前后对比分析法在战略环境评价中应用初探

分析战略环境评价基本内涵，提出战略环境评价实施框架，并重点分析了评价战略筛选与评价者确定、战略分析、战略环境影响识另与建立评价指标体系、战略环境影响预测与综合评价以及制定战略环境影响减缓措施等关键问题；初步研究了战略环境评价方法，重点研究前后对比 政策评价方法类型、特点及其在战略环境评价中的应用。最后以长春经济技术开发区战略为例进行实证分析。     

固体废物属性鉴别有关问题的思考

固体废物属性鉴别在进口废物管理方面具有重要作用,是口岸加强进口废物监管的重要技术支持依据。在进口物品固体废物属性鉴别中,各鉴别机构可能会遇到很多难以把握的问题。对固体废物属性鉴别关键问题进行思考,包括首要解决的问题、标准或规范的使用、鉴别的三个“键节点;过程产物的判断、特性分析、二次再生资源加工产物的判断等6个方面。     

可持续发展角度下中国湿地环境管理法律问题研究

针对可持续发展角度下中国湿地环境管理法律问题,介绍了中国湿地生态系统具备的高经济性与脆弱性,讨论了生物多样性与系统复杂性的特点和要求,给出了从持续发展的角度下审视湿地管理和使用的问题.这样就可以从法律的角度,来看待中国湿地环境管理问题,是基于中国湿地保护和利用法律的缺失现状之上的.因此,基于可持续发展理念,来研究中国湿地环境管理的法律问题,就可以为中国湿地立法提供建议,来规范中国相关部门的管理,共同努力保障中国湿地的生态平衡.     

The psychological benefits of indoor plants: A critical review of the experimental literature

People have been bringing plants into residential and other indoor settings for centuries, but little is known about their psychological effects. In the present article, we critically review the experimental literature on the psychological benefits of indoor plants. We focus on benefits gained through passive interactions with indoor plants rather than on the effects of guided interactions with plants in horticultural therapy or the indirect effect of indoor plants as air purifiers or humidifiers. The reviewed experiments addressed a variety of outcomes, including emotional states, pain perception, creativity, task-performance, and indices of autonomic arousal. Some findings recur, such as enhanced pain management with plants present, but in general the results appear to be quite mixed. Sources of this heterogeneity include diversity in experimental manipulations, settings, samples, exposure durations, and measures. After addressing some overarching theoretical issues, we close with recommendations for further research with regard to experimental design, measurement, analysis, and reporting.     

吉林省可再生能源战略环境评价指标体系的建立

本文依据“可再生能源法”和与吉林省可再生能源发展相关的政策、规划,提出了在进行可再生能源战略评价时评价指标建立的原则和建立方法以及指标体系权重的确定方法。通过对吉林省可再生能源的发展现状及可再生能源的主要构成情况进行分析,确定了吉林省可再生能源战略环境评价指标体系主要类型,并建立了吉林省可再生能源的战略环境评价指标体系的可选指标集。根据驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应（DPSIR）指标框架,该指标体系主要包括驱动力指标、压力指标、状态指标、影响指标和响应指标,涉及经济、社会、环境指标和能源指标等4种类型。同时本文指出在指标确定过程中必须依据不同地域的特点,充分体现地域性的差别。     

Increasing the public benefits of agricultural conservation easements: an illustration with the Central Valley Farmland Trust in the San Joaquin Valley

Agricultural conservation easements (ACEs) involve the significant expenditure of public funds through either tax benefits and/or direct public expenditures. The selection of agricultural parcels for conservation should, therefore, maximise net public benefits to the extent possible within financial constraints and the need for agricultural viability to maintain working landscapes. Some programmes select agricultural parcels for conservation easements based only on agricultural viability and/or land cost, however, without explicit consideration of the many other public benefits often associated with ACEs. This paper illustrates application of a method for increasing the public benefits of agricultural conservation easements through a case study in the northern San Joaquin Valley of California. The method is a strategic planning process that incorporates both a GIS-based quantitative assessment and a more qualitative assessment. Such an approach is a supplement to – rather than a substitute for – the more science-based Landscape Evaluation and Site Evaluation (LESA) approach developed by the US Soil Conservation Service (SCS) and cost-minimisation approaches that emphasise economic considerations. However, we show that public land use planning and regulatory policies are essential for agricultural conservation. Acquisition strategies in isolation will not be successful without complementary public regulatory policies.     

Study on National Sustainable Development Strategy Management Based on Stakeholders Management Theory

Based on the stakeholders management theory,this paper provides a new strategic management method for the National Sustainable Development Strategy.By taking China’s National Sustainable Development Strategy Management as an example,this paper identifies all the stakeholders involved and then assesses stakeholders from two dimensions,namely "Importance" and "Attitude",by which all of the stakeholders are divided into six categories.On this basis,further analysis is made to work out strategic management programme by scheduling the strategic emphases,steps and management countermeasures for different types of stakeholders so as to provide theortical evidence for the practice of National Sustainable Developnent Strategy management.     

中国的世界自然遗产战略管理研究

该文介绍了中国的世界自然遗产特征和管理现状,指出了我国的世界自然遗产地管理方面存在的问题,诸如管理体制、地质灾害、生态危机、旅游开发、经济建设、经费匮乏、遗产教育和学术研究滞后等问题。本文还提出了相关保护对策,包括管理体制、遗产保护、遗产教育、保护基金、遗产旅游的建立和实施,以促进中国的世界遗产管理可持续发展。     

战略环境评价中的战略缺陷分析

战略环境评价的目的是消除或降低因战略缺陷造成的环境影响,从战略决策源头控制环境问题的产生。战略缺陷将通过市场结构,企业行为改变而产生环境影响,是导致环境问题的根源。战略缺陷分析是战略环境评价的重点内容,是制定战略环境影响控制,减缓措施或战略替代方案的主要依据。分析了战略缺陷的两种类型：社会经济发展战略未充分考虑其环境影响以及环境与资源战略不符合社会经济实际。重点研究了导致战略缺陷产生的原因,即内部性,决策失误,低效率,权力分配不均及政府寻租行为。提出从战略内略内容失识,战略执行失真和战略组织失效3个维度进行战略缺陷分析的方法,最后结合长春经济技术开发区战略进行实例研究,发现该战略缺陷表现在环境与社会经济发展战略不对称,投资导向政策考虑当地资源及国家有关政策不充分,产业布局规划与开发建设行动不一致以及土地利用优惠政策导致的效率偏低4个方面,其造成了一定的社会的经济及环境影响。     

论环境安全问题

将环境安全分为生产技术性的环境安全和社会政治性的环境安全两类。认为广义的环境安全是指人类赖以生存发展的环境处于一种不受污染和破坏的安全状态,或说人类和世界处于一种不受环境污染和环境破坏的危害的良好状态,它表示自然生态环境和人类生态意义上的生存和发展的风险大小。分析了当代环境安全问题的严重性和主要表现,包括劳动环境。生活环境和生态环境的安全问题,以及环境问题在传统的国家安全和军事活动领域的反映,认为环境安全是可持续发展观的一个核心观点;可持续发展要求满足全体人民的基本需要,而维护环境安全正是人们的一种基本需要,分析了外国,国际社会和中国对环境安全问题的法律控制概况。介绍了一些重要领域的环境安全法观。