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961.
随着西部大开发的脚步,北方地区焦化行业的日渐壮大,很多小焦化企业纷纷关停,取而代之的是大规模的焦化企业。大规模焦化企业的发展可以以新带老,改善超标排放的现状,对保护当地环境起到积极作用,对焦化行业的规范运行也是个好的开始。然而不管规模如何壮大,焦化行业始终面临的一个严峻的问题就是污水排放问题。以前老套的污水处理难度大,效果差。现在出现了一种新的焦化废水处理工艺-污水焚烧技术。它作为处理焦化废水的另一种方法,其效果与可行性很具有研究价值。 相似文献
962.
963.
利用鞍山市空气污染源排放清单和ADMS——城市模型,从不同类型、不同高度两个角度分析了鞍山市区及周边的污染源(包括清单污染源和非清单污染源)对市区空气中尘污染的影响,并初步分析了背景及外来尘、各尾矿库及排岩场扬尘和市区二次扬尘产生量及对市区空气质量的影响,并提出了尘污染的解决重点。 相似文献
964.
965.
Allelopathic inhibition on red tide microalgae Skeletonema costatum by five macroalgal extracts 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Zhen An Zhenyu Wang Fengmin Li Zhijia Tian Hongying Hu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2008,2(3):297-305
This study aims to identify effective antialgal allelochemicals from marine macroalgae that inhibit the growth of red tide
microalgae. Practically, new algicidal agents were developed to control red tide. The growth inhibitory effects of 5 marine
macroalgae Porphyra tenera, Laminaria japonica, Ulva pertusa, Enteromorpha clathrata, and Undaria pinnatifida on Skeletonema costatum were evaluated by adding crude seawater extracts of macroalgal dry tissue into the culture medium containing S. costatum. The half-effective concentrations at 120 h (EC50, 120 h) of the seawater extracts were 0.6, 0.9, 1.0, 1.0, and 4.7 g/L for the five macroalgae above, respectively. E. clathrata, L. japonica and U. pertusa showed strong allelopathic effect on the growth of S. costatum. There have been no previous reports with regard to the allelopathic effects of the former two macroalgae so far. The possible
allelochemicals of 21 compounds of the E. clathrata were detected using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Unsaturated fatty acids, acrylic acid (C3H4O2), and linolenic acid (C18H30O2) were the most likely allelochemicals in E. clathrata. 相似文献
966.
首先分析我国城市垃圾问题的现状,介绍了我国目前城市垃圾处理技术,并对城市可持续发展垃圾治理问题进行了探讨。 相似文献
967.
Michael H. Huesemann Joyce A. Huesemann 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2008,10(6):787-825
Industrial society will move towards collapse if its total environmental impact (I), expressed either in terms of energy and
materials use or in terms of pollution, increases with time, i.e., dI/dt > 0. The traditional interpretation of the I = PAT
equation reflects the optimistic belief that technological innovation, particularly improvements in eco-efficiency, will significantly
reduce the technology (T) factor, and thereby result in a corresponding decline in impact (I). Unfortunately, this interpretation
of the I = PAT equation ignores the effects of technological change on the other two factors: population (P) and per capita
affluence (A). A more heuristic formulation of this equation is I = P(T)·A(T)·T in which the dependence of P and A on T is
apparent. From historical evidence, it is clear that technological revolutions (tool-making, agricultural, and industrial)
have been the primary driving forces behind successive population explosions, and that modern communication and transportation
technologies have been employed to transform a large proportion of the world’s inhabitants into consumers of material- and
energy-intensive products and services. In addition, factor analysis from neoclassical growth theory and the rebound effect
provide evidence that science and technology have played a key role in contributing to rising living standards. While technological
change has thus contributed to significant increases in both P and A, it has at the same time brought about considerable eco-efficiency
improvements. Unfortunately, reductions in the T-factor have generally not been sufficiently rapid to compensate for the simultaneous
increases in both P and A. As a result, total impact, in terms of energy production, mineral extraction, land-use and CO2 emissions, has in most cases increased with time, indicating that industrial society is nevertheless moving towards collapse.
The belief that continued and even accelerated scientific research and technological innovation will automatically result
in sustainability and avert collapse is at best mistaken. Innovations in science and technology will be necessary but alone
will be insufficient for sustainability. Consequently, what is most needed are specific policies designed to decrease total
impact, such as (a) halting population growth via effective population stabilization plans and better access to birth control
methods, (b) reducing total matter-energy throughput and pollution by removing perverse subsidies, imposing regulations that
limit waste discharges and the depletion of non-renewable resources, and implementing ecological tax reform, and (c) moving
towards a steady-state economy in which per-capita affluence is stabilized at lower levels by replacing wasteful conspicuous
material consumption with social alternatives known to enhance subjective well-being. While science and technology must play
an important role in the implementation of these policies, none will be enacted without a fundamental change in society’s
dominant values of growth and exploitation. Thus, value change is the most important prerequisite for avoiding global collapse.
相似文献
Michael H. HuesemannEmail: |
968.
Zhang Juyong 《中国人口.资源与环境(英文版)》2013,11(3):39-44
Abstract Although chemical control of pests increases crop production, it brings a lot of damage to environment and human health. There exist a number of alternative methods that are not so harmful to environment and human health. However, whether and how much in extent these technologies adopted are plausible depends on the comparison of benefit- cost between chemical control and the alternative control methods (such as Integrated Pest Management, IPM) and farmers' willingness-to-pay (WTP) for environment and human health. Using contingent valuation method (CVM), the author investigates farmers' WTP for environment and human health, recognizes the factors influencing WTP, and accordingly points out the importance of pest control technology extension and government regulation of pesticides. 相似文献
969.
Abstract In order to study the relationship between economic globalization and industrial pollution, this paper developed the theoretical framework and used simultaneous equations. The result shows that economic globalization has influences on the industrial pollution mainly by the direct effect of scale, structure and technology as well as the indirect effect of income and policy. Considering all the factors, economic globalization, especially foreign direct investment (FDI), will reduce industrial pollution, in which technology spillover effect plays an important role. 相似文献
970.
Abstract The exploitation of mineral resources plays an important role in promoting national economic development. Mining is an essential component of China’s industrial economy. Using grey correlation method to analyze the correlative effect of mineral resources exploitation to relevant industries, using national income method to calculate the pulling effect of mineral resources exploitation to economic growth and using graphs as well as tables to analyze the income distribution effect, the article obtains active economic effect of mineral resources development in Bijie, Guizhou. Moreover, from the view of resources-cored effect, the article analyzes negative effects such as single industrial structure brought by mineral resource development. Through analysis, we find that mineral resources exploitation to some extent brings active effects including gross domestic product growth, local financial revenue growth and relevant industries development; however, its negative effects should not be ignored. The negative effect can be lightened by diversifying industrial structure and prolonging industrial chain. 相似文献