中国的世界自然遗产战略管理研究

该文介绍了中国的世界自然遗产特征和管理现状,指出了我国的世界自然遗产地管理方面存在的问题,诸如管理体制、地质灾害、生态危机、旅游开发、经济建设、经费匮乏、遗产教育和学术研究滞后等问题。本文还提出了相关保护对策,包括管理体制、遗产保护、遗产教育、保护基金、遗产旅游的建立和实施,以促进中国的世界遗产管理可持续发展。     

The psychological benefits of indoor plants: A critical review of the experimental literature

People have been bringing plants into residential and other indoor settings for centuries, but little is known about their psychological effects. In the present article, we critically review the experimental literature on the psychological benefits of indoor plants. We focus on benefits gained through passive interactions with indoor plants rather than on the effects of guided interactions with plants in horticultural therapy or the indirect effect of indoor plants as air purifiers or humidifiers. The reviewed experiments addressed a variety of outcomes, including emotional states, pain perception, creativity, task-performance, and indices of autonomic arousal. Some findings recur, such as enhanced pain management with plants present, but in general the results appear to be quite mixed. Sources of this heterogeneity include diversity in experimental manipulations, settings, samples, exposure durations, and measures. After addressing some overarching theoretical issues, we close with recommendations for further research with regard to experimental design, measurement, analysis, and reporting.     

前后对比分析法在战略环境评价中应用初探

分析战略环境评价基本内涵，提出战略环境评价实施框架，并重点分析了评价战略筛选与评价者确定、战略分析、战略环境影响识另与建立评价指标体系、战略环境影响预测与综合评价以及制定战略环境影响减缓措施等关键问题；初步研究了战略环境评价方法，重点研究前后对比 政策评价方法类型、特点及其在战略环境评价中的应用。最后以长春经济技术开发区战略为例进行实证分析。     

固体废物属性鉴别有关问题的思考

固体废物属性鉴别在进口废物管理方面具有重要作用,是口岸加强进口废物监管的重要技术支持依据。在进口物品固体废物属性鉴别中,各鉴别机构可能会遇到很多难以把握的问题。对固体废物属性鉴别关键问题进行思考,包括首要解决的问题、标准或规范的使用、鉴别的三个“键节点;过程产物的判断、特性分析、二次再生资源加工产物的判断等6个方面。     

加强我国矿产资源开发中的环境保护工作

我国矿产资源丰富且矿种较齐全,但人均占有量偏低。生产技术水平低,资源消耗较大,造成环境污染严重。加强矿产资源开发中的环境保护工作是经济持续发展的战略措施。     

关于企业绿色成本及其会计核算的一些探讨

随着全球环境保护热潮的兴起，环保法规的相继出台和不断完善以及消费者对绿色产品的偏好，企业内部化的绿色成本支出越来越多，存在逐年增加的趋势，其不仅关系到环境保护的效果问题，而且直接影响着企业竞争力的形成(“成本比较优势”和“绿色比较优势”)，因此对绿色成本的核算和管理就提到了重要的地位。鉴于此，本文在对企业已内部化的绿色成本的产生、概念及特性等进行分析的基础上，按照可持续发展的思想，从绿色成本的确认、计量和科目设置的角度，对绿色成本核算进行了初步的设想和探讨。     

经济发展、能源消费与资源环境协调性分析规划环评案例研究

新疆作为国家重要的能源资源战略基地,面临水资源短缺,绿洲生态系统脆弱等多种资源环境制约因素。文章改进经济-能源-资源环境复合系统协调性分析模型,以《新疆维吾尔自治区“十二五”能源发展规划环评》为案例对象,研究新疆2001年-2009年经济发展、能源消费和资源环境的协调性历史演变过程,结合实际数据探讨其发展过程中呈现的特征,预测“十二五”末复合系统的协调度发展趋势,为新疆今后实现协调可持续发展给出对策建议。     

海湾型城市滨水空间的战略区位及生态格局——以厦门市马銮湾新城为例

海湾型城市定位及其滨水空间的生态建设在城市发展中具有非常重要的意义,基于海湾资源的稀缺性,论文以厦门市马銮湾为例,在基于区位优势的城市发展定位的基础上,确定其战略目标、总体发展方向和城市功能定位,进而构建了马銮湾生态保育区、生态重建区和生态过渡区基本生态框架,在此基础上对生态重建区提出了滨水生态空间构建的初步建议。     

Redistribution of benefits but not detection in a fisheries bycatch‐reduction management initiative

Reducing the capture of small fish, discarded fish, and bycatch is a primary concern of fisheries managers who propose to maintain high yields, species diversity, and ecosystem functions. Modified fishing gear is one of the primary ways to reduce by‐catch and capture of small fish. The outcomes of gear modification may depend on c ompetition among fishers using other similar resources and other gears in the same fishing grounds and the subsequent adoption or abandonment of modified gears by fishers. We evaluated adoption of modified gear, catch size, catch per unit effort (CPUE), yield, and fisher incomes in a coral reef fishery in which a 3‐cm escape gap was introduced into traditional traps. There were 26.1 (SD 4.9) fishers who used the experimental landing sites and 228(SD 15.7) fishers who used the control landing sites annually over 7 years. The size of fish increased by 10.6% in the modified traps, but the catch of smaller fish increased by 11.2% among the other gears. There was no change in the overall CPUE, yields, or per area incomes; rather, yield benefits were redistributed in favor of the unmodified gears. For example, estimated incomes of fishers who adopted the modified traps remained unchanged but increased for net and spear fishers. Fishers using escape‐gap traps had a high proportion of income from larger fish, which may have led to a perception of benefits, high status, and no abandonment of the modified traps. The commensal rather than competitive outcome may explain the continued use of escape‐gap traps 3 years after their introduction. Trap fishers showed an interest in negotiating other management improvements, such as increased mesh sizes for nets, which could ultimately catalyze community‐level decisions and restrictions that could increase their profits.     

Strategic Evaluation on Security of China's Petroleum: from 1990 to 2006

From the angle of the supply stability and use security, this article has constructed an appraisal indexes system and established the strategic evaluation model for the security of Chinese petroleum by using the gray correlated method. The article then made an empirical research on the bases of the data from 1990 to 2006. The result indicated that the security level of China's petroleum presents an undulatory and slow ascend tendency. This attributed to the combined function of the oil production, the optimization of economical system, and the technology advancement in the energy domain. At the same time, the undulatory slow enhancement from the environmental protection effect, which is led by the conservation of energy in GDP, has greatly influenced the use security of petroleum, and its undulation has attacked the stable function to the humanity effect in the petroleum use security, and it has caused the short-term undulation to the petroleum use security level, as well as the China's petroleum security. It is the most important way for China's petroleum security that synthesis considering the influence factor and the development tendency and promoting the benign function mechanism to be formed to China's petroleum security from the angles of economy growth, petroleum supply, technology advancement, environmental protection, and humanities development.