Study on an environmental-friendly and high-efficient fuel cell energy conversion system

The kinds and the distribution of the coal in China are investigated.The results indicated that the 80% coal in China is used by the method of the coal gasification.The possibility of utilization and development of the fuel cell power plant in China is analyzed.A combined cycle generation system is designed.Its net electrical efficiency is about 55%(LHV),which is higher than that of the fire power plant.So it is environmental-friendly and high-efficient generation mode.     

Analysis of organic compounds in coal gasification wastewater

A procedure for analysis of organic pollutants in coal gasification wastewater was developed, including a series extraction steps at different pH, followed by LC separation or resin adsorption, then analyzed by GC or GC/MS. More than 200 organic pollutants in 22 categories were determined. CH2CL2 extraction at NaHCO3 presence was used to separate carboxylic acids with phenolic compounds in aqueous. Derivatization with acetic anhydride was used for analyses of mono-, di-, poly-hydroxyl phenolic compounds. 21 mono-hydroxyl phenols and 13 di-hydroxyl phenols were determined from the coai gasification wastewater samples. Derivatization with BF3-CH3OH was used for analysis of carboxylic acid. 17 mono-carboxyl, 4 di-carboxyl acids and 6 aromatic acids were determined from coal gasification wastewater samples.     

Propane oxidation and steam reforming over Pd/LaFe(0.8) Co(0.2) O3 catalyst: effects of the reactant composition and steam

The effects of reactant composition and steam on propane combustion over Pd/LaFe0.8Co0.2O3 catalyst were investigated.Propane conversion and the oxidation state of palladium were strongly affected by the redox ration of reactants.Higher propane conversion could be obtained under rich conditions and explained as a complex balance between oxidation and steam reforming.Water produced in the oxidation could promote the propane conversion by steam reforming.However,the presence of excess steam would bring about inhibition.     

中小型锅炉烟气汽流喷雾干燥法脱硫的研究

以４ｔ 链 条炉为 对象，研究 了中小 型燃煤锅 炉的 汽流 喷雾 干燥 法脱 硫，着 重 研究 了汽 流 式雾化器、气体分布 器、脱硫 塔及其配 套设备， 确定了最 佳操作 条件。结 果表明：气 液比 为２０ ～３０ ，蒸汽压力为 ０６ ～０７ Ｍ Ｐａ ，吸 收剂 计量 比为 １１ ～１６ ，烟 气中 Ｓ Ｏ２ 去 除率 可达 ７６ ％ ～９７ ％ ，不 发生粘壁、粒子结块 现象     

生物质转化利用技术研究进展

综述了当前国内外生物质转化利用技术的原理和特点，分析了生物质转化利用技术的研究现状以及存在的问题，展望了生物质利用的发展前景。     

生物质气化费托合成制航煤生命周期评价

基于生命周期评价（LCA）,对生物质气化费托合成制航煤（Bio-Jet Fuel）工艺进行资源-环境性分析.根据副产品水蒸汽的用途研究了供热和发电两种方案,并进行了数据不确定度分析.结果显示：除EP指标外,发电方案的各环境影响指标比供热方案降低了11.7%~40.8%.相比化石航煤,生物质航煤GWP降低52.6%~71.9%,不可再生资源消耗减少84.4%~93.6%.生物质生长阶段采用不同的分配方法,资源消耗潜值差异较小,但GWP、EP环境影响负荷会产生较大差异.且生物质航煤综合性能对原料消耗率敏感性最大,变化幅度为-16.6%~+17.3%.采用不确定度分析方法对评价结果进行数据质量评估,各环境影响类型的不确定度处于5.0%~12.5%.     

油田高压注汽盐析及预防研究

本文分析研究了油田注汽系统盐析现象及其成因和危害,并根据盐析成因探索了预防注汽盐析方法以减少甚至消除其危害。通过研究确定,采用高压旋流饱和蒸发与低压闪蒸和多效蒸集成技术是预防注汽系统盐析并减少甚至消除盐析及其造成的危害较为有效的方法。     

污泥过热蒸汽干燥单因素试验

为了研究污泥常压过热蒸汽干燥过程中各干燥因素对干燥性能指标的影响规律,研制了一套污泥常压过热蒸汽干燥试验装置。利用研制的过热蒸汽干燥试验装置进行了不同温度、污泥质量和蒸汽流量的干燥试验。试验结果表明:蒸汽温度在180~260℃,污泥质量在6~30 g,蒸汽流量在18~40 m~3/h时,随着过热蒸汽温度升高、蒸汽流量增大,相对单位能耗值均是先减小后增大,平均干燥强度一直增大;随着污泥质量增大,相对单位能耗是先减小后增大,平均干燥强度一直减小。     

An advanced anaerobic biofilter with effluent recirculation for phenol removal and methane production in treatment of coal gasification wastewater

An advanced anaerobic biofilter (AF) was introduced for the treatment of coal gasification wastewater (CGW), and effluent recirculation was adopted to enhance phenol removal and methane production. The results indicated that AF was reliable in treating diluted CGW, while its efficiency and stability were seriously reduced when directly treating raw CGW. However, its performance could be greatly enhanced by effluent recirculation. Under optimal effluent recirculation of 0.5 to the influent, concentrations of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total phenol in the effluent could reach as low as 234.0 and 14.2 mg/L, respectively. Also, the rate of methane production reached 169.0 mL CH₄/L/day. Though CGW seemed to restrain the growth of anaerobic microorganisms, especially methanogens, the inhibition was temporary and reversible, and anaerobic bacteria presented strong tolerance. The activities of methanogens cultivated in CGW could quickly recover on feeding with glucose wastewater (GW). However, the adaptability of anaerobic bacteria to the CGW was very poor and the activity of methanogens could not be improved by long-term domestication. By analysis using the Haldane model, it was further confirmed that high effluent recirculation could result in high activity for hydrolytic bacteria and substrate affinity for toxic matters, but only suitable effluent recirculation could result in high methanogenic activity.     

Thermal valorization of post-consumer film waste in a bubbling bed gasifier

The use of plastic bags and film packaging is very frequent in manifold sectors and film waste is usually present in different sources of municipal and industrial wastes. A significant part of it is not suitable for mechanical recycling but could be safely transformed into a valuable gas by means of thermal valorization. In this research, the gasification of film wastes has been experimentally investigated through experiments in a fluidized bed reactor of two reference polymers, polyethylene and polypropylene, and actual post-consumer film waste. After a complete experimental characterization of the three materials, several gasification experiments have been performed to analyze the influence of the fuel and of equivalence ratio on gas production and composition, on tar generation and on efficiency. The experiments prove that film waste and analogue polymer derived wastes can be successfully gasified in a fluidized bed reactor, yielding a gas with a higher heating value in a range from 3.6 to 5.6 MJ/m³ and cold gas efficiencies up to 60%.