发烟硫酸贮罐清洗安全技术

根据事故隐患分析 ,采取安全措施 ,成功地用中和法清洗发烟硫酸贮罐 ,并提出了贮罐的改进措施。     

荧光灯厂醋酸丁酯废气治理

有机废气的化学吸收是使废物重新进入物质循环 ,避免二次污染并产生经济效益的环境工程方法。针对某市荧光灯厂工艺过程 ,分析研究了废气治理的各种方法 ,提出了用氨水吸收醋酸丁酯废气 ,转化生成乙酰胺和丁醇的吸收净化方案 ,并对生成物质进行回收利用     

Analysis of the relationship between ambient levels of O3, NO2 and NO as a function of NOx in the UK

Monitoring data from the UK Automatic Urban and Rural Network are used to investigate the relationships between ambient levels of ozone (O₃), nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) as a function of NO_x, for levels ranging from those typical of UK rural sites to those observed at polluted urban kerbside sites. Particular emphasis is placed on establishing how the level of ‘oxidant’, OX (taken to be the sum of O₃ and NO₂) varies with the level of NO_x, and therefore to gain some insight into the atmospheric sources of OX, particularly at polluted urban locations. The analyses indicate that the level of OX at a given location is made up of NO_x-independent and NO_x-dependent contributions. The former is effectively a regional contribution which equates to the regional background O₃ level, whereas the latter is effectively a local contribution which correlates with the level of primary pollution. The local oxidant source has probable contributions from (i) direct NO₂ emissions, (ii) the thermal reaction of NO with O₂ at high NO_x, and (iii) common-source emission of species which promote NO to NO₂ conversion. The final category may include nitrous acid (HONO), which appears to be emitted directly in vehicle exhaust, and is potentially photolysed to generate HO_x radicals on a short timescale throughout the year at southern UK latitudes. The analyses also show that the local oxidant source has significant site-to-site variations, and possible reasons for these variations are discussed. Relationships between OX and NO_x, based on annual mean data, and fitted functions describing the relative contributions to OX made by NO₂ and O₃, are used to define expressions which describe the likely variation of annual mean NO₂ as a function of NO_x at 14 urban and suburban sites, and which can take account of possible changes in the regional background of O₃.     

有机黏土生物流化床处理对苯二甲酸废水

采用有机黏土为载体的两段三相生物流化床处理对苯二甲酸(TA),研究其处理有机污染物的能力.结果表明,在TA负荷低于3.5kg/(m3穌)时,有机黏土生物流化床能稳定运行,前段出水中TA和总有机碳(TOC)的去除率分别大于97%和96%.在高负荷时,有机黏土生物流化床平均去除率比不加黏土的活性污泥对照床高15%,出水水质也相对稳定.因此,有机黏土生物流化床是一种高效的生物反应器.     

典型酸雨地区森林土壤中不同形态铝的分析

对2个典型酸雨地区森林土壤样品中不同形态的铝进行了检测,结果表明:两地土壤中无定形铝和有机结合铝占主导地位,弱有机结合铝和可交换铝的含量相对较低(约为10%).有机配位体会减弱铝的交换能力,而且这些有机铝配合物大部分是强有机结合态铝;Al3+对其他碱基阳离子有较强的置换能力.土壤的酸度增大,可交换铝和弱有机结合铝的含量增高,不同土层中可交换铝和弱有机结合铝的垂直变化与相应的pH变化相一致.用复合草酸铵法提取无定形和有机态铝的方法机理尚待进一步研究.      

苯基周位酸生产废水处理试验研究

采用CHA－111大孔吸附树脂对苯基周位酸生产过程排放的汽提苯胺盐析废水和苯基周位酸酸析母液进行处理试验,效果良好。汽提苯胺盐析废水苯胺质量浓度＞1600mg／L,经树脂吸附处理后苯胺质量浓度＜2mg／L,苯胺去除率＞99．9％,COD去除率＞97％,树脂工作吸附量达120g／L,脱附率＞98％;苯基周位酸酸析母液经树脂吸附、混凝沉淀处理后,苯基周位酸质量浓度＜190mg／L,苯基周位酸去除率为94．8％,COD去除率为94．3％,氨基值去除率为80％,脱附率＞99％。     

柠檬酸清洁生产工艺的研究

分析了传统檬酸生产工艺存在的污染问题,提出了在柠檬酸生产过程中采用清洁生产技术的各种途径。     

钛白废酸固液分离与综合利用

介绍了湖南株洲化工集团有限责任公司钛白废酸固液分离与综合利用工艺。将钛白废酸固液分离后得到的清废酸用作磷肥生产用硫酸稀释液、钛白酸解工序硫酸稀释液和板框浸取液,取得了较好的经济效益和环境效益。     

柠檬酸生产废水处理技术

分析了柠檬酸生产废水的来源及水质特性,综述了厌氧生物法、厌氧-好氧生物组合法、乳状液膜法等在柠檬酸废水处理中的应用,介绍了中和废水回用和利用柠檬酸发酵废液开发糖化酶制剂的技术。     

PTA废液回收利用技术

介绍了从精对苯二甲酸（PTA）废液中回收醋酸,邻、对苯二甲酸,醋酸钴锰盐的回收工艺。醋酸得率为90％,邻、对苯二甲酸得率为70％,醋酸钴锰盐得率为95％。该技术成熟、合理,具有较好的经济效益和环境效益。