基于矢量空间数据的陵水海滨风景名胜规划区生态敏感性评价

以陵水海滨风景名胜规划区为研究区域,通过调查主要生态敏感问题,选取基本农田、生态保护林、自然保护区、河流水库、道路等主要评价指标,建立评价指标体系,并在此基础上,以Are／info为平台,以矢量数据为数据环境,创建了生态敏感性评价模型。结果显示,20．28％和29．37％的规划区处于较敏感区和敏感区,8．85％旅游设施用地和9．54％旅游服务用地处于敏感区。最后提出了在旅游开发过程中,保护生态敏感目标的合理性建议。     

地震灾后重建中的多元化资金支持研究

本文以汶川地震为背景,针对灾后重建资金需求量大、持续时间长的特点,提出灾后重建资金来源应以财政资金为引导,走多元化的道路;并分别从财政资金支持、信贷资金支持、社会资金支持、国外资金支持、保险资金支持、证券市场资金支持的角度进行分析,提出了在财政资金引导下,切实可行的多元化资金支持建议.     

纳米TiO_2-Al_2O_3负载CuMnO_x对甲苯的催化燃烧

研究采用改进的溶胶-凝胶法制备了TiO2-Al2O3复合载体,并用浸渍法制备CuMnOX/TiO2-Al2O3催化剂,通过对甲苯废气催化燃烧的实验,分别考察了Cu-Mn负载量、Cu/Mn摩尔比、焙烧温度及载体对催化剂制备过程及催化剂活性的影响。实验结果表明:活性组分负载量25%,铜锰活性组分的配比Cu:Mn=1:2,焙烧温度500℃是浸渍法制备CuMnOX/TiO2-Al2O3催化剂较佳的工艺条件;XRD衍射图谱表明,500℃下铜锰尖晶石的存在是催化剂催化活性优良的主要原因;由复合载体制备的CuMnOX/TiO2-Al2O3催化剂比单一载体制备的CuMnOX/Al2O3催化剂具有更高的甲苯转化率,其T99比单一载体要低20℃以上。     

中国能源消费碳排放影响因素分析

利用改进的主成分回归分析技术考察1990年以来中国人口和经济因素对化石能源消费碳排放的影响作用。研究发现：以人口总量、人口城市化和居民收入水平为代表的人口因素和以经济规模、产业结构、能耗结构及碳排放强度为代表的经济因素对碳排放均具有显著的正向影响;其中,经济规模和人口总量是能源消费碳排放的关键决定因子。研究结果为国家制订合理的节能减排政策、协调人地关系提供了参考依据。     

Multiple linear regression models of urban runoff pollutant load and event mean concentration considering rainfall variables

Rainfall is an important factor in estimating the event mean concentration (EMC) which is used to quantify the washed-off pollutant concentrations from non-point sources (NPSs). Pollutant loads could also be calculated using rainfall, catchment area and runoff coefficient. In this study, runoff quantity and quality data gathered from a 28-month monitoring conducted on the road and parking lot sites in Korea were evaluated using multiple linear regression (MLR) to develop equations for estimating pollutant loads and EMCs as a function of rainfall variables. The results revealed that total event rainfall and average rainfall intensity are possible predictors of pollutant loads. Overall, the models are indicators of the high uncertainties of NPSs; perhaps estimation of EMCs and loads could be accurately obtained by means of water quality sampling or a long term monitoring is needed to gather more data that can be used for the development of estimation models.     

pUCD-recA重组发光菌构建及对遗传毒性污染物响应作用

基因重组发光菌在水质毒性的评价中具有重要的作用,本研究从分析污染物毒性损伤的机制出发,构建新型pUCD-recA基因重组发光菌.用PCR法从大肠杆菌W3110中扩增recA基因,将其与pGEM-T easy载体连接后测序.测序正确的recA片段及pUCD615载体均用BamHⅠ、EcoRⅠ双酶切,连接后电转化导入宿主菌JM109.挑取克隆,提取质粒用PCR鉴定,阳性克隆再进行测序.将构建成功的pUCD-recA载体转化入大肠杆菌RFM443,加入相应的遗传毒性污染物,观察发光响应作用.结果表明,recA基因PCR扩增出的片段为293 bp,测序结果与GenBank中的recA序列进行BLAST比对,同源性为99%,表明扩增序列正确.与pUCD615载体连接后的测序结果表明,recA基因已正确地插入到pUCD615的多克隆位点,方向和读码框正确,重组发光菌载体构建成功.将构建好的重组载体转化入RFM443宿主菌,加入遗传毒性污染物观察响应效果.丝裂霉素C(MMC)对pUCD-recA重组发光菌诱导效果最好,0.01 mg/L即可有很好的响应曲线;N′-甲基-N′-硝基亚硝基胍(MNNG)则在50~100 mg/...     

