GE公司EHS绩效变化趋势与内部机制探讨

剖析通用电气Plan(政策/目标)-Do(运营体系)-Check&Act(检查改进)的EHS管理体系框架;通过综合指数法分析各环境、健康和安全绩效指标近年的变化趋势以及采取的管理措施;分析总结GE环境管理和环境质量绩效持续改进的机制与工具:(1)全球统一的EHS管理和运营体系;(2)自上而下的EHS培训与自下而上的沟通;(3)数字化的EHS管理工具;(4)严格的EHS审计保证机制;(5)强烈的企业公民责任意识和EHS文化,为国内企业建立和完善EHS管理和运营体系所借鉴。     

UASB+AF处理维生素C废水的研究

采用有效容积为６ｍ３的ＵＡＳＢ＋ＡＦ反应器处理维生素Ｃ高浓度有机废水,结果表明：稳定运行容积负荷可达１０—１２ｋｇＣＯＤ／（ｍ３·ｄ）ＣＯＤ去除率大于８０％,容积产气率大于３．０Ｎｍ３／（ｍ３·ｄ）,并具有启动速度快和较强耐冲击负荷的能力。     

基于指标规范值的地表水水质的模糊综合评价

传统的模糊综合评价法用于地表水水质评价,当指标数较多时需要设计很多隶属函数,设计和计算工作量皆很大,实际使用不便。在设定指标参照值和规范变换式基础上,将指标按各级标准规范值相近程度进行适当分类,只需分类设计隶属函数即可,大幅减少了计算工作量,使模糊综合评价法应用于地表水水质评价变得简化。     

综合孔径微波辐射计信道误差补偿研究

在一维综合孔径微波辐射计的理想信道仿真模型基础上对接收机信道的非理想特性进行分析并建立仿真模型,该模型包含了信道间的串扰、不平衡度、乘法器前端输入失衡等多种误差因素,最后从相位误差和系统噪声对干涉相关测量产生的贡献入手,提出有效抑制误差的亮温补偿方法,进而得到更接近真实亮温分布的反演结果.     

The formation of aerobic granular sludge for the treatment of real landfill leachate using a granular sequencing batch reactor at a constant volume

Leachate generated in a landfill may not be treated by conventional biological treatment due to its nature and complexity. The process of forming aerobic granules in batch sequencing reactors having features such as; reducing the settling process time and saving energy consumption and high decomposition rate have been noticed by researchers. In the present study, the structure of sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) was evaluated for the formation of granules, which were subsequently utilized for the treatment of landfill leachate. The experiment was initiated by using the GSBR, containing 1200 ml with different apparatuses, to develop granular sludge, and synthetic wastewater was added to reinforcement. The selected parameters for the operational hydraulic retention time (HRT) of the wastewater (6-h cycles) included feeding, idle, aeration, settling, and discharge. Furthermore, the controlled conditions were the dissolved oxygen (DO) range of 2–2.2 mg/L, temperature range of 20–23℃, and pH of 7.5–8.3. The chemical oxygen demand (COD), mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS), and sludge volume index (SVI) daily were measured at the influent and effluent of GSBR reactor. The main properties of aerobic granular sludge were identified during the research procedures, and the remarkable settling and potent, high-density microbial structure of the granules were confirmed. The mean size of the formulated granules was estimated at 7.46 ± 1.8 mm, and the volume of the biomass also increased from approximately 1607 to 4137 mg/L through the granulation process. Moreover, 98% of the influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) could be removed by the formulated granular sludge, and the final-stage organic loading rate was estimated at 5.65 COD/m³/day. According to the results, GSBRs could be employed for the formulation of aerobic granular sludge for the treatment of landfill leachate.     

Indian dye yielding plants: Efforts and opportunities

The present review article deals with the information on the dye‐yielding plants of India. Dyes are intensively coloured compounds that are applied to a substrate such as fibre, paper, cosmetics, hair, etc. to give colours and can be extracted from the roots, fruits/berries, bark, leaves, flowers, and stem/wood, fungi, and lichens by various processes of extractions. In addition to their dye‐yielding characteristics, many of these plants possess medicinal values and can be used for multiple other purposes. Plant derived‐colours have an important role in human life because of their safe and eco‐friendly nature. But due to the availability of economically cheaper synthetic dyes, the indigenous knowledge of extraction, processing, and proper utilisation has been diminished. Nowadays, the demand for natural dyes has been increased worldwide due to awareness about their beneficial properties. It has been essential that proper documentation and measure of conservation should be undertaken to preserve these natural dye‐yielding plants. This review article is an aid to a collective inquiry into Indian dye plants.     

高海拔排土场边坡安全稳定性SBAS-InSAR监测

为解决高海拔排土场边坡安全稳定性监测中常规监测仪器布置和人员值守的高投入、高风险问题,分析西藏山南桑日县某排土场边坡25景Sentinel-1A数据,利用短基线集合成孔径雷达干涉测量(SBAS-InSAR)技术监测终了排土场边坡从2018年11月4日-2020年12月23日期间的地表形变,采用基线估计状态空间模型、自适...     

亚硝态氮胁迫对日本蟳消化酶活力及同工酶表达的影响

亚硝态氮是养殖水体中常见的胁迫因子.为探讨亚硝态氮对养殖蟹类的毒性作用,采用生物酶测定及聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳的方法,研究了水体中不同浓度(0.15,0.3,2,5,10,20mg/L)亚硝态氮胁迫下日本蟳肝胰腺消化酶活力的变化,以及高浓度(20mg/L)亚硝态氮胁迫对日本蟳同工酶表达的影响.结果表明:低浓度(0.15,0.3mg/L)的亚硝态氮胁迫对碱性蛋白酶,酸性蛋白酶,脂肪酶和淀粉酶活力均产生一定的诱导效应,且在处理7d时,除淀粉酶活力略低于对照组外,其他3种消化酶活力仍保持在较高的水平.较高浓度(2,5,10mg/L)亚硝态氮的短期胁迫(0.5~1d)会诱导酸性蛋白酶,碱性蛋白酶和脂肪酶活力的迅速升高,但随即快速下降.高浓度(20mg/L)的亚硝态氮胁迫对蛋白酶和淀粉酶活力表现出明显的抑制效应.处理7d时,胁迫浓度2mg/L及以上的实验组各消化酶活力与剂量浓度间均呈显著负相关关系.20mg/L亚硝态氮胁迫下,除肌肉中新增两条酶带(MDH-2和MDH-4)外,日本蟳鳃,肝胰腺,胃,心脏,卵,精子等组织中的α-淀粉酶(α-AMY)同工酶,乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)同工酶,苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)同工酶和过氧化物酶(POD)同工酶均出现活性减弱或酶带数量减少现象.结果显示高浓度亚硝态氮胁迫对日本蟳消化酶活力和同工酶表达均表现出明显的抑制作用.     

A new polystyrene-latex-based and EPS-containing synthetic sludge

Since the living microorganisms in activated sludge continuously change, it is difficult to conduct controlled experiments and achieve reproducible results for evaluating sludge characteristics. Synthetic sludge, as a chemical surrogate to activated sludge, could be used to investigate the sludge physicochemical properties, and it is desirable to prepare synthetic sludge with similar structure and properties to real activated sludge to explore the flocculation and settlement processes in activated sludge systems. In this work, a high-strength synthetic sludge was prepared with functional polystyrene latex particles as the framework and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) to modify its surface. The flocculation and settling characteristics of the microspheres and the prepared synthetic sludge were tested. Compared with other three functional polystyrene latex microspheres, the synthetic sludge prepared with EPS-modified polystyrene latex microspheres showed good settling characteristics and a significantly higher strength. They could be used for studying the physicochemical properties of activated sludge.     

气相色谱-质谱联用测定母乳中合成麝香

建立了凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)柱和硅胶柱净化,气相色谱-质谱(GC/MS)测定母乳中合成麝香的分析方法.实验结果表明:GC/MS在0.01μg.ml-1到1μg.ml-1的浓度范围内对4种常见合成麝香(佳乐麝香HHCB、吐纳麝香AHTN、二甲苯麝香MX和酮麝香MK)均有良好的线性响应,4种合成麝香的基质加标回收率为76%—115%,相对标准偏差为2.8%—7.4%.利用信噪比(5/1)确定该方法的定性检测限,HHCB,AHTN,MX为5ng.g-1脂重,MK为4ng.g-1脂重,定量检测限为定性检测限的2倍.采用上述方法分析了上海母乳样品中合成麝香的浓度和分布特征,发现母乳中普遍存在这4种合成麝香,浓度分别为HHCB92±70;AHTN16±12;MX26±22;MK16±14ng.g-1脂重,与欧美国家的污染水平相比,总体含量偏低.