首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   618篇
  免费   42篇
  国内免费   112篇
安全科学   6篇
废物处理   11篇
环保管理   154篇
综合类   187篇
基础理论   229篇
环境理论   1篇
污染及防治   75篇
评价与监测   50篇
社会与环境   59篇
  2023年   5篇
  2022年   15篇
  2021年   6篇
  2020年   16篇
  2019年   13篇
  2018年   17篇
  2017年   27篇
  2016年   28篇
  2015年   23篇
  2014年   28篇
  2013年   80篇
  2012年   30篇
  2011年   48篇
  2010年   33篇
  2009年   30篇
  2008年   29篇
  2007年   39篇
  2006年   35篇
  2005年   30篇
  2004年   26篇
  2003年   26篇
  2002年   25篇
  2001年   27篇
  2000年   18篇
  1999年   13篇
  1998年   11篇
  1997年   11篇
  1996年   10篇
  1995年   10篇
  1994年   9篇
  1993年   3篇
  1992年   4篇
  1991年   3篇
  1990年   2篇
  1989年   4篇
  1988年   10篇
  1987年   3篇
  1986年   4篇
  1985年   1篇
  1981年   2篇
  1980年   2篇
  1979年   4篇
  1978年   2篇
  1977年   1篇
  1976年   2篇
  1974年   1篇
  1973年   1篇
  1972年   2篇
  1971年   3篇
排序方式: 共有772条查询结果,搜索用时 699 毫秒
11.
海洋赤潮毒素对鱼类的毒害   总被引:23,自引:5,他引:23  
介绍了上前产生鱼毒素(ichthyotoxin)的主要海洋藻类,现有的研究结果表明:鱼毒素主要包括:麻痹性贝毒(PSP)、短裸甲藻毒素(BTX)、溶血性毒素(hemolytic toxin)、细胞性毒素(cytotoxin)和氨等。1997年底在南海东部海域及1998年春在珠江口和香港海域爆发的大规模赤潮即为能产生鱼毒素的球状棕囊藻(Phaeocystiscf.globosa)和米氏裸甲藻(Gym  相似文献   
12.
在长沙县百倍冲水库进行多年的试验研究结果表明,开发利用库内长期荒芜的大片消落区种植黑麦草;荒山堤坝上种植扁穗牛鞭草、岸杂一号狗牙根、皇草、幼林间种植鸡脚草、拉丁鲁白三叶等饲草配套养鱼和防止水土流失、防淤减积试验获得成功。库内鲜鱼产量由种草前常年1000kg提高到7000~8000kg,泥砂淤积量每年减少0.516×104m3,经济生态效益显著。  相似文献   
13.
白洋淀水体、底泥及鲫鱼体内DDT、BHC污染状况研究   总被引:29,自引:0,他引:29  
对白洋淀水体、底泥及鲫鱼肌肉中的DDT及其衍生物和BHC的残留量进行了测定研究,分别给出含量范围.研究表明,鱼体肌肉中BHC的4种异构体的含量顺序(δ>α>γ>β)与其在水和底泥中的含量顺序(α>γ>δ>β)略有不同.鱼体肌肉中DDT主要以代谢物P,P′DDE形式存在.两种农药的污染具有明显的地域差异,位于府河入淀口及村庄附近的水体、底泥及鱼体肌肉中DDT及其衍生物,BHC含量较高,与1975—1977年检测结果相比,鲫鱼肌肉中DDT及其衍生物残留量下降了542%,BHC下降了869%.  相似文献   
14.
用~(14)C标记法研究呋喃丹在水稻-鱼和水稻-萍-鱼两种模拟生态系统中的分布、消失和残留行为。结果表明,由于萍的引入,使在水稻-萍-鱼系统中,田表水中的残留较低,而鱼体中残留较高。结合态残留物是土壤、鱼和植株体中呋喃丹的主要残留形态。  相似文献   
15.
利用生物指示物(鳙鱼)对丹东地区鸭绿江水体中的铅、镉污染进行监测,采具鳙鱼-碳化酸溶-电热原子光谱法对丹东鸭绿江流域鳙鱼体内的铅、镉的含量进行了相关检测,在相同的实验条件下对该地区的水体中的铅、镉的含量进行对比,并对该地区的铅、镉污染进行了相关的评价,通过一年的监测未见超标。铅、镉含量分别为6.53±0.07(ng/g)、4.60±0.03(ng/g);回收率分别为98.9%、103.5%;RSD分别为5.3%、4.1%。  相似文献   
16.
17.
