粪大肠菌群快速测定法在城市地表水监测中的应用

选取苏州地表水体中具有代表性的22个点位采集水样，以纸片法和多管发酵法测定水中粪大肠菌群进行方法比对，达标情况相同，均为64.8％，阳性管率无显著性差异（X^2=0．18，P〉0．05），MPN值也无显著性差异（t=0．01，P〉0．05）。纸片法测定Ⅲ水功能区（t=0.04）较Ⅳ水功能区（t=0．18）效果更好。纸片法快速测定地表水中的粪大肠菌群在苏州地区是适用的。     

基础研究与林火实践

通过介绍森林火灾的双重性分析森林火灾的几个典型现象,探讨了如何对森林火灾进行基础研究和模拟实验。并从着火过程,林火行为,阻炎林带的阻火机理三个方面论述了基础与林火初中之间的关系。     

药芯焊带轧制成形工艺参数实验研究

以典型的矩形断面形状药芯焊带轧制成形过程为研究对象,通过实验测试,得出了成形时主要工艺参数与相对压下量之间的变化规律,为药芯焊带轧制成形工艺设计提供了理论指导。     

PA66GF25尼龙隔热条材料热氧老化性的研究

向PA66GF25尼龙隔热条材料中分别加入三种抗氧剂体系,通过测定样品热氧老化实验后的拉伸强度值,研究不同抗氧剂体系对PA66GF25尼龙隔热条材料耐老化性能的稳定作用。结果表明,三种抗氧体系均提高了材料的耐老化性能,尤其是含有碳自由基捕获剂的三元复配体系。同时,对尼龙隔热条材料的静态使用寿命进行了分析与预测:不含抗氧剂的材料静态使用寿命仅为4.34 a,含三元复配抗氧体系的材料则可高达57.05 a。     

条形基础砂土地基的破坏模型试验

为了研究条形基础砂土地基的剪切破坏形式和承载机理,在相似理论的指导下,进行了一组条形基础砂土地基的模型试验,模拟了砂土地基受荷后产生变形、扩展直到破坏的全过程;测量并分析了地基中不同点处的土压力大小及其分布规律,观测了剪切带的形成和发展过程。结果表明,模型试验能够很好地体现砂土地基变形、破坏的整个过程及其沉降变形特性、地基中各点的真实应力状态及其变化规律,对于研究深基坑变形过程和破坏形态具有应用价值。     

Colloidal gold probe-based immunochromatographic assay for the rapid detection of lead ions in water samples

One-step immunochromatographic assay (ICA) has been developed using colloidal gold-labeled monoclonal antibody probe for the rapid detection of lead ions in water samples. The ICA was based on the theory of competitive reactivity, and the results can be easily judged based on the presence or absence of a red colored test line with visual detection. Under optimal conditions, this method shows high detecting sensitivity with a LOD (limit of detection) of 50 ng/ml. Stability test indicates that the immunochromatographic strips are stable for 8 weeks at room temperature. During practical application, nanometer TiO₂ is used to enrich the lead ions in water samples. The ICA is successfully applied in the measurement of lead ion concentrations in local water samples, and the results are highly consistent with that of ICP-MS. Detecting lead ions with ICA can be done within 4 min and is very useful for the rapid onsite testing.     

汽车电子BCI法与空间辐射法等效性研究

首先通过理论分析了线缆在电场中产生的电流大小,其次使用带状线装置产生均匀场强,通过测量找出线缆感应电流与场强之间的传输函数关系,从而验证了BCI法与空间辐射场的等效性,这为将来我国汽车电子BCI法制定合适的试验限值提供了参考。     

Development of an immunochromatographic assay for the rapid detection of bromoxynil in water

A rapid immunochromatographic one-step strip test was developed to specifically determine bromoxynil in surface and drinking water by competitive inhibition with the nano colloidal gold-conjugated monoclonal antibody (mAb). Bromoxynil standard samples of 0.01–10 mg L⁻¹ in water were tested by this method and the visual limit was 0.06 mg L⁻¹. The assay only required 5 min and one-step by dispensing a drop of sample solution onto a strip. Parallel analysis of water samples with bromoxynil showed comparable results from one-step strip test and ELISA. Therefore, the one-step strip test is very useful as a screening method for qualitative detection of bromoxynil in water.     

Impact of vegetated filter strips on sorbed herbicide concentrations and sorption equilibrium in agricultural plots

The objective was to investigate the impact of vegetated filter strips on exported atrazine and deethylatrazine concentrations [dissolved and sorbed to eroded sediments (>1.5 μm)], the deethylatrazine to atrazine ratio in water and sediments, the ratio of sorbed to dissolved herbicides in runoff and subsurface infiltration as well as field equilibrium state under natural climate during two seasons. We hypothesize that sorption equilibrium was not achieved in 2004 because of the short delay (<24 h) between herbicide application and the first rain event. In 2005, observations suggest that possible changing sorption equilibrium conditions were reached (20 days after atrazine application), especially for eroded sediments submitted to changing environmental conditions in subsurface. If confirmed by other experiments, this will raise the question of the representativeness of laboratory-determined soil sorption coefficients to predict the fate of pesticides.     

Comparison of homologous and heterologous formats in nanocolloidal gold-based immunoassays for parathion residue determination

The effectiveness of homologous and heterologous formats in a nanocolloidal gold-based immunoassay for pesticide residue determination was investigated. Parathion, one of the most toxic organophosphorus pesticides, was used as the target analyte. One-step homologous and heterologous test strips based on a nanocolloidal gold-labeled monoclonal antibody were developed for the rapid detection of parathion residues. The results showed that the heterologous format was more effective than the homologous format, being more sensitive, more specific to parathion and more tolerant of matrix interferences. The best competitive hapten was found to have a moderate heterology and the opposite electronic distribution to the immunizing hapten. The detection limits for parathion using the preferred heterologous strip were 1 μg/L in water samples and 5 μg/kg in soil and food samples.