For what it's worth: evaluating revealed preferences for green certification

In a case study that examines the outcomes of a flexible information-based policy, we observe how organizations obtain Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design certification. We use a regression discontinuity analysis to identify practices used to upgrade certification tiers. This analysis reveals preferences for green certification strategies and, we argue, intimates the perceived motivations for green certification. We distinguish practices that potentially confer private gains through returns to efficiency and productivity investments, from practices that only provide public benefits. Data show that organizations strategically certify to avoid high-cost resource use, appeal to key stakeholders, and communicate building and organization quality. Builders upgrading to the highest tiers are more likely to deploy practices with private gains. Results suggest a willingness to extend short time horizons associated with energy-efficiency investments in exchange for marketing benefits. Our discussion notes the capacity for certifications to mitigate market barriers associated with the energy-efficiency gap.     

基于广义概念的城市燃气管道泄漏精确定位

为了准确地检测城市燃气管道泄漏,提出了一种基于广义概念的管道泄漏检测定位方法。声发射技术对于管道泄漏的检测、定位是一个极好的工具,但由于泄漏源的传播容易受到周围背景噪声以及复杂工况的影响,其定位误差较大。基于时延估计的互相关信号处理方法被广泛用于管道泄漏检测定位,但由于泄漏应力波传播通道的动态特性,使得源信号在传播过程中会产生波形变化,给互相关函数峰值位置的确定带来困难。由此引入广义相关分析方法,通过对信号进行前置滤波,在一定程度上减少了传播通道动态特性因素对泄漏点定位的不利影响,得到了更为准确的时延估值。在此基础上,通过模拟实验,编写Matlab神经网络代码,构造GRNN模型,进一步预测定位。结果表明,GRNN预测的声发射检测值、互相关定位值以及广义相关定位值,相比之前定位精度分别得到提高,其中基于广义相关的延时估计方法定位最为精确,将该方法用于工程实际中,可以更加精确地定位出泄漏点。     

种族鱼群优化支持向量机序列理论监测尾矿坝

为监测预警尾矿坝的变形位移,提出基于结构风险最小化理论的支持向量机进行学习预测。通过采集有效数据,对时间序列数据进行归一化序列处理,然后采取种族鱼群选择向量机参数,对处理后的数据进行支持向量机回归预测。将该理论应用到某尾矿坝监测系统,得到了较为准确的预测结果,表明该理论充分利用了数据的统计特性,精度和泛化能力都得到了明显提高,可作为尾矿坝监测系统的有效指导。     

Motorcycle safety among motorcycle taxi drivers and nonoccupational motorcyclists in developing countries: A case study of Maoming,South China

Objective: An increasing number of motorcycle taxis have been involved in traffic crashes in many developing countries. This study examines the characteristics of both motorcycle taxi drivers and nonoccupational motorcyclists, investigates the risks they pose to road safety, and provides recommendations to minimize their risks.

Methods: Based on the data collected from a questionnaire survey of 867 motorcycle taxi drivers and 2,029 nonoccupational motorcyclists in Maoming, South China, comparisons were made to analyze differences of personal attributes, attitudes toward road safety, and self-reported behavior of the 2 groups.

Results: Results of the chi-square tests show that not only motorcycle taxi drivers but also nonoccupational motorcyclists in Maoming held poor attitudes toward road safety and both groups reported unsafe driving behavior. There is much room for improving local road safety education among all motorcyclists in Maoming. Yet, motorcycle taxi drivers were more likely to pose road safety risks than nonoccupational motorcyclists under some circumstances, such as speeding late at night or early in the morning, not requiring passengers to wear helmets, and running a red light. The results of the binary logistic regression model show that possessing a vehicle license for a motorcycle or not was the common significant predictor for unsafe driving behavior of motorcycle taxi drivers and nonoccupational motorcyclists. Therefore, enforcement against all motorcyclists not showing vehicle licenses for their motorcycles should be stepped up.

Conclusion: Motorcycle safety is largely poor in Maoming. Therefore, efforts to improve motorcycle safety should be strengthened by targeting not only motorcycle taxi drivers but also nonoccupational motorcyclists.