Towards sustainable consumption: Predicting the impact of social‐psychological factors on energy conservation intentions in Northern Cyprus

The incessant demand and consumption of energy services among individuals’ is increasing throughout the world. Individuals’ electricity consumption in Northern Cyprus has risen considerably. However, the demand for electrical energy services on the island is heavily reliant on imported fossil fuels. Burning fossil fuels has adverse effects on its environment. Therefore, sustainable energy consumption is required and individuals are targeted for energy conservation to reduce electricity consumption. Against this background, using the Structural Equation Modeling approach, this research incorporates social‐psychological factors; personal norms, positive and negative emotions into the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) model to assess the relationships among the variables, explain their impact on consumers’ electricity conservation intentions and enhance the explanatory power of the model. Data was conveniently obtained from a quantitative sample of 400 electricity consumers. The results indicate that negative emotions have the strongest significant influence on intentions, but personal norms have the least effect on intentions to save electricity. Furthermore, the study revealed that our expanded TPB model can provide improved explanatory power more than the original TPB. Policy implications, limitations and future research are discussed.     

流动海水环境中人工破损有机涂层的劣化过程研究

目的研究流动海水环境中人工破损有机涂层的劣化过程。方法使用电化学阻抗谱(EIS)技术对比研究流动海水与静止海水环境中破损涂层的劣化行为,跟踪观察涂层宏观形貌演变。结果根据EIS响应特征,发现流动海水中的人工破损有机涂层劣化更快,且在浸泡后期流动海水中破损涂层没有形成扩散阻抗。根据涂层宏观形貌发展,发现静止海水中涂层仅围绕破损处出现了面积较小的锈点和鼓泡,而流动海水中涂层因劣化而产生的锈点和鼓泡面积更大且大量分布在整个涂层表面。结论当人工破损有机涂层在流动海水和静止海水环境的浸泡过程中,涂层劣化首先从人工破损处开始。破损处成为局部腐蚀反应主要的阳极区,破损处周围的区域和涂层内在缺陷处成为扩展腐蚀反应的阴极区。流动海水中涂层的腐蚀产物累积与脱落更加频繁,导致涂层劣化速度加快和基体金属腐蚀加剧。     

新旧桥梁承载能力评定对比研究

基于36座新建桥梁及26座既有旧桥静、动载试验,将其在荷载作用下挠度、应变及振动频率的现场实际值与有限元计算理论值进行对比分析,获取了新旧桥梁的挠度、应变及频率的检验系数,并在此基础上获取了新旧桥梁的承载能力对比情况。结果表明,既有旧桥承载能力下降明显。这将为类似桥梁检测及承载能力评估提供参考。     

Fire accident investigation of an explosion caused by static electricity in a propylene plant

This study investigated a 2010 fire and explosion that occurred at a polypropylene (PP) and copper-clad laminate high-tech plant in Taiwan. Liquid acetone leakage caused the fire and explosion. One person was killed and five were injured; property damage was estimated at US$20 million. In contrast to conventional plants, high-tech plants have sophisticated instrumentation, highly complex pipelines, and confined spaces. In addition, the floor area in a high-tech plant is large and frequently contains a channel through the ground floor to the second or third floor. This channel design enables the fire compartment to be destroyed. Therefore, the system cannot confine the fire to a specific area, thus hindering fire-relief operations. In this study, the original fire outbreak occurred in the PP processing area on the ground floor. The acetone storage tank was located on the third floor. The investigation conducted at the fire site of the situations of the burning (bursting) loss determined that the acetone liquid leaked and dripped from floor cracks and tunnel oven to the PP processing area. Because the PP manufacturing process rapidly generates static electricity, the flammable liquids made contact with the source of ignition, which caused the explosion and fire. Various procedures, such as those involving the operating environment of production, packaging, and processing in a high-tech plant, are likely to produce static electricity in a workplace. Improved electrostatic management can prevent the loss of property and lives, liquid acetone leakage, and loss of equipment caused by static electricity fire.     

