太湖竺山湾缓冲带两种人工草林土壤反硝化作用比较

在太湖竺山湾缓冲带选取两种人工草林(杨树灌木混合林和纯杨树林),对其林床地表径流、林下土壤水和林下地下水进行了为期1 a的观测,比较了土壤反硝化作用.结果表明:①两种人工草林林下土壤生化性质、w(有机碳)以及各形态氮质量分数在1 m深度内垂向剖面上的分布大致相同;②两种人工草林内地下水中的ρ(NO₃--N)在1 a之内都没有明显升高趋势,显示反硝化作用在土壤水的入渗过程中有效削减了NO₃--N,并阻止了其向地下水的迁移;③在垂直剖面上,两种人工草林土壤水中ρ(NO₃--N)在40 cm深度处出现峰值,同深度处的ρ(DO)(低至0.08 mg/L)、E_h(氧化还原电位,0~18 mV)也较低,说明40 cm深度附近可能发生了耦合的硝化-反硝化作用;④在垂直剖面上,两种人工草林土壤中反硝化势和反硝化菌数均在40 cm深度附近出现峰值,虽然杨树灌木混合林土壤反硝化势[2.1 mg/(kg·h)]是纯杨树林[1.1 mg/(kg·h)]的2倍,但两种人工草林土壤中实际的反硝化速率受ρ(NO₃--N)的限制,没有明显的差别.研究显示,两种人工草林土壤都在40 cm深度附近存在反硝化活跃带.      

固定底物酶底物法与多管发酵法和快速纸片法测定水中粪大肠菌群(耐热大肠菌群)的比较

采用酶底物法和多管发酵法及快速纸片法,比对分析了分组环境水样中的大肠菌群,采用无菌水和标准菌种ATCC 25922(大肠埃希菌)标准菌种检验3种方法的假阳性率与假阴性率,结果表明,固定底物酶底物法与多管发酵法用于水中粪大肠菌群(耐热大肠菌群)检测结果具有一致性。     

一种改进型60GHz双层微带天线的设计与仿真

微带天线和常用的微波天线相比,有体积小、重量轻、低剖面、易共形等特点。但是他的窄频带特性成了限制其广泛应用的主要障碍,因此,展宽微带天线的带宽具有十分重要的意义。本文通过减小介质介电常数,增大介质厚度,并最终采用双层微带天线的方法,设计了一个60GHz的双层微带天线,拓展带宽到6GHz。     

Effect of buffer strips and soil texture on runoff losses of flufenacet and isoxaflutole from maize fields

The influence of buffer strips and soil texture on runoff of flufenacet and isoxaflutole was studied for two years in Northern Italy. The efficacy of buffer strips was evaluated on six plots characterized by different soil textures; two plots had Riva soil (18.6% sand, 63.1% silt, 18.3% clay) while the remaining four plots had Tetto Frati (TF) soil (37.1% sand, 57% silt, 5.9% clay). Additionally, the width of the buffer strips, constituted of spontaneous vegetation grown after crop sowing, was also compared for their ability to abate runoff waters. Chemical residues in water following runoff events were investigated, as well as their dissipation in the soil. After the first runoff events, concentrations of herbicides in water samples collected from Riva plots were as much as four times lower in waters from TF plots. On average of two growing seasons, the field half-life of flufenacet in the upper soil layer (5 cm) ranged between 8.1 and 12.8 days in Riva soil, 8.5 and 9.3 days in TF soil. Isoxaflutole field half-life was less than 1 day. The buffer strip was very affective by the uniformity of the vegetative cover, particularly, at the beginning of the season. In TF plots, concentration differences were generally due to the presence or absence of the buffer strip, regardless of its width.     

基于ANSYS的沉降后浇带裂缝成因分析

为了有效治理沉降后浇带裂缝引起的地下工程漏水问题,以云南某工程为例,使用理论分析与有限元软件ANSYS建立参数模型相结合的方法对后浇带裂缝进行分析,探究后浇带裂缝成因及发展趋势,结果表明:该工程后浇带在荷载作用下产生裂缝的理论最大宽度为0.1 mm,潜在的裂缝发展区域的发展值均小于0.3 mm,实际工程中无须对潜在裂缝...     

大型露天煤矿开发的生态影响评价

本文从生态学观点出发,综合评价了露采矿区的生态现状、开发影响及采取恢复措施后的生态质量。在评价中提出了欧氏空间距离法及路径分析法。该法简便易行,反映了生态系统中各因素间相互影响的网络关系。     

Twin-roll casting of aluminum–steel clad strips

The results of experiments on twin-roll casting of aluminum–steel clad strips are presented. For the first time this energy-saving production technology for a clad material of this metals combination was implemented. Besides the experimental equipment and processing details, the results of metallographic, electron microprobe and transmission electron microscopy analysis of the aluminum–steel interface are shown. The pack rolling and deep-drawing tests of the twin-roll cast clad strips were performed to check their applicability for a further processing using plastic deformation. In addition adhesive strength of the bond was tested. The performed analysis have shown the formation of a continuous, thin and uniform layer of intermetallic phases on the materials interface of approx. 3 μm thickness having an adhesive strength over 70 MPa.     

T型梁桥损伤肋梁对承载力的影响及其加固研究

针对辽阳市中华大桥局部结构损伤对其承载力影响的问题,通过现场静力试验和损伤检测,得出了系统的现场数据,将该数据与桥梁破坏前的检测数据进行对比,确定结构的主要损伤为预应力T型主梁连接处的肋梁严重破损.用大型三维有限元软件ANSYS中的生死单元技术模拟破坏肋梁,建立了单跨损伤肋梁有限元数值模型,并将有限元数值分析结果与检测...     

凌钢冷轧带钢厂酸洗车间环境治理

对凌钢冷带酸洗线环保方面存在主要问题进行了详细分析,针对不同污染源具体状况,对治理方法分别进行了阐述,对国内中小型带钢酸洗线的环境治理提供了借鉴。     

WATER-ENERGY CONFLICTS IN MONTANA'S YELLOWSTONE RIVER BASIN1

ABSTRACT The abundant, high-quality waters of the Yellowstone River Basin have fostered a strong agricultural-based economy in eastern Montana. The region also contains the nation's largest strippable coal reserves. Numerous conflicts have developed around the mining of coal and in-state conversion of coal into electricity and synthetic fuels – processes that require large volumes of water. Competition for water among industrialists, agriculturalists, and others is a critical state issue. Probable effects of increased water diversions, the nature of water-energy conflicts, and state efforts to control development are discussed.