PVA大孔载体固定化微生物SBBR脱氮

用课题组研究开发的纳米复合聚氨酯大孔载体固定化微生物SBR脱氮.SBR一个运行周期按进水5 min,曝气2.5 h,沉淀l h,排水30min的方式连续进行.系统稳定后,考察其脱氮效率,结果表明,进水COD为30～l00mg/L,经过一个周期,出水COD达到饮用水一级标准;进水NH4+-N的浓度为4.5～24.2mg....     

混合填料生物接触氧化法处理生活污水的研究

采用混合型(火山岩和陶瓷环)填料生物接触氧化工艺处理实际生活污水,研究了混合型填料挂膜情况,不同HRT、DO和进水COD浓度对水质净化效果的影响。实验结果表明:混合型填料挂膜效果好,15 d后反应器达到稳定状态,对COD的去除率达到75%以上;在水温为20~32℃,HRT为12 h,DO为5~6 mg/L的条件下,对COD、氨氮、TN和TP的平均去除率分别达到了75.8%、71.8%、45.9%和35.7%;当进水COD浓度为100~400 mg/L时,各个指标的去除率随着COD浓度的升高而升高,可见进水COD浓度会对污水净化效果产生影响。     

不同水环境下苦草腐解对水质的影响

为探究沉水植物在不同水环境下的腐解对水质的影响,在实验室条件下分别模拟不同生物量沉水植物苦草在高纯水、上覆水及底泥悬浮液环境下的腐解过程及其对水体水质的影响,并分别讨论了N、P等含量在底泥和上覆水环境下的差异性.结果表明:① 随着时间的推移,苦草腐解均会导致上覆水及底泥悬浮液中pH先降后升,ρ（DO）急剧降低.在上覆水环境中,pH自7.8降至7.2,再增至8.7;与试验初期相比,ρ（DO）在第10天降低了56%.在底泥悬浮液中,pH自7.8降至7.3,再增至8.3;在第10天ρ（DO）降低了近60%.② 在上覆水及底泥悬浮液中,苦草腐解以释放有机氮为主,NH₃-N次之;ρ（TP）在试验前期呈先升后降趋势,但在试验中期底泥悬浮液环境中ρ（TP）则呈动态平衡,约为1 mg/L.③ 不同生物量（0.1、0.2、0.4 g/L）的苦草腐解后水环境中的营养盐含量有所不同,其中ρ（COD_Cr）、ρ（TP）与生物量呈正相关,在试验前期ρ（TN）、ρ（NO₂--N）随着峰值的增大而增大.研究显示,苦草腐解对两种水环境的物化性质有着相似的影响,而对其主要营养盐氮、磷形态的变化有着显著性的差异.      

掺杂ZrO_2、TiO_2、γ－Al_2O_3对Pt、Pd／Al_2O_3燃烧

运用ＸＲＤ、ＢＥＴ、ＤＴＡ等测试技求，研究并考察了掺杂ＺｒＯ＿２、ＴｉＯ＿２、ｒ－Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３对Ｐｔ－Ｐｄ／Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３燃烧催化剂性能的影响，结果表明，ＺｒＯ＿２对Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３晶相的γ型转为α型有明显的抑制作用，而ＴｉＯ＿２的添入则起促进作用；高温引起催化剂活性下降的主要原因是作为第一载体的Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３的比表面积和孔容减少以及Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３晶态从γ型转为α型所造成的。     

Carrier detection of duchenne muscular dystrophy through analysis of dna from deciduous teeth of a dead affected child

The sister of a child affected by Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) was referred for genetic counselling to assess the risk of her being a carrier. Her brother had died 15 years previously at the age of 8. There were no other affected males in the family. There were no methods for DNA investigation at the time of the child's death and the family had never been studied for linkage with polymorphic probes on the chromosomal region Xp21. The only tissue from which an assessment of the risk could be made by DNA linkage analysis was two of the child's deciduous teeth that the parents had kept. DNA was extracted using a protocol described for the recovery of ancient DNA from museum specimens and archaeological finds. Multiplex amplification did not reveal deletions in 19 exons spanning the hot-spot regions for deletions within the dystrophin gene in Xp21. Linkage analysis using three highly polymorphic microsatellites demonstrated that the sister had not received the X chromosome borne by her brother. These results show that DNA extracted from teeth is a reliable source for molecular diagnosis.     

DNA-based prenatal carrier detection for group a xeroderma pigmentosum in a chorionic villus sample

DNA-based prenatal carrier detection of group A xeroderma pigmentosum (XP-A) is reported. Chorionic villus sampling was done at the tenth gestational week in a pregnant woman whose first child suffers from XP-A. Genomic DNAs from the villi, proband, and parents were PCR (polymerase chain reaction)-amplified using three sets of primers, because the PCR and a subsequent enzyme digestion with HphI, AlwNI, or MseI may detect the three most frequent mutations of the XP-A complementing gene (XPAC) in Japanese XP-A patients. The results showed that the proband is a homozygote and that the parents and fetus are heterozygotes for a base substitution at the 3′ acceptor site of intron 3 of XPAC, indicating that the fetus is a healthy carrier of XP-A. This is the first case of prenatal carrier detection of the disorder.     

以腐朽木为碳源去除废水中硝酸盐氮的研究

采用室内装置研究了腐朽木的碳源释放规律,并考察其作为碳源和反应介质的水解-反硝化生物反应器对污水中硝酸盐氮的去除效果.结果表明,腐朽木可有效地释放碳源物质,接种腐殖质组腐朽木释放COD和挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)总量分别是灭菌组的2.3倍和5倍;室温25℃±1℃,进水NO-3-N浓度为30 mg/L,水力停留时间为12 h时,水解-反硝化反应器可获得很好的反硝化效果,保持去除率80%以上稳定运行46 d后,出水硝酸盐氮逐步升高,运行过程中未发现亚硝氮累积.     

工业废水处理中应用磁性载体技术的研究

本文介绍了采用磁性载体与A／O联合工艺处理南京金陵石化研究院中试车间产生的含表面活性剂废水技术。采用磁性载体取代一般填料对MBBR工艺进行改良,磁性载体完成挂膜后,微生物的活性明显提高污水处理厂处理能力大幅提升。对比不同工艺处理相同污水时,改良MBBR工艺能保证污水能够平稳达标排放,同时提高了污水处理效率,降低了污水处理厂运行成本,提高了污水处理能力。     

几种复合载体材料固定化活性污泥的性能及在废水中的应用

制备了几种复合载体材料固定化活性污泥小球,比较了固定化活性污泥的性能及对废水COD的去除率。结果表明,固定化活性污泥比游离态的活性污泥对废水COD的去除率高,其中藻酸钠复合活性炭及壳聚糖复合硅藻土固定化活性污泥对废水COD的去除率较好,当取代度为1.54的羧甲基壳聚糖复合硅藻土固定化活性污泥,废水COD去除率最大4,8 h去除率可达61.2%。