Box Handling in the Loading and Unloading of Vans

The handling of 2,306 boxes being loaded or unloaded from vans onto or from 4-wheeled trolleys by 31 handlers in a warehouse were characterized. Handling was videotaped and characterized through an analysis grid completed by three trained observers. The following execution parameters were observed: nature of the exertion applied by the upper limbs, plane and direction of the exertion, resulting displacement of the box, grip, use of the lower limbs and the back. Results show that execution parameters used by handlers vary considerably from those usually recommended or studied. For example, symmetric grips were rarely used (4%). The grip was modified during the handling of half the boxes. Significant knee flexion was rarely observed (3% of exertions). Each box was moved by applying an average of . 3.5 different exertions. Exertions were mostly applied in a plane parallel to the shoulders; they were rarely executed in a strict sagittal plane (11%). The implication of these observations are discussed.     

吡唑和吡咯类农药残留检测技术研究进展

吡唑和吡咯类农药具有高效、良好杀菌能力、对环境友好等特点,已经成为当前使用量较大的一类农药.随着该类农药在农业生产中的广泛使用,其残留问题已经引起关注.由于吡唑和吡咯类农药在环境、农作物和食品中痕量存在,最大残留限量值也日益严格,其残留分析便成为了一项重要的工作.本文综述了近年来土壤、蔬菜、蜂蜜、环境水等基体中吡唑和吡咯类农药残留分析的加压溶剂提取、微波辅助萃取、固相萃取、固相微萃取、基质分散固相萃取、QuEChERS法等前处理方法和气相色谱法、液相色谱法及其与质谱联用的色谱检测技术的研究进展,以上前处理技术有机溶剂量小、高效快速、对环境友好,与色谱技术联用后具有灵敏度高、检出限低、精密度高等特点,并对未来的发展进行了展望.     

贵阳市生活垃圾处理现状与对策研究

贵阳市生活垃圾处理存在公众环保意识不强、垃圾处理方式单一、设施落后和资金不足等问题,可从加强宣传与垃圾处理技术研究、推进管理体制建设和制定法律法规等方面改善贵阳市生活垃圾处理现状,以全面落实各项政策,推进城市生活垃圾处理工作,促进城市可持续发展。     

海洋经济预警对策研究——以秦皇岛为例

分析了当前海洋经济现状,以秦皇岛为例建立了海洋经济预警模型宏观与微观指标体系,利用3S技术(全球定位系统GPS、地理信息系统GIS和遥感RS)在海洋资源调查、海洋经济预警、海洋灾害预测等可持续发展核心问题中的应用,提出海洋经济预警的系统模型及对策,以期为海洋经济的发展提供理论依据。     

连云港市发展循环经济的探讨

从连云港市循环经济建设的现状、存在的问题入手，提出了该市发展循环经济的思路以及保障措施。     

Up-to-date Investigation Report on Rural Migrant Workers in China

One year has passed since the Advice on Solving the Problems of Rural Migrant Workers by the State Council was put into practice. The status for rural migrant workers has been improved effectively. Especially, their wages have been increased notably, the problem of default on wage payments has been alleviated, and the services offered to them by governments have been improved. However, some essential problems, such as low income and bad living conditions, have not been changed ultimately. Their strong wishes to become legal urban residents are still far from being realized. Therefore, we should carry out the current policies, make further institutional innovations, increase relevant investments, gradually eliminate institutional barricades, and fund shortage problems that prevent rural migrant workers from becoming legal urban residents, and solve the problems of rural migrant workers thoroughly.     

环境NGO在推进可持续发展中的作用——对日本环境NGO的案例分析

文章主要通过对环境NGO的案例考察分析 ,介绍日本NGO的运作方式和成功经验 ,并对我国NGO发展进行若干思考     

长江三角洲开发区建设与发展的比较研究

长江三角洲是我国沿海规模最大的经济区 ,上海市、江苏沿江的南京、镇江、扬州、泰州、苏州、无锡、常州、南通等八市、浙江省的嘉兴、湖州、杭州、宁波、绍兴、舟山等六市都属于长江三角洲经济区的范围 ,土地总面积 996 87.5km2 ,占全国土地总面积的 1%。 1998年全区人口 74 4 5 .6 9万人 ,GDP总量 12 70 1.39亿元。长江三角洲是我国经济最发达 ,人口分布最密集 ,城市化水平最高的地区之一。阐明了长江三角洲开发区建设和发展的基本特征。指出 ,长江三角洲是我国对外开放最早 ,开发区建设数量最多 ,类型最齐全的地区 ,它拥有经济技术开发区、高新技术开发区、农业现代化园区、旅游度假区和保税区等多种类型。经过多年来的开发建设 ,长江三角洲开发区投资的基础设施环境和社会软环境都很好 ,在招商引资方面取得了巨大成就。这些开发区已经成为了其地方经济新的增长点 ,新的制造业基地 ,高科技发展基地 ,外商投资和跨国公司的集聚地。通过对上海、江苏、浙江各种类型开发区的外商投资规模、产业经济结构、城市建设功能和外向型经济格局的比较 ,揭示了长江三角洲开发区建设和发展的区域差异。明确了上海开发区建设在长江三角洲的龙头地位 ,分析了浙江省开发区建设落后于江苏省的主要原因 ,总结出了愈靠近     

21世纪中国城市化方式转变与对策研究

21世纪之初 ,中国的城市化发展正面临一些新形势 ,必须重新定位城市化战略。本文指出加快城市化步伐 ,重视发展大城市 ,促进城市群的形成与发展 ,有重点地发展小城市 ,是未来中国城市化战略的正确选择     

光催化技术及其在室内空气净化方面研究现状

阐述了光催化技术的基本原理、二氧化钛光催化剂的特性,以及光催化技术在环境保护领域的广阔应用。介绍了中国室内空气污染的现状和甲醛、苯系物等主要污染物的性质与来源。简单讨论了物理法,化学法等主要的室内空气污染处理技术,突出表述了光催化技术的优势。从降解机理、降解效果、反应器应用等3个方面介绍了光催化技术在室内空气净化方面的研究现状。指出了单一技术的不足和联合协同作用的必要性。强调了将研究结果投入实际运用的迫切性,希望真正有效的室内空气净化器尽早普及。