Self-reported wrist and finger symptoms associated with other physical/mental symptoms and use of computers/mobile phones

Recently, computer, mobile phone and Internet use has increased. This study aimed to determine the possible relation between self-reported wrist and finger symptoms (aches, pain or numbness) and using computers/mobile phones, and to analyze how the symptoms are specifically associated with utilizing desktop computers, portable computers or mini-computers and mobile phones. A questionnaire was sent to 15,000 working-age Finns (age 18–65). Via a questionnaire, 723 persons reported wrist and finger symptoms often or more with use. Over 80% use mobile phones daily and less than 30% use desktop computers or the Internet daily at leisure, e.g., over 89.8% quite often or often experienced pain, numbness or aches in the neck, and 61.3% had aches in the hips and the lower back. Only 33.7% connected their symptoms to computer use. In the future, the development of new devices and Internet services should incorporate the ergonomics of the hands and wrists.     

MSWI BA treated with Advanced Dry Recovery: a field scale study on materials’ leaching properties

In many European countries, the environmental properties of waste-derived aggregates are mostly assessed based on laboratory leaching tests such as the standardised percolation tests CEN/TS/14405, ISO/TS 21268-3, or DIN 19528. These tests are conducted under specified conditions, which are similar yet somewhat different from realistic field conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the leaching properties of ADR (Advanced Dry Recovery) recovered MSWI BA in the field in order to understand more about its environmental impacts in actual civil engineering structures. Two field scale studies (a lysimeter and a larger interim storage field study) were constructed and the leachate quality was investigated. These results were then complemented with the results of previously conducted laboratory leaching tests using a liquid to solid ratio (L kg^?1) comparison. The results demonstrated that the leaching behaviours of many potentially harmful substances, such as chloride, copper and antimony, was similar despite the study scale. In addition, this study illustrated the importance of investigating the leaching properties of waste-derived aggregates on a larger scale, even though the uncertainties in such studies may not be easily controlled.     

新疆温室气体排放清单编制浅析

本文旨在介绍温室气体排放清单的编制方法及应用建议,重点介绍了在编制过程中排放因子本地化研究成果,并得到以下结论:新疆温室气体排放清单编制工作已形成常态化机制,相关工作流程已经基本完善;在将来的工作中,可以将温室气体排放结果应用到政策研究和目标考核当中,通过网络化建设和本地排放因子研究进一步提高工作效率和编制水平.     

Evaluation of A Sampling Strategy for Estimation of Long-term Pm2.5 Exposure for Epidemiological Studies

As part of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) PM_2.5 (particles collected with an upper 50% cut point of 2.5 μm aerodynamic diameter) was measured using an EPA-WINS (Environmetal Protection Agency Well Impactor Ninety-six) sampler. The monitoring schedule was restricted to 7 days per month for one year. Simultaneously, during this one year study period a collocated Harvard Impactor (HI) was run on a daily basis in Erfurt, Germany. Here we validated the reliability of annual, seasonal and monthly means estimated using the ECRHS scheme (measurements taken less than 25% of the whole study period) with the ‘true’ long-term averages, which were estimated using all available daily means.The daily PM_2.5 means, obtained by both instruments operated in parallel, were only slightly different (the mean difference between EPA-WINS and HI was 1.8 μg m⁻³ and 2.8 μg m⁻³ for the winter means). The values obtained by the two instruments were highly correlated (r = 0.95).In view of that negligible difference, no additional bias was seen with respect to the annual and the winter means estimated by the two different sampling strategies (the difference was 1.7 μg m⁻³ and 2.7 μg m⁻³, respectively). Monthly means, however, can only be considered to be a crude estimate that may substantially under- or overestimate the true monthly mean value.     

旋流折板厌氧反应器处理城市污水试验研究

为了探讨高效低耗的城市污水处理技术,对厌氧反应器处理城市污水进行了试验研究。试验结果表明:设有回流装置的异波折板穿孔旋流厌氧反应器对COD的去除率高于不设回流装置的异波折板跳跃式厌氧反应器10%以上;通过使出水回流到第5室,回流比为100%时,COD平均去除率为52%;通过调节第3、7室的pH值,可以抑制反应器内有机酸的积累,使出水COD的去除率可达70%。     

环境空气中二氧化硫的自动监测及问题研究

介绍了空气中 SO2 的测定方法脉冲荧光法 ,对有关的问题进行了初步探讨。为正确使用该方法及仪器提供了依据。     

饮用水异味原因、案例分析及检测应对措施

从致异味物质的性质、产生环节和感官类别3个方面,分析了饮用水异味的来源,以及因水厂净水剂、供水管网、工业污染、生活污染、复合污染等产生异味的原因。在对饮用水异味案例进行具体分析的基础上,阐述了致异味物质的检测方法,并提出饮用水异味事件的预防和应对措施。     

高效液相色谱法测定稻田中氰氟草酯

分别对长沙、杭州、长春3处试验田实施氰氟草酯10%水乳剂在稻田环境中的消解动态与最终残留量试验,样品前处理后用高效液相色谱法测定。该方法在5.00μg/L~5 000μg/L范围内线性良好,稻田水方法检出限为0.01 mg/L,土壤、植株、稻米和稻壳检出限为0.05 mg/kg~0.07 mg/kg,加标回收率为78.4%~109%,5次试验结果的RSD为1.6%~7.0%。氰氟草酯10%水乳剂在田水、土壤及水稻植株中的半衰期t1/230 d,属于易消解农药。农药推荐使用剂量下(1 050 g/hm2),3处试验田收获的稻米最终残留量均为未检出。     

酸化破乳法治理辛醇废碱液

采用酸化破乳法治理辛醇废碱液达到了治理目的,治理后的废水,CODCr去除率达到50%,油去除率达到80%以上,治理后的废水进入化工污水场未对化工污水造成任何不利的影响。采用该工艺治理辛醇废碱液在工艺上是可行的。     

水泥回转窑处理废弃化学试剂的实验

实验室或生产中产生的废弃化学试剂是一类危险废物,必须进行特殊处理,用水泥回转窑处置是一种值得推广的方法。通过将实验室常用的8类化学试剂在回转窑实验,表明水泥掺加化学试剂后,水泥熟料xrd图谱相似,主要矿物相没有发生改变;对水泥的7、28d抗压强度的影响较小,熟料试样在其水化28d时各重金属的浸出量都很低,符合国家标准。因此利用水泥回转窑处理废弃化学试剂方法可行,对环境不具危害作用。