ABSTRACT: Farmers can generate environmental benefits (improved water quality and fisheries and wildlife habitat), but they may not be able to quantify them. Furthermore, farmers may reduce their incomes from managing lands to produce these positive externalities but receive little monetary compensation in return. This study simulated the relationship between agricultural practices, water quality, fish responses to suspended sediment and farm income within two small watersheds, one of a cool water stream and one of a warm water stream. Using the Agricultural Drainage and Pesticide Transport (ADAPT) model, this study related best management practices (BMPs) to calculated instream suspended sediment concentrations by estimating sediment delivery, runoff, base flow, and streambank erosion to quantify the effects of suspended sediment exposure on fish communities. By implementing selected BMPs in each watershed, annual net farm income declined $18,000 to $28,000 (1 to 3 percent) from previous levels. “Lethal” fish events from suspended sediments in the cool water watershed decreased by 60 percent as conservation tillage and riparian buffers increased. Despite reducing suspended sediments by 25 percent, BMPs in the warm water watershed did not reduce the negative response of the fisheries. Differences in responses (physical and biological) between watersheds highlight potential gains in economic efficiency by targeting BMPs or by offering performance based “green payments.”  相似文献   
18.
Small body size is generally correlated with r‐selected life‐history traits, including early maturation, short‐generation times, and rapid growth rates, that result in high population turnover and a reduced risk of extinction. Unlike other classes of vertebrates, however, small freshwater fishes appear to have an equal or greater risk of extinction than large fishes. We explored whether particular traits explain the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List conservation status of small‐bodied freshwater fishes from 4 temperate river basins: Murray‐Darling, Australia; Danube, Europe; Mississippi‐Missouri, North America; and the Rio Grande, North America. Twenty‐three ecological and life‐history traits were collated for all 171 freshwater fishes of ≤120 mm total length. We used generalized linear mixed‐effects models to assess which combination of the 23 traits best explained whether a species was threatened or not threatened. We used the best models to predict the probability of 29 unclassified species being listed as threatened. With and without controlling for phylogeny at the family level, small body size—among small‐bodied species—was the most influential trait correlated with threatened species listings. The k‐folds cross‐validation demonstrated that body size and a random effect structure that included family predicted the threat status with an accuracy of 78% (SE 0.5). We identified 10 species likely to be threatened that are not listed as such on the IUCN Red List. Small body size is not a trait that provides universal resistance to extinction, particularly for vertebrates inhabiting environments affected by extreme habitat loss and fragmentation. We hypothesize that this is because small‐bodied species have smaller home ranges, lower dispersal capabilities, and heightened ecological specialization relative to larger vertebrates. Trait data and further model development are needed to predict the IUCN conservation status of the over 11,000 unclassified freshwater fishes, especially those under threat from proposed dam construction in the world's most biodiverse river basins.  相似文献   
19.
This study was conducted to assess the effects of difenoconazole (DFZ), a triazole fungicide, on the hepatic biotransformation system and its bioaccumulation in marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma). Fish were exposed to DFZ (1, 10, 100, 1000 ng/L) for 180 days. The results showed that: (1) The mRNA levels of hepatic CYP1A1, CYP1B, CYP1C1, CYP27B and CYP3A40 were up-regulated, but those of CYP3A38 and CYP27A1 were down-regulated. (2) The activity of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) and the content of reduced glutathione (GSH) in the liver were increased in the DFZ-treated groups, and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity was increased in the 100 and 1000 ng/L groups. (3) DFZ was accumulated in the muscle and the biological concentration factors in the 10, 100, and 1000 ng/L groups were respectively 149, 81 and 25. These results suggested that long-term exposure to DFZ at low concentrations would result in a bioaccumulation of this compound and disturb the biotransformation system.  相似文献   
20.
海水鱼类网箱养殖的环境效应及多营养层次的综合养殖   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
海水鱼类网箱养殖是世界主要渔业国家(如挪威、日本等)广泛开展的一种高密度、集约化的养鱼方式,这种养殖方式在给广大从业者带来巨大经济、社会效益的同时,对环境也造成了不可忽视的负面影响。开展多营养层次的综合养殖(IMTA)是缓解这一环境压力的有效途径,鱼类养殖过程中释放出的二氧化碳、氮、磷等物质,由无机提取单元(大型藻类)来吸收,粪便和残饵等微小颗粒则成为有机提取单元(滤食性贝类)的饵料,较大的颗粒物质沉到海底后,可以为腐食性单元(海参等)提供食物,通过这种养殖模式,最大限度地实现系统内营养物质的高效利用,在减轻养殖对环境压力的同时,使系统具有较高的容纳量和食物产出能力。  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号