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891.
水泥负载TiO2光催化降解染料水溶液的研究 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
研究了以TiO2为催化剂,且将TiO2涂布在模拟工业水处理浅池的水泥质池底表面,以直管高压汞灯为光源,对有机染料酸性玫瑰红B和晒化绿B进行光催化降解的可行性。结果表明,在实验条件下,本系统对以上染料有显著的光降解作用,浓度为25mg/L的上述二种染料溶液,经30min光照,其降解率分别达88.2%,此外,还探讨了染料浓度,染料体积、染料溶液PH值等因素对光降解的影响。 相似文献
892.
利用中巴地球资源卫星数据反演武汉市湖泊营养状态指数 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以武汉市主要湖泊为例,研究了利用中巴地球资源卫星(CBERS2)数据反演水体营养状态指数(TLI)。研究旨在评估利用中巴地球资源卫星数据来估算内陆水体富营养化程度的可能性。首先利用地面水质监测数据计算武汉市某些湖泊监测点的“真实的”营养状态指数(包括综合营养状态指数和修正的Carlson营养状态指数),同时,在事先经过辐射校正和几何校正的CBERS2图像上,以9×9像元为采样窗口,提取各个对应地点的灰度值均值(从波段1至波段4);然后,采用多元逐步回归分析,以各波段灰度值均值为自变量,建立营养状态指数经验遥感反演模型;最后,利用模型对整个湖泊水体的营养化状态指数进行反演,并绘制了其空间分布图。 结果显示,营养状态指数的自然对数值与CBERS2图像各波段灰度值之间存在较好相关关系,回归系数平方值(R2)为0.51。利用反演模型反演得到的湖区水质分布与实际情况基本相符。由于CBERS2图像数据可以从我国许多数据分发中心免费获取,这为低成本的水质遥感监测提供了一条途径。 相似文献
893.
QIN Min XIE Pin-hu LIU Wen-qing LI Ang DOU Ke FANG Wu LIU Jian-guo ZHANG Wei-jun 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2006,18(1):69-75
Measurements of nitrous acid (HONO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in Beijing City have been performed by means of a developed differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) system based on photodiode array (PDA), during the autumn of 2004. HONO and NO2 were simultaneously identified by their characteristic absorption bands in the spectral region between 337 nm and 372 nm with high sensibility and time resolution. The concentrations of HONO exhibit obviously diurnal variation with a nocturnal maximum and a daytime minimum. The highest HONO value up to 11.8 μg/m^3 was observed during the night of 2/3 September. Possible sources of the observed HONO were discussed. Good correlation to NO2 indicates that NO2 is a main source component. The measurement also shows direct emission of HONO is an imnortant source in strongly polluted urban area. 相似文献
894.
895.
896.
闽南地区生态环境对酸沉降的临界负荷研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
报道了闽南生态环境对酸沉降临界负荷的研究结果。考虑到干、湿2种沉降形式,试用了1种新的酸沉降临界负荷计算方法:用树木和农作物的SO2容量代表酸性干沉降的临界负荷,用土壤酸缓冲容量计算酸性湿沉降的临界负荷。结果表明:闽南的干、湿酸沉降临界负荷均大大高于现实酸沉降负荷 相似文献
897.
898.
Fe2O3-Cr2O3/TiO2系列催化剂的结构和脱硝性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究以纳米TiO2为载体,浸渍负载过渡金属氧化物,以CO为还原剂的脱硝催化剂的脱硝性能。实验中以计算量的Ni(NO3)2和Fe(NO3)3混合溶液浸渍纳米TiO2粉末,室温下搅拌30 min至混合均匀,放入旋转蒸发器中,70℃下至水分蒸干为止;所得粉末在550℃下、空气气氛中焙烧4 h即得所需催化剂。用以上方法分别制备2%Fe2O3-10%Cr2O3/TiO2、4%Fe2O3-8%Cr2O3/TiO2、6%Fe2O3-6%Cr2O3/TiO2、8%Fe2O3-4%Cr2O3/TiO2与10%Fe2O3-2%Cr2O3/TiO2等5种催化剂样品。实验结果表明,制备的催化剂具有较好的结构,分散较为均匀。对于CO+NO反应,Fe2O3-Cr2O3/TiO2系列催化剂具有较好的催化活性,NO的转化率都达到了100%。其中,10%Fe2O3-2%Cr2O3/TiO2样品具有最好的低温活性,H2-TPR结果表明,这是由于10%Fe2O3-2%Cr2O3/TiO2催化剂更易于被CO预还原。 相似文献
899.
In this study, the removal of methylene blue (MB) by the coupling of black carbon (BC) and TiO2 was investigated. The effects of different parameters such as catalyst dose, sorbent, initial concentrations of dye, pH of the solutions, recycles on discoloration, and chemical oxidation demand (COD) reduction of MB were monitored to optimize the reaction conditions. The discoloration and COD conversation rate of MB obtained by the coupling process were 100% after 90?min irradiation. The synergistic effect of MB-adsorption on BC followed by degradation through TiO2 photocatalysis was proved by FT–IR spectrophotometer. The BC as by-product of natural materials is a promising adsorbent for waste water treatment. 相似文献
900.
Marek K. Jarecki Timothy B. Parkin Alvarus S.K. Chan Thomas C. Kaspar Thomas B. Moorman Jeremy W. Singer Brian J. Kerr Jerry L. Hatfield Raymond Jones 《Agriculture, ecosystems & environment》2009,134(1-2):29-35
Agriculture contributes 40–60% of the total annual N2O emissions to the atmosphere. Development of management practices to reduce these emissions would have a significant impact on greenhouse gas levels. Non-leguminous cover crops are efficient scavengers of residual soil NO3, thereby reducing leaching losses. However, the effect of a grass cover crop on N2O emissions from soil receiving liquid swine manure has not been evaluated. This study investigated: (i) the temporal patterns of N2O emissions following addition of swine manure slurry in a laboratory setting under fluctuating soil moisture regimes; (ii) assessed the potential of a rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop to decrease N2O emissions under these conditions; and (iii) quantified field N2O emissions in response to either spring applied urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) or different rates of fall-applied liquid swine manure, in the presence or absence of a rye/oat winter cover crop. Laboratory experiments investigating cover crop effects N2O emissions were performed in a controlled environment chamber programmed for a 14 h light period, 18 °C day temperature, and 15 °C night temperature. Treatments with or without a living rye cover crop were treated with either: (i) no manure; (ii) a phosphorus-based manure application rate (low manure): or (iii) a nitrogen-based manure application rate (high manure). We observed a significant reduction in N2O emissions in the presence of the rye cover crop. Field experiments were performed on a fine-loamy soil in Central Iowa from October 12, 2005 to October 2, 2006. We observed no significant effect of the cover crop on cumulative N2O emissions in the field. The primary factor influencing N2O emission was N application rate, regardless of form or timing. The response of N2O emission to N additions was non-linear, with progressively more N2O emitted with increasing N application. These results indicate that while cover crops have the potential to reduce N2O emissions, N application rate may be the overriding factor. 相似文献