硒与氟离子对美丽猛水蚤的联合毒性

为了探讨硒氟共存的毒性变化机制,按硒与氟离子１：１０、１：２０、和１：３０三个浓度配比进行硒与氟对美丽猛水蚤的联合毒性实验,结果表明,硒与氟对美丽猛水蚤的单一毒性：９６ｈ Ｓｅ＾４＋ＬＣ５０为９．２（７．４－１５）ｍｇ／Ｌ,９６ｈ Ｆ＾－ＬＣ５０为２９０（２８４－２９６）ｍｇ／Ｌ;硒与氟的联合毒性为拮抗作用,美丽猛水蚤是毒物联合毒性研究的优秀实验生物,毒性单位法及相加指数法都是测定水中毒物联合毒性     

不同背景气体下非平衡等离子体去除NO实验

设计了一套高压电源和柱-筒反应器装置,在不同的背景气体下进行了介质阻挡放电脱硝的实验研究,主要探讨了放电电压、含氧量、停留时间和功率对NO去除率的影响.结果表明:不同背景气体下,放电电压在一定的范围内(氩气:5～7kV;氮气:9～11kV)对NO脱除率有较大影响;氧气的加入对不同背景气体下的脱硝率都有影响,对氩气背景下的NO去除率影响最大;停留时间的增加有利于NO的去除,当停留时间增加到某一个值(7s)后,NO的去除率变化逐渐平缓;达到相同的去除率,氩气背景下的功率远远小于氮气背景,功率的增加有利于NO的去除;合理选择背景气体有利于NO去除率的提高和能耗的降低.     

基于Copulas函数的多维干旱变量联合分布

通过构建多变量联合分布进行干旱分析,可揭示干旱的演变规律.根据新疆乌鲁木齐和石河子气象站的长系列月降水资料,提取干旱历时、干旱烈度和烈度峰值3个干旱特征变量,基于4种对称的Archimedean Copulas函数分别构建二维、三维干旱变量的联合分布;基于5种非对称的Archimedean Copulas函数构建三维干旱变量的联合分布,以进一步推求各自的重现期.经拟合优度检验,Frank Copula 函数对干旱历时和干旱烈度、干旱历时和烈度峰值的二维联合分布的拟合度最好;Clayton Copula 函数对于干旱烈度和烈度峰值的二维联合分布以及干旱历时、干旱烈度和烈度峰值的三维联合分布拟合效果最佳.单变量的重现期介于二维、三维变量联合重现期与同现重现期之间.表明Copulas函数能描述多维干旱特征变量的联合分布.     

前伏不同角度富水溶洞下节理隧道最小防突层厚度研究

为研究前伏不同角度富水溶洞下节理隧道最小防突层厚度,基于断裂力学和弹性力学理论,分析节理裂隙在开挖扰动和岩溶水压共同作用下的扩展起裂机理,建立隧道围岩节理翼裂纹扩展模型,将防突层厚度分为扰动带厚度和节理带厚度,提出含节理隧道掌子面最小防突层厚度计算方法;根据算例分析不同方位溶洞下节理长度、节理倾角、掌子面开挖大小等参数...     

Use of the Contingent Valuation Method in the assessment of a landfill mining project

A comprehensive approach for the evaluation of the economic feasibility of landfill mining (LFM) should take into account not only the direct costs and revenues for the private investor, but also the social benefits or costs (generally called externalities), in such a way that projects generating major social benefits (and no significant private revenues) are not overlooked.With a view to contributing to the development of a common framework for the evaluation of LFM projects, this paper presents the results of a case study where the issue of the assessment of social benefits from a LFM project is addressed. In particular, the Contingent Valuation Method is applied for the monetary assessment of the community-perceived benefits from the remediation of an old uncontrolled waste deposit by means of LFM and the conversion of the area into a park.Based on the results of a survey carried out on a random sample of people living near the old landfill, the economic values of the individual willingness to pay (WTP) for LFM and the subsequent creation of a public park were calculated and the correlations with the relevant variables (distance from the landfill site, age, income, sex, education level) assessed. The results were then suitably extended and the monetary value of the welfare increase of the whole population resident in the area and potentially affected both by LFM and the creation of the park was calculated.     