CHEAP POWER - AN EXPENSIVE FAILURE: HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER AND INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT IN NEWFOUNDLAND1

ABSTRACT By creating the 459,000 kW Bay d'Espoir h.e.p. scheme, the Newfoundland government hoped that the consequent doubling of the island's electricity supply would not only eliminate a deficite situation but provide power for industrial development. These hopes have not been fulfilled, and only one company, producing elemental phosphorus, was attracted to the island by the government's ‘cheap power’ policy. In addition to the continuing power subidy, this company received considerable federal and provincial incentives by locating its plant in Newfoundland. To these direct financial costs have to be added the environmental destruction and deterioration stemming from the h.e.p. development and the haste with which its construction was undertaken, and the catastrophic pollution problem created by effluent from the phosphorus plant. The costs of the ‘cheap power’ policy have been, and continue to be, massive for Newfoundland, Canada's poorest province. Further, the policy has made little or no impact on the small job market and the very large unemployment problem.     

Electricity consumption and economic growth nexus in Zimbabwe revisited: fresh evidence from Maki cointegration

This study explores the relationship between electricity consumption, real gross domestic product per capita and carbon dioxide emissions in Zimbabwe. To achieve this, the study set off by examining the stationarity properties of the variables under review with the Zivot-Andrews (1992 Zivot, E., and D.W.K. Andrews. 1992. Further evidence on the great crash, the oil-price shock, and the unit-root hypothesis. Journal Of Business and Economic Statistics 10:251-270. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1391541.[Taylor &; Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) unit root test that accounts for a single structural break. Subsequently, Maki (2012 Maki, Daiki. 2012. “Tests for Cointegration Allowing for an Unknown Number of Breaks.” Economic Modelling 29 (5): 2011–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ECONMOD.2012.04.022 [Google Scholar]) cointegration test, which accounts for multiple structural breaks, is applied for equilibrium relationship between the variables under review while the long run regression of dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) is employed for long-run coefficients as estimation procedures. In order to account for the direction of causality flow, the Toda-Yamamoto (1995 Toda, H Y.., and Taku Yamamoto. 1995. Statistical inference in vector autoregressions with possibly integrated processes. Journal Of Econometrics 66 (1–2):225–50. doi: 10.1016/0304-4076(94)01616-8.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) causality test is used for annual frequency data set spanning from 1971–2014. Empirical evidence from the Maki cointegration test shows that there exists a long-run equilibrium relationship between electricity consumption, carbon dioxide emissions and real gross domestic product per capita over the sampled period. The long-run regression suggests that there exist a positive statistically significant relationship between real income and electricity consumption. Thus, corroborating the electricity-led growth hypothesis. This result is supported by the causality test, as one-way causality is observed running from electricity consumption to real gross domestic product. Thus, this is suggestive to government administrators and policymakers that the Zimbabwean economy is electricity dependent. However, there is a tradeoff for environmental quality. As the increase in electricity consumption increases carbon dioxide emissions. The need for diversification of Zimbabwe energy portfolio to cleaner and environmentally friendly energy sources is recommended, given the world global consciousness for cleaner energy consumption.     

企业灯光照明的效率与节电技术研究

本文通过对企业灯光照明工程设计与施工技术的研究，提出了合理应用灯光源的新方法及节电节能新措施，深入探讨了企业实施“绿色照明”工程的工艺技术方案，对推动企业照明节电工作、提高企业经济效益具有一定的参考价值。     

简单静力系统安全性的平衡裕度分析法

静力体系的平衡问题在经典物理学中已有深入的讨论,并形成了完整的理论体系.本文提出了静力体系平衡域和平衡裕度的新概念,用以表述处于稳定静力平衡体系各不同状态点平衡性质之间的差别.文中以日常生活中两个简单而典型的静力平衡实例形象地说明了平衡域和平衡裕度的本质内涵,并说明了利用这两个概念对静力体系平衡性质和安全性进行定量评价的方法.     

垂直层流清净室新送风方式

分析了在空气净化中利用吊顶上方空间作静压室的送风方式的不合理之处，提出了1种管道送风方式。     

静电加速器辐射污染环境监测系统

介绍了静电加速器辐射污染环境监测系统的结构与原理,采用合理的布局设置对静电加速器在运转中产生的γ、X和快中子等多种辐射实时监测,并按国际辐射吸收剂量率标准进行辐射污染防护.该系统实际运行效果良好,也适用于其他大范围场地多种辐射的监测.