基于步降应力加速贮存试验的电缆网贮存寿命评估

目的针对某型电缆网开展加速贮存试验设计,并通过试验预测产品贮存寿命。方法基于步降应力加速贮存试验方法,结合Arrhenius模型,利用对数正态分布的极大似然估计法,对试验结果进行评估。结果根据加速贮存试验结果,在较短时间内评估得到电缆网的贮存寿命,评估得到电缆网在25℃下的平均寿命点估计值在20年以上,并获得其加速模型和加速因子。结论为电缆网贮存寿命的定量评估提供了一种参考方法,为武器装备延寿整修提供依据。     

石化企业中间罐区VOCs治理工艺选择与流程优化

石化企业中间罐区VOCs排放量较大,多采用吸收、冷凝、膜分离及其组合工艺进行处理。本文采用AspenPlus软件分别对高、中、低浓度中间罐区VOCs废气应用上述3种工艺及其工艺组合的处理效果进行模拟计算。结果表明:中间罐区的VOCs经过不同组合的二级处理后,尾气VOCs质量浓度约为9～50 g/m~3,后续仍需采用深度处理工艺以满足新的国家及地方污染物排放标准要求;同时,对比3种工艺能耗情况,冷凝法最低,膜分离法次之,吸收法最高,约为冷凝法能耗的5～10倍。以上模拟计算结果与实际工况数据基本符合,证明采用Aspen Plus软件进行石化企业中间罐区VOCs治理工艺选择与流程优化是可行的,具有一定的参考价值。     

短毛紫荆花粉生活力测定及贮藏方法研究

为进行紫荆的杂交育种和开发利用,以短毛紫荆花粉为试材,利用离体培养法、3种染色法（碘-碘化钾染色、醋酸洋红和ITC）对花粉生活力进行了测定,并研究了不同贮藏温度及时间对花粉萌发的影响.结果表明,培养基中添加蔗糖和硼酸对花粉的萌发有促进作用,短毛紫荆花粉萌发的适宜培养基为：15％蔗糖＋0.004％硼酸＋0.08％的琼脂,萌发率达88.46％;醋酸洋红染色法适宜快速测定短毛紫荆花粉生活力;短毛紫荆花粉最佳的贮藏方法为-196℃,经济的贮藏方法为-20℃.     

Agronomic Water Mass Balance vs. Well Measurement for Assessing Ogallala Aquifer Depletion in the Texas Panhandle

The Ogallala Aquifer is depleting faster than it is being replenished. Interpretation of well data suggests that the water table in some counties is not declining, or not as much as might be expected in view of the amount of land being irrigated. As the Ogallala Aquifer in the Texas Panhandle receives almost no recharge, a possible explanation is that the current method of using well data for estimating the quantity of water remaining in the aquifer is underestimating water in storage. This study used an agronomic water mass balance approach to estimate how much water has been used for irrigation compared to amounts estimated by well data. The major finding was in counties where irrigation well capacities have declined significantly but irrigation is continuing, there is likely more water in storage than presently estimated, but the amounts of water being used for irrigation in those counties are greater than estimated changes of water in storage. The proposed hypothesis for this difference is there are mounds of water between wells that are not being accounted for and data are presented and discussed to support this conjecture.     

Influence of cadmium on the storage and metabolism of HCH in rats

Male albino rats were administered Cd and HCH daily for six weeks to study the effect of Cd on storage and metabolism of HCH. The results indicated a marked inhibition of the metabolism of HCH in the group dosed with HCH + Cd. The metabolic rate of HCH in the group dosed with HCH + Cd was also significantly lower than that in the group dosed with HCH alone. The hepatic content of Cd and Zn was significantly increased whereas a marked depletion of Cu and Fe was observed in the groups exposed to Cd and HCH + Cd. A high level of free Cd and Zn or a low level of Fe and Cu in liver seemed to play an important role in the metabolic inhibition observed in this study.     

The private and social economics of bulk electricity storage

The ability to store excess intermittent renewable electricity is increasingly being seen as a key option for integrating large quantities of renewable capacity. However, intermittent energy sources currently account for very small amounts of total generation. Despite this fact, policymakers have begun implementing requirements that will dramatically increase the amount of bulk storage capacity. This paper examines the social benefits provided by bulk storage in the Texas electricity market, which has a large amount of renewable capacity relative to other states, but still quite limited renewable penetration. We focus on the impact of arbitraging electricity across time—a major service of bulk storage. Using current storage technologies, we demonstrate that electricity arbitrage will increase daily CO₂ emissions by an average of 0.19 tons for each MWh stored. In addition, daily SO₂ emissions will increase by an average of 1.89 pounds/MWh while NO_X emissions will fall by an average of 0.15 pounds/MWh.     

硫酸储罐爆炸事故分析及预防

介绍了山东省某化工有限公司苯胺厂的工人在废硫酸罐顶部焊接管线时发生的一起废硫酸罐爆炸事故。通过对事故发生经过及现场情况的调查分析,找出了导致事故发生的原因,由于废硫酸罐耐酸瓷瓦破损,废硫酸渗漏与罐体接触反应产生的氢气,与由苯-稀硫酸萃取分离器串入废硫酸罐的苯或硝基苯蒸气及罐内空气混合形成爆炸性混合物,遇到因违章操作产生的明火、高温发生爆炸。通过对这次事故的详细描述、分析,在吸取事故教训的基础上,提出了相应的预防措施,为预防类似事故的发生提供参考。     

储油罐机械清洗技术实践与探讨

本文以长庆油田咸阳末站2#、4#储油罐为例,系统介绍了机械清洗技术在储油罐清罐方面对安全环保工作的现实意义,对同类企业开展储油罐清洗作业提供了很好的借鉴。     

原油储运过程中的污染控制

对石油储运过程中产生污染的原因进行了分析,提出了污染的控制方法.     

梯级水库对长江水沙过程影响初探

长江中上游干流及主要支流正在进行大规模水电开发,按目前的规划和建设步伐,在未来20~30年,这些河段将形成一系列梯级水库。根据近20年来水文观测和资料统计,初步分析了长江水沙变化情况和发生变化的原因;通过一些已建大型水库的观测资料,分析了水库对泥沙输移规律的影响方式和程度;最后,提出减小梯级水库对长江生态环境影响的对策和建议。分析表明：长江的水沙过程已经发生变化,绝大多数河段输沙量明显减少;梯级水库的建设是输沙量减少的主要因素之一;梯级水库建设不仅使输沙量和径流量减少,而且显著改变了天然河流的水沙过程,给长江中下游及河口地区生态环境带来一定影响。为了减小梯级水库对河流自然属性的影响,必须转变长江治理的思路,由江河治理向科学管理转变,利用洪水冲沙和水库群的优化调度,尽量维持河流的自然属性。