Second trimester diagnosis of Neu Laxova syndrome

This is the first report of a prenatally diagnosed case of Neu Laxova syndrome (NLS) from India. This also includes a case of NLS in monochorionic diamniotic twins and two more cases in which we were able to detect most of the features of NLS as early as 19 to 20 weeks by routine antenatal ultrasonography. Severe intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), microcephaly, central nervous system (CNS) abnormality, joint contractures, and abnormal facies are the major diagnostic features observed in prenatal ultrasonography. Risk factors such as consanguinity and history of intrauterine death or stillbirth in siblings have been noted in all the cases, but none of the three families that were reported had previously had an affected fetus. The spectrum of skin manifestations and frequency of occurrence of major clinical features of the syndrome have been discussed. Review of the literature on NLS and possibility of detecting the syndrome in the second trimester is discussed. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

负压反吹布袋除尘器三通换向阀的研究与应用

本文介绍负压反吹风布袋除尘器中一种新型的三通换向阀.该阀门具有结构简单、密封性能好,切换迅速、维修方便等特点.     

传动轴万向节叉精密成形研究与试验

采用三维有限元法对万向节叉锻件热挤压成形过程进行了数值模拟仿真分析。针对其成形过程中出现的缺陷进行模具优化设计。生产实践表明 ,改进后的模具结构从根本上解决了改进前出现的充不满及形状尺寸不能满足要求的问题 ,并且提高了材料利用率 ,延长了模具寿命 ,降低了工人劳动强度 ,同时工件获得较高的尺寸和形状精度 ,较好的纤维流向和机械性能     

The Monitoring,Evaluation, Reporting and Verification of Climate Change Projects

Because of concerns with the growing threat of global climate change from increasing emissions of greenhouse gases, the United States and other countries are implementing, by themselves or in cooperation with one or more other nations, climate change projects. These projects will reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions or sequester carbon, and will also result in non-GHG benefits (i.e., environmental, economic, and social benefits). Monitoring, evaluating, reporting, and verifying (MERV) guidelines are needed for these projects to accurately determine their net GHG, and other, benefits. Implementation of MERV guidelines is also intended to: (1) increase the reliability of data for estimating GHG benefits; (2) provide real-time data so that mid-course corrections can be made; (3) introduce consistency and transparency across project types and reporters; and (4) enhance the credibility of the projects with stakeholders. In this paper, we review the issues involved in MERV activities. We identify several topics that future protocols and guidelines need to address, such as: (1) establishing a credible baseline; (2) accounting for impacts outside project boundaries through leakage; (3) net GHG reductions and other benefits; (4) precision of measurement; (5) MERV frequency and the persistence (sustainability) of savings, emissions reduction, and carbon sequestration; (6) reporting by multiple project participants; (7) verification of GHG reduction credits; (8) uncertainty and risk; (9) institutional capacity in conducting MERV; and (10) the cost of MERV.     

黄土高原主要农作物水分盈亏与雨养农业问题

黄土高原在气候上属亚湿润向半干旱的过渡地区。水分缺乏是农业生产的重要限制因素。本文围绕降水和蒸发,主要作物的需水和降水间的相互关系,农田干湿状况和水分盈亏额进行了分析讨论。认为,发展雨养农业应该是黄土高原农业生产的一条基本方针;在雨养农业作物的选择上,除谷子可以在全区种植外,其他作物受地区局限性很大;发挥雨养农业生产潜力的基本途径应该是增加土壤水分含量和提高土壤有效水分的利用系数,为达到这一目的宜采用平整土地、增施肥料等一系列农业措施。