液压支架安装运输车旋转机构动态特性分析

为进一步提高液压支架安装运输车旋转机构偏载工况下旋转调向的安全性,建立了旋转机构的数学模型,分析了齿轮接触力、旋转板与液压支架间摩擦阻力、主轴质心随旋转角的变化情况。以此为依据,改进了安装运输车旋转支撑结构,并进行了试验分析。结果表明:三种工况下,齿轮接触力始终波动,仅X向偏载时启动性能较好,Y向偏载对齿轮接触力影响较大,X、Y均偏载时齿轮运动不平衡,易出现啮合冲击;随着偏心距的增加,摩擦阻力激增明显,均值变大,液压支架和旋转板之间的相对滑动趋势越明显,X、Y向均偏载时会出现最大摩擦阻力超过最大允许的静摩擦力,旋转板和液压支架会发生瞬间滑动;随着偏心距的增大,主轴转速振动频率和幅度增大,偏载对主轴转动的稳定性具有很大影响;主轴质心在X、Y平面内的位移和Z向攒动均随着偏心距的增大而增大,且质心位置也随着偏载量的增加而变得越分散。     

硫化罐齿块啮合强度校核及使用缺陷分析

针对硫化罐齿块在使用过程中出现裂纹等使用缺陷甚至导致失效的问题,采用有限元方法,对一台硫化罐的齿块啮合强度进行了校核和 应力分析,基于各个危险截面的应力水平计算结果对该设备快开门结构强度进行了评价。并结合该设备在定期检验过程中发现的缺陷形式,对 缺陷产生原因进行了分析,结果表明在满足啮合强度计算的条件下,该设备的齿块在非危险截面的齿块根部出现了疲劳裂纹,该缺陷的产生和 扩展与制造环节和设备使用过程中的疲劳有关。基于分析结果提出在役硫化罐定期检验的关键位置和检验周期,为该类容器的制造和定期检验 提供参考。     

齿缘式旋转锥的齿缘半径的设计方法

转锥式生物质闪速热解液化装置是当今研究的一个热点,而该技术的核心就是对旋转锥设计.本文详细介绍了齿缘式旋转锥的齿缘半径的设计思想和具体的计算方法,为旋转锥的设计提供技术支持和理论指导.     

特种方舱铁路运输异常调车纵向冲击试验研究

目的 针对特种方舱铁路运输,明确异常调车纵向冲击试验方法,并掌握异常纵向冲击安全性边界.方法 首先开展"一车冲一车"、"一车冲三车"铁路冲击对比试验,获得2种工况下的冲击特性数据.然后,基于冲击试验获得的缓冲器性能,建立特种方舱铁路运输调车作业动力学模型,研究冲击模式下不同冲击速度的纵向冲击特性.结果 试验工况1(冲击...     

电液舵机系统的可靠性强化试验方案设计

以电液舵机为研究对象,根据其自身特点建立故障树,以得到系统的薄弱环节及主要故障模式。通过分析得到电液舵机系统的敏感应力,对可靠性强化试验应用于此类机电液一体化的产品进行了可行性分析,并设计了适用于电液舵机系统的可靠性强化试验方案。     

Use of Fully Biodegradable Panels to Reduce Derelict Pot Threats to Marine Fauna

Fishing pots (i.e., traps) are designed to catch fish or crustaceans and are used globally. Lost pots are a concern for a variety of fisheries, and there are reports that 10 – 70% of deployed pots are lost annually. Derelict fishing pots can be a source of mortality for target and bycatch species for several years. Because continual removal of derelict gear can be impractical over large spatial extents, modifications are needed to disarm gear once it is lost. We tested a fully biodegradable panel with a cull or escape ring designed for placement on the sides of a crab pot that completely degrades into environmentally neutral constituents after approximately 1 year. This panel is relatively inexpensive, easy to install, and can be used in multiple fisheries. We used the blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) fishery as a test case because it is a large pot fishery and blue crab pots are similar to traps used in other pot fisheries. We had commercial fishers deploy pots with panels alongside standard pots in Chesapeake Bay (U.S.A.) to assess potential effects of our experimental pots on blue crab catch. We compared the number, biomass, and size of crabs captured between standard and experimental pots and evaluated differences in catch over a crabbing season (March–November) at five locations. There was no evidence that biodegradable panels adversely affected catch. In all locations and time periods, legal catches were comparable in abundance, biomass, and size between experimental and standard pots. Properly designed biodegradable panels appear to be a viable solution to mitigate adverse effects of derelict pots. Uso de Paneles Completamente Biodegradables para Reducir las Amenazas de Vasijas Abandonadas para la Fauna Marina     

Disentangling the causes of protected‐species bycatch in gillnet fisheries

Gillnet fisheries are widely thought to pose a conservation threat to many populations of marine mammals, seabirds, and turtles. Gillnet fisheries also support a significant proportion of small‐scale fishing communities worldwide. Despite a large number of studies on protected‐species bycatch in recent decades, relatively few have examined the underlying causes of bycatch and fewer still have considered the issue from a multitaxon perspective. We used 3 bibliographic databases and one search engine to identify studies by year of publication and taxon. The majority of studies on the mechanisms of gillnet bycatch are not accessible through the mainstream published literature. Many are reported in technical papers, government reports, and university theses. We reviewed over 600 published and unpublished studies of bycatch in which causal or correlative factors were considered and identified therein 28 environmental, operational, technical, and behavioral factors that may be associated with high or low bycatch rates of the taxa. Of the factors considered, 11 were associated with potential bycatch reduction in 2 out of the 3 taxa, and 3 factors (water depth, mesh size, and net height) were associated with trends in bycatch rate for all 3 taxa. These findings provide a basis to guide further experimental work to test hypotheses about which factors most influence bycatch rates and to explore ways of managing fishing activities and improving gear design to minimize the incidental capture of species of conservation concern while ensuring the viability of the fisheries concerned.     

环境工艺方法论研究——转向思维法

转向思维法是现代环境工艺中一类非常重要的方法。本文论述了转向思维法的定义,枚举了该方法在环境工艺中的应用成果,并在此基础上讨论了它的哲学内涵。     

基于Pro/Engineer平台的齿轮精密成形CAD/CAPP2.0系统

利用VisualC++的面向对象编程、模块化、代码重用、组件共享等技术,开发出用于塑性精密成形的齿轮CAD/CAPP系统的用户界面和程序代码,并使用三维软件Pro/Engineer中的Pro gram模块,读取程序代码的相关信息,实现模块的自动化设计。     

基于最弱t-模的飞机起落架模糊故障树分析

目的针对飞机起落架部件失效的模糊性以及传统模糊故障树分析中采用扩展原理或区间运算而导致模糊积累的缺点,提出了一种基于最弱t-模的飞机起落架模糊故障树分析新方法。方法采用梯形模糊数表示飞机起落架部件模糊失效概率,给出最弱t-模的模糊运算法则,并利用最弱t-模法则进行模糊故障树分析。结果得到了飞机起落架系统的模糊失效概率以及部件的重要度。结论与传统模糊故障树分析方法比较,该方法具有更加灵活适用的优点,为飞机起落架可靠性评估奠定了基础。