain (named Thiooxidans. WL) accounting for the reduction of pH in the acidified sludge was isolated and sequenced. It was identified to be 100% similar
to Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strain Tf-49 based on 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The relevant phylogenetic tree constructed indicates that the strain should
be classified into genus Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. 相似文献
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94.
通过离子膜法与隔膜法制碱有关特性的比较,表明离子膜法制碱在技术,经济效益及环境效益方面均占有很大优势,是目前烧碱行业实行清洁的首工艺。 相似文献
95.
铝电解槽废旧阴极炭块的处理 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
实验研究了铝电解工业的废渣——废旧阴极炭块的浮选处理。考查了浮选条件,以及不同捕收剂的浮选结果。 相似文献
96.
液相法芒硝制碱中苛化废渣的利用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了用液相法芒硝制碱的苛化废渣制取轻质CaCO3的工艺及用轻质CaCO3填充母料对聚乙烯进行改性。试验结果表明,本研究所制取的轻质CaCO3的质量符合GB4794-84一级品规格,用其制成母料对低密度聚乙烯填充改性,不仅可消除苛化废渣对环境的污染,降低聚乙烯制品的生产成本,而且可在制品的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和冲击强度降低不多的情况下,提高制品的硬度、弹性模量、热稳定性及耐蠕变性。 相似文献
97.
采用电解法处理化学镀镍废液,考察了pH值、电流密度、温度、循环、电解时间等因素对镍离子回收率和COD去除率的影响,并重点研究了电解参数对化学镀镍废液中不同物质的COD降解效果的影响。结果表明,酸性条件有利于COD的降解,碱性条件有利于化学镀镍废液中镍的回收,当镍的回收率达到98.7%时,COD的去除率可达61.91%。 相似文献
98.
以硝酸浸取废无汞碱性电池极性材料,再加入硝酸铁及蔗糖生成前驱体,最后通过焙烧制得锰锌铁氧体磁性纳米颗粒。优化了酸浸和焙烧条件,采用FTIR和DTA-TG技术研究了前驱体的形成和热解过程,采用XRD、FTIR、TEM技术和振动样品磁强计对锰锌铁氧体进行了表征。结果表明:废无汞碱性电池极性材料酸浸的最佳条件为H_2O_2加入量3%(w)、液固比10 mL/g、稀硝酸浓度4 mol/L、浸取温度40℃,该条件下浸取10 min锰和锌的浸出率均可达100%;所得前驱体为葡萄糖酸盐,其最佳焙烧条件为焙烧温度450℃、焙烧时间2 h;最佳条件下所得锰锌铁氧体为尖晶石型Mn_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4,其颗粒为球形、大小均匀,且磁性能优良。 相似文献
99.
100.
S. Aalfin Emmanuel Jangyeon Yoo Eok-Jo Kim Jae-Soo Chang Young-In Park 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2017,52(11):802-811
Spent coffee grounds (SCG), poultry manure, and agricultural waste-derived biochar were used to manufacture functional composts through microbial bioaugmentation. The highest yield of tomato stalk-based biochar (40.7%) was obtained at 450°C with a surface area of 2.35 m2 g?1. Four pilot-scale composting reactors were established to perform composting for 45 days. The ratios of NH4+–N/NO3?–N, which served as an indicator of compost maturity, indicate rapid, and successful composting via microbial bioaugmentation and biochar amendment. Moreover, germination indices for radish also increased by 14–34% through augmentation and biochar amendment. Microbial diversity was also enhanced in the augmented and biochar-amended composts by 7.1–8.9%, where two species of Sphingobacteriaceae were dominant (29–43%). The scavenging activities of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were enhanced by 14.1% and 8.6% in the fruits of pepper plants grown in the presence of the TR-2 (augmentation applied only) and TR-3 (both augmentation and biochar amendment applied) composts, respectively. Total phenolic content was also enhanced by 68% in the fruits of the crops grown in TR-3. Moreover, the other compost, TR-L (augmentation applied only), boosted DPPH scavenging activity by 111% in leeks compared with commercial organic fertilizer, while TR-3 increased the phenolic content by 44.8%. Composting facilitated by microbial augmentation and biochar amendment shortened the composting time and enhanced the quality of the functional compost. These results indicate that functional compost has great potential to compete with commercially available organic fertilizers and that the novel composting technology could significantly contribute to the eco-friendly recycling of organic wastes such as spent coffee grounds, poultry manure, and agricultural wastes. 相似文献