Determination of alcohol compounds using corona discharge ion mobility spectrometry

Ion mobility spectrometry （IMS） is a very fast, highly sensitive, and inexpensive technique, it permits efficient monitoring of volatile organic compounds like alcohols. In this article, positive ion mobility spectra for six alcohol organic compounds have been systematically studied for the first time using a high-resolution IMS apparatus equipped with a discharge ionization source. Utilizing protonated water cluster ions （H2O）nH^＋ as the reactant ions and clean air as the drift gas, alcohol organic compounds, ethanol, 1- propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-pentanol and 2-octanol, all exhibit product ion characteristic peaks in their respective ion mobility spectrometry, that is a result of proton transfer reactions between the alcohols and reaction ions （H2O）nH^＋. The mixture of these alcohols, including two isomers, has been detected, and the results showed that they could be distinguished effectively in the ion mobility spectrum. The reduced mobility values have been determined, which are in very well agreement with the traditional ^63Ni-IMS experimental values. The exponential dilution method was used to calibrate the alcohol concentrations, and a detection limit available for the alcohols is in order of magnitude of a few ng/L.     

脉冲电晕放电烟气脱硫的影响因素

脉冲放电脱硫反应器电极结构采用线-板式电极,正极性窄脉冲高电压供电,试验烟气流量为1000～3000m³/h.主要研究了脉冲放电脱硫的运行参数对脱硫效果的影响,目的是为脉冲放电烟气脱硫工业应用提供科学依据.得出的试验结果:烟气中SO₂浓度在1000～2000ml/m³范围内,烟气温度在60℃～80℃范围内,氨加入量按摩尔比NH₃SO₂=2:1加入,能耗3～5 W·h/Nm³,SO₂脱除率达到80%以上.     

氨和脉冲电晕脱硫脱硝的试验研究

利用氨对SO₂的中和反应和纳秒高压脉冲电晕产生的活化自由基对SO₂和ＮＯ的氧化作用脱除燃煤锅炉排放烟气中的SO₂和ＮＯ。试验结果表明:氨脱硫效率很高,但对ＮＯ不产生作用;氨和脉冲电晕共同作用于烟气中的SO₂具有理想的脱硫效果。      

脉冲电晕放电降解CH2Cl2的初步研究

对高压脉冲电晕放电降解ＣＨ２Ｃｌ２进行初步研究,比较了正负脉冲电晕降解的活性,正脉冲电晕优于负脉冲电晕。探讨了脉冲形成电容Ｃｐ之值及反应器的电晕线材料对降解反应活性的影响。为进一步提高室温下ＣＨ２Ｃｌ２的降解,在反应器中加入ＢａＴｉＯ３为催化剂,在高压脉冲电场下,ＢａＴｉＯ３受激产生局部电晕,增强了电晕放电流性,提高了反应活性,ＣＨ２Ｃｌ２的转化率达９０％以上。     

脉冲电晕放电对印染废水脱色效果的实验研究

用高压毫微秒脉冲产生直接与废水接触的非平衡等离子体,能使屯染废水在处理数１０秒内脱除颜色。对模拟印染废水的实验研究表明,当脉冲峰值电压达３８ｋＶ时,脱 不受试样ＰＨ值影响,在处理４０ｓ后,脱色率达９５％以上,当脉冲峰值电压较低时,脱色率与试样ＰＨ值有关,中性试样的脱色率较低,处理４０ｓ后脱色率在４０－５０％,而当ＰＨ〈４或ＰＨ〉７时,处理４０ｓ后脱色率最高也可达８０％以上。试样中加入ＮａＣｌ和Ｎａ     

电晕放电等离子体烟气脱硫放电极的试验研究

目前,我国的SO2污染已经非常严重,所以削减SO2的排放量是今后环保工作的重点。探求技术上先进、经济上合理的脱硫技术是现阶段环保领域广泛关注的焦点之一。电晕放电等离子脱硫技术是一项新颖的,极有发展前途的干法烟气处理技术。在电晕放电脱硫试验中,考察四种电极在直流电源和脉冲电源下的放电性能。结果表明,相同条件下,脉冲电源的脱硫效率高于直流电源。对比四种不同电极的放电性能,其它条件相同情况下,喷嘴电极的脱硫效率最高,锯齿电极脱硫效率次之,角钢芒刺电极脱硫效率第三,星型线电极脱硫效率最低。其原因为放电性能主要取决于放电极的曲率半径。当氨气从放电极喷出时,烟气脱硫效率高于氨气从烟气入口进入的状况。     

脉冲放电粒子荷电机理的研究

脉冲电晕放电在脉冲期间产生大量的高能电子，形成粒子在电场中的电子荷电．依据粒子附近的电子密度Ｂｏｌｔｚｍａｎ分布和电子在粒子表面传输的速率方程，在电子的动能大于或等于粒子表面势垒能的边界条件基础上得到粒子在脉冲电晕场中粒子荷电的速率方程，并利用龙格库塔法求解荷电速率方程得到粒子在脉冲放电条件下的荷电量．计算结果表明脉冲放电下的粒子荷电量平均是直流电晕放电的离子荷电量的１８倍，最大荷电量是０５—１５μｍ范围内的粒子，荷电量是直流电晕的２６倍．这一结果不仅与Ｄａｖｉｄ的粒子自由电子荷电理论结果相似，而且与微细粒子电子荷电量测试结果基本一致．     

烟气净化用防腐涂料导电特性的实验研究

对电晕放电烟气净化设备用防腐涂料的导电特性进行了实验研究,涂层导电机理为渗流、隧道效应和场致发射综合作用。涂层比电阻随填料粒度的增大,添加量的增加显著下降。随温度增加,涂层比电阻有所上升,在95～110℃以后下降。涂料的比电阻为103～104Ω.cm量级。     

Removal of adhesive dusts from flue gas using corona discharges with spraying water

Effective removal of adhesive and fine dusts from flue gas is very difficult. A new method of electrostatic precipitation of the corona discharges with spraying water(CDSW) was introduced. A new electrode configuration and the circulation spraying of water were employed in the method. The efficient electrostatic precipitation for adhesive and fine dusts can be accomplished without any drain water during a long operating period. The fundamental structure, discharge characteristics, mechanism of spraying and precipitation principle of the electrostatic precipitation using CDSW were described and analyzed. The V-I characteristics, spraying state, supplying water quantity, influence of temperature and clean of the electrodes were researched in series experiments. The treating effects of circulating spraying using the corona plasma at the same time of electrostatic precipitation were investigated. The fundamental theories and experimental data were proposed, in order to effectively remove the adhesive dusts from flue gas using CDSW in practice.     

脉冲放电法消除汞蒸气的实验研究

利用窄脉冲电方法来消除垃圾焚烧炉烟气中的汞蒸气，并进行了１０ｍ＾３／ｈ烟气的工业性实验，汞蒸气的减少率η随气体温度的增加而减小，并与气体在电场中的停留时间ｔ、脉冲电压频率ｆ以及电晕功率Ｐ有关系式η１－ｅｘｐ（－ｋｆＰｔ）成立，对于初始浓度为２ｍｇ／ｍ＾３的汞蒸气，在一定条件下可达１００％的消除率。