铝毒在不同作物上的差异及温度的影响

采用水培法研究了作物耐铝性差异及温度对作物铝毒的效应，结果表明，铝首先伤害根生长，抑制作物对养分的吸收和利用，其中对大麦和蕃茄的危害尤为明显，并导致出现缺素症。耐铝能力为水稻＞大豆＞大麦＞蕃茄，而它们的耐铝机理不完全相同。铝对作物的毒害因温度而异，作物在其最适生长温度范围内受铝伤害最明显。作物体内的铝含量有随铝处理浓度增高而增加的趋势，并明显受温度的影响。     

ESTIMATION OF DAILY TEMPERATURE MEANS USING ELEVATION AND LATITUDE IN MOUNTAINOUS TERRAIN1

ABