铁锰氧化物/生物炭复合材料对水中硝酸根的吸附特性

热解经过氯化铁和高锰酸钾浸渍的小麦秸秆,制备铁锰金属氧化物/生物炭复合材料,用以去除水中硝酸根.通过X射线光电子能谱和扫描电镜分析,发现复合材料表面形成了Fe(Ⅲ)/Mn(Ⅳ)二元金属氧化物颗粒.制备优化结果表明,复合材料比表面积可达153.116 m2·g-1,零电荷点可达9.76.同时,还调查了固液比、溶液初始pH值和共存阴离子等因素的影响.研究发现,复合材料在溶液pH值1.00~9.05时对NO-3的去除率维持在75.40%~78.70%,且以配位交换为主要吸附机制.共存阴离子对吸附NO-3竞争吸附的影响顺序为:Cl-SO2-4PO3-4.等温吸附实验数据符合Langmuir方程,且最大吸附量为37.361 3 mg·g-1.吸附动力学分析发现,吸附过程遵循二级动力学方程,且以化学吸附为主.热动力学分析表明,吸附过程为自发吸热过程.上述结果说明铁锰氧化物/生物炭复合材料对于去除水中NO-3具有潜在价值.     

不同菜地土壤的铁氨氧化脱氮过程探究

采集了不同菜地的土壤，分析其理化性质.采用同位素示踪技术测定了铁氨氧化、反硝化和厌氧氨氧化的速率，运用Miseq高通量测序技术探究了菜地土壤的群落组成.结果表明，铁氨氧化速率在种植蔬菜的土壤显著高于裸地的土壤，并且铁氨氧化速率与土壤Fe（III）（r = 0.736， P < 0.05）和总有机碳（r = 0.575， P < 0.05）均有显著的正相关.另外，在不同菜地中5种主要的铁还原菌（芽孢杆菌属，假单胞菌属，嗜酸菌属，脂环酸芽孢杆菌属，梭状芽胞杆菌属）被检测到，并且铁还原菌的相对丰度在种植蔬菜的土壤（1.38%~2.19%）比在裸地的土壤（0.75%）高.在脱氮贡献方面铁氨氧化， 反硝化和厌氧氨氧化分别贡献了7.3%~12.4%， 53.1%~72.3%和18.9%~36.4%的氮气产生，说明铁氨氧化是菜地中重要的微生物脱氮路径.     

Novel Fe/glass composite adsorbent and its property for arsenic(V) removal

An effective adsorbent for arsenic removal was synthesized by hydrothermal treatment of waste glass powder (HGP), followed by loading iron(III) oxyhydorxide on the surface of waste glass powder (GP). The ?Si-O-H group was formed on the surface of GP and the specific surface area of GP powder was slightly increased after hydrothermal treatment. FeOOH was loaded on the surface of HGP by the hydrolysis of FeCl3. The formation conditions of FeOOH were also investigated. The ability of this new adsorbent for arsenic removal was tested. The results indicate that the highest arsenic removal efficiency is about 97% for 1 mg/L As(V) solution at pH 6 and keeping time 2h.     

Ligand effects on arsenite removal by zero-valent iron/O2: Dissolution, corrosion, oxidation and coprecipitation

Ligands may increase the yields of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in zero-valent iron (ZVI)/O₂ systems. To clarify the relationship between the properties of ligands and their effects on the oxidative removal of contaminants, five common ligands (formate, acetate, oxalate, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and phosphate) as well as acetylacetone (AA) were investigated with arsenite (As(III)) as the target contaminant at three initial pH values (3.0, 5.0, and 7.0). The addition of these ligands to the ZVI/O₂ system resulted in quite different effects on As(III) removal. EDTA enhanced the oxidation of As(III) to arsenate (As(V)) but inhibited the removal of As(V). Oxalate was the only ligand in this work that accelerated both the removal of As(III) and As(V). By analyzing the ligand effects from the four aspects: dissolution of surface iron (hydr)oxides, corrosion of ZVI, reaction with ROS, and interference with precipitation, the following properties of ligands were believed to be important: ability to provide dissociable protons, complexation ability with iron, and reactivity with ROS. The complexation ability is a double-edged sword. It could enhance the generation of ROS by reducing the reduction potential of the Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox couple, but also could inhibit the removal of arsenic by coprecipitation. The elucidated relationship between the key property parameters of ligands and their effects on the ZVI/O₂ system is helpful for the rational design of effective ZVI/ligand/O₂ systems.     

