旋转磁场引发的旋转火焰稳定性分析

通过对火焰受到旋转磁场作用下微分方程的分析，确定在磁雷诺数Rm＜1的情况下，由于磁场的旋转而产生的旋转火焰的稳定性条件，使人们更进一步地了解在磁场作用下旋转火焰燃烧的规律性。这样，就可以根据旋转磁场中旋转火焰的燃烧规律而了解实际火灾中火旋风的燃烧特性。从而在实际的火灾发生过程中有意识地对产生小的旋转火焰的某些特性加以控制，以避免火旋风的发生。这在实际火灾发生时，对于减少火灾带来的损失具有重要的意义。     

A RIFFLE STABILITY INDEX TO EVALUATE SEDIMENT LOADING TO STREAMS1

ABSTRACT: Riffles in moderately entrenched stream reaches with gradients of 2 percent to 4 percent that have received excessive sediment from upstream have a distinctly different and higher proportion of smaller mobile particles than riffles in systems that are in dynamic equilibrium. The mobile fraction on the riffle can be estimated by comparing the relative abundance of various particle sizes present on the riffle with the dominant large particles on an adjacent bar. Riffle particles smaller than the dominant large particles on the bar are interpreted as mobile. The mobile percentile of particles on the riffle is termed “Riffle Stability Index” (RSI) and provides a useful estimate of the degree of increased sediment supply to riffles in mountain streams. The RSI addresses situations in which increases in gravel bedload from headwaters activities is depositing material on riffles and filling pools, and it reflects qualitative differences between reference and managed watersheds. The RSI correlates well with other measures of stream channel physical condition, such as V and the results of fish habitat surveys. Thus, it can be used as an indicator of stream reach and watershed condition and also of aquatic habitat quality.     

Species Specificity of the Cytogenetic Stability of Fish in a Eutrophic Water Body

The micronucleus test of peripheral blood erythrocytes was used to study cytogenetic stability in bream (Abramis brama L.), perch (Perca fluviatilis L.), roach (Rutilus rutilus L.), and pike (Esox lucius L.) from a eutrophic water body not affected by anthropogenic factors. The dependence of the rate of spontaneous micronucleus formation on fish age was estimated. The effect of natural variation in abiotic environmental factors on the cytogenetic stability of species was analyzed.     

地震作用下结构失稳诱发的塌陷和地裂缝机理分析

分析了地震诱发的地表塌陷和地裂缝机制。通过地裂缝微观机理分析研究发现:(1)地震造成了大量的地裂缝和塌陷,这些破坏的出现与地震发生时造成的瞬间应力变化和结构破坏密切相关;(2)利用结构突变失稳理论来研究岩土体内部结构是可行的。当应力状态满足孔隙结构失稳判别式时,结构元的变形状态将产生一个“跳跃”;(3)地震情况下岩土体颗粒之间有效接触力的增加,使得结构的变形能增大;同时导致颗粒间连接刚度的降低,导致结构的失稳,这些变化又是在瞬间发生和完成的,这就造成了在地震发生时总是伴随着大量的裂缝和塌陷的出现。     

汉江蜀河水电站库水位对岸坡稳定性的影响分析

汉江蜀河水电站属于Ⅱ等大(2)型水电站,水库的建成、运行可能对岸坡的稳定性造成一定的影响,尤其是水库蓄水后的库水位变化及与库水位变化相关的参数,对岸坡的稳定影响极大,因此弄清楚库水位变化与其相关的参数对岸坡稳定性的影响,是汉江蜀河水电站成功运营必须解决的问题之一。以地质背景为基础,结合具体坡段的岩性、结构特征等,从水库水位公式的建立,到在不同库水位的条件下,运用数值模拟对岸坡稳定性系数和相关参数的变化进行了分析评价。     

岩溶地基土洞塌陷评价及处理

地下水(地表水)产生的渗透潜蚀作用、崩解作用等是土洞形成和发展的重要原因。对工程实例中的土洞,采用极限平衡法和压力拱分析法进行了稳定性判别。在土洞中充填砼,然后采用压力灌浆,灌浆所采用的水灰比为1∶1~1∶1.5,灌浆压力一般为0.15~0.30 MPa,地基处理效果好。     

Structural-temporal organization of a rodent community in the Teletskaya Taiga,Altai Mountains

The structural-temporal organization of a murine rodent community in the taiga has been studied near Lake Teletskoe, Mountain Altai. The results show that the long-term dynamics of indices characterizing community diversity depend mainly on changes in the structure of dominance rather than on the population dynamics of species. The distribution of species in the factor space corresponds to their preference for certain biotopes, from dry to relatively moist. An analysis of relationships within the rodent community has revealed the synchronous dynamics of species abundance and antiphase pattern of changes in the structural indices of dominant species.     

确定岩体斜坡滑动面抗剪强度的动态反分析方法

滑动结构面的抗剪强度在岩体滑坡的稳定性计算中是最重要的参数,也是最难以确定的。基于岩体抗剪强度是多种因素影响下的随机变量这一认识前提下,本文以西柏坡“中共中央解放军总部”旧址滑坡为例提出了确定岩体斜坡滑动面抗剪强度的动态反分析方法,并对该方法获得的抗剪强度的实用性进行了分析。结果表明,反分析方法是获得岩体斜坡滑动面抗剪强度的最经济、合理的途径。     

内排压脚与边坡稳定性的关系

为了研究边坡角及边坡形状与边坡稳定性的关系,采用有限元软件ANSYS模拟了不同边坡角对应的稳定系数,以及不同平盘宽度和压脚高度所形成的等储备强度边坡的稳定系数。模拟中假设材料符合相关联的理想弹塑性本构关系,强度准则符合Drucker-Prager准则,用计算收敛性作为边坡稳定性的准则,用强度折减法得出边坡的稳定系数。为了形成等储备强度边坡,由下到上分步骤进行压脚。先在平面边坡最下台阶压脚,这样提高了边坡稳定系数,在边坡进入临界状态时,最下两台阶的塑性状态相同,则压脚停止;再在最下两台阶同时压脚,在边坡进入临界状态时,最下3个台阶的塑性状态相同,则压脚停止;以此类推,在最下边n个台阶同时压脚,在边坡进入临界状态时,压到与第n+1个台阶的塑性状态相同为止。结果表明,边坡总是从坡脚开始形成塑性区,在重力加载过程中,塑性区以弧形条带向坡顶扩展,形成滑带。最有效的内排压脚是从最下台阶开始形成等储备强度边坡的压脚。