渗透法处理高盐废水的原理及工艺

高浓度含盐废水的主要处理方法有反渗透、离子交换、蒸馏等，目前处理成本比较高。为改变当前高盐废水处理成本居高不下的现状，受渗透的基本原理启发，以分析渗透法处理高盐废水的基本原理为基础，提出渗透法处理高盐废水的新工艺。以溶质氨的设计溶液为例，分析高盐废水处理的新工艺流程及工艺的可行性，井对比反渗透工艺，详细阐述新工艺的特点。经计算分析认为。基于渗透原理的高盐废水处理工艺可降低高盐废水的处理成本，可作为高含盐废水处理方法的一个新的研究方向。     

Life cycle analysis and choice of natural gas-based automotive alternative fuels in Chongqing Municipality,China

Road transport produces significant amounts of emissions by using crude oil as the primary energy source. A reduction of emissions can be achieved by implementing alternative fuel chains. The objective of this study is to carry out an economic, environmental and energy (EEE) life cycle study on natural gas-based automotive fuels with conventional gasoline in an abundant region of China. A set of indices of four fuels/vehicle systems on the basis of life cycle are assessed in terms of impact of EEE, in which natural gas produces compressed natural gas (CNG), methanol, dimethylether (DME) and Fischer Tropsch diesel (FTD). The study included fuel production, vehicle production, vehicle operation, infrastructure and vehicle end of life as a system for each fuel/vehicle system. A generic gasoline fueled car is used as a baseline. Data have been reviewed and modified based on the best knowledge available to Chongqing local sources. Results indicated that when we could not change electric and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles into commercial vehicles on a large scale, direct use of CNG in a dedicated or bi-fuel vehicle is an economical choice for the region which is most energy efficient and more environmental friendly. The study can be used to support decisions on how natural gas resources can best be utilized as a fuel/energy resource for automobiles, and what issues need to be resolved in Chongqing. The models and approaches for this study can be applied to other regions of China as long as all the assumptions are well defined and modified to find a substitute automotive energy source and establish an energy policy in a specific region.     

基于资源最优化回收的再制造工程

从对寿命末端产品的处理选择分析出发，建立了末端产品回收梯级模型，提出基于最优化产品末端回收选择的再制造工程回收的附加值最大，环境污染最小，综合效益最高，并分析了再制造在产品全寿命周期各阶段所发挥的重要作用。     

人工湿地净化处理废水的机理探讨与效果研究

主要介绍人工湿地的特点和处理废水的机理,包括人工湿地的类型、构建方式、净化机理与工艺流程等.通过分析人工湿地的应用实例,总结出人工湿地处理废水具有应用广泛、投资低廉、综合效益高的重要特点,提出目前人工湿地存在使用寿命较短并且受环境条件影响大等主要问题,在此基础上讨论了现阶段人工湿地的研究状况并指出人工湿地在污水处理方面仍有广阔应用前景.     

医疗废物处置工程多技术方案综合评价系统研究及其辅助软件设计

针对医疗废物处置工程技术方案的选择问题,在综合分析医疗废物处置工程技术方案选择的影响因素和医疗废物处置技术特点的基础上,结合层次分析法和Delphi法,提出了一套综合评价指标体系及方法.选取技术性能、经济性、环境影响和社会制约因素等4个方面共24项指标,形成了初步综合评价指标体系,并建立了综合评价层次分析模型.由于涉及的数据量大且计算复杂,开发了相应的医疗废物处置工程技术方案综合评价系统的辅助应用软件.     

You Are What You Eat: Genetically Modified Foods, Integrity, and Society

Thus far, the moral debateconcerning genetically modified foods (GMF) hasfocused on extrinsic consequentialist questionsabout the health effects, environmental impacts,and economic benefits of such foods. Thisextrinsic approach to the morality of GMF isdependent on unsubstantiated empirical claimsand fails to account for the intrinsic moralvalue of food and food choice and theirconnection to the agent's concept of the goodlife. I develop a set of objections to GMFgrounded in the concept of integrity andmaintain that food and food choice can beintimately connected to the agent's personalintegrity. I argue that due to the constitutionof GMF and the manner in which they areproduced, such foods are incompatible with thefundamental values and integrity of certainindividual moral agents or groups. I identifythree types of integrity that are threatened byGMF: religious, consumer, and integrity basedon certain other moral or metaphysical grounds.I maintain that these types of integrity aresufficiently important to provide justificationfor political and societal actions to protectthe interests of those affected. I conclude byproposing specific steps for handling GMFconsistent with the moral principles ofinformed consent, non-maleficence, and respectfor the integrity of all members of society.They include mandatory labeling of GMF, theimplementation of a system for control andregulations concerning such foods, andguaranteed provision of conventional foods.     

生活事件分析法在煤矿企业中的应用

我国煤矿一再的发生事故,绝大部分原因是人为失误.根据人为失误的发生机理,本文提出了生活事件分析方法,并研制了其配套应用程序,对某煤矿企业的人因事故危险性进行了实际评价.该方法可方便地应用于煤矿企业人为事故的预防工作中.     

健康住宅的降噪问题与技术措施

健康住宅的噪声控制,包括对噪声源的认识、进行降噪的方法设计、技术措施实施效果的分析等内容。笔者在研究健康住宅噪声种类和控制标准、分析控制噪声基本措施的基础上,认为健康住宅噪声控制的难点在于设计方法和技术措施两方面,解决问题的思路是将降噪手段视为系统工程,包括住区户外和住宅室内两大系统;综合设计降噪控制技术,才能达到健康住宅声环境的控制标准。     

综合防尘技术在煤矿的应用实践

粉尘严重威胁矿井安全生产和职工身体健康。公司依靠科学管理，完善了各项综合防尘管理制度，制定了一系列综合防尘方面的管理规定和防尘技术操作规程；加强技术创新，重点抓好综采、综掘工作面以及回风系统和定点尘源的装置，实行自动控制等综合防尘技术；从管理和技术创新角度，通过采用减少粉尘产生、降尘、排尘、除尘、个体防尘等综合防尘技术措施应用实践，取得了良好的效果。     

矿井电网动态安全分析系统的研究

随着国民经济的迅速发展,各行各业对煤矿资源的需求越来越大,然而矿难事故的频繁发生,煤矿安全已成为迫切需要解决的首要问题。笔者针对目前的矿井供电系统存在的不足而导致的安全隐患问题,进行了深入的理论研究和技术分析。根据煤矿供电系统的实际情况,对其供电系统的动态安全分析问题进行了较全面的探讨和论述;介绍了矿井电网动态安全分析系统的功能要求、主要组成部分和结构;对各部分的实现和需要注意的问题进行了分析;给出了矿井电网动态安全分析系统的框图及系统最终要反映的信息要求。