铁水包底粘铁所引发的一起重伤事故分析

介绍了一起铁水包底粘铁所引发的事故经过,进行了事故原因分析,指出了事故教训和预防措施。     

由硫酸亚铁（绿矾）制取还原铁粉的工艺研究

提出了一种新的绿矾综合利用的途径,即绿矾经碳酸盐转化,然后采用无烟煤作还原剂,CaCO3为添加剂,进行高温还原焙烧制取还原铁粉.先将绿矾用水溶解,用理论量1.2倍的（NH4）2CO3将FeSO4转化为FeCO3,FeCO3焙烧的最佳条件是FeCO3∶无烟煤∶CaCO3为100∶60∶8,焙烧温度为1000℃,焙烧时间为4.5 h.粗还原铁粉化学成分除C含量较高外,符合国家有关标准,900℃左右经氢气精还原1 h所得精还原铁粉化学成分的各项指标,均达到或优于国家有关标准的要求.     

邯钢炼铁系统粉尘污染防治技术分析

重点介绍了邯钢新建2000m^3高炉（7^#高炉）出铁场和槽下上料系统粉尘污染治理方面的成功经验，并对应用电除尘器处理粉尘的技术进行了简要分析。     

Iron and Zinc status in soils, water and staple food cultivars in Itakpe, Kogi State of Nigeria

The levels of iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) were quantitatively determined in soil and water samples as well as in staple food cultivars in Itakpe, Nigeria's major iron mining town. The survey was conducted to establish a baseline pollution index for Fe and Zn in the Itakpe environment and to evaluate the role of foods as an exogenous source of these metals among the inhabitants. Exceedingly high levels of both metals characterized the staple food cultivars in the town.     

Performance of bimetallic nanoscale zero-valent iron particles for removal of oxytetracycline

In this study, bimetallic nanoscale zero-valent iron particles(nZVI), including copper/nanoscale zero-valent iron particles(Cu/nZVI) and nickel/nanoscale zero-valent iron particles(Ni/nZVI), were synthesized by one-step liquid-phase reduction and applied for oxytetracycline(OTC) removal. The effects of contact time and initial p H on the removal efficiency were studied. The as-prepared nanoscale particles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) and X-ray diffraction(XRD). Finally, the degradation mechanisms of OTC utilizing the as-prepared nanoparticles were investigated by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and mass spectrometry(MS). Cu/n ZVI presented remarkable ability for OTC degradation and removed71.44% of OTC(100 mg/L) in 4 hr, while only 62.34% and 31.05% of OTC was degraded by Ni/nZVI and nZVI respectively. XPS and MS analysis suggested that OTC was broken down to form small molecules by ·OH radicals generated from the corrosion of Fe0. Cu/nZVI and Ni/n ZVI have been proved to have potential as materials for application in OTC removal because of their significant degradation ability toward OTC.     

胜利油田外排水中铁细菌主要类群的检测及群落结构分析

根据油田外排水中常见铁细菌的16SrRNA特异性保守序列,设计和合成了4种荧光探针,利用荧光原位杂交方法,分别利用它们对胜利油田孤岛采油厂、胜利采油厂1号和2号综合处理站外排水中存在的铁细菌的种类和数量进行检测,分析了各外排水中铁细菌的群落结构.结果表明,利用基因探针能快速对胜利油田外排水中的铁细菌进行检测:在孤岛采油厂、胜利采油厂1号和2号综合处理站的外排水中,利用4种探针的组合探针检测到的铁细菌细胞数量分别占样品中微生物总细胞数量的11.0%、12.8%和9.0%,其中Leptothrix和Sphaerotilus,以及Leptospirillum fer-riphilum为胜利油田外排水中的3种优势铁细菌,分别占水样中总微生物细胞数的2.94%±0.52%~3.39%±0.52%和2.24%±0.16%~2.63%±0.49%;而Leptospirillum ferrooxidans和Acidithiobacillusspp.的种群则较小.3个污水处理站中铁细菌群落结构差异较大,而多样性相差不大.利用4种探针的各种组合对外排水中铁细菌的检测表明,单探针能够很好地分析外排水中铁细菌的群落结构,而组合探针能快速、较准确地检测外排水中铁细菌的数量,比传统的绝迹稀释法具有快速、准确、直观等优点.图1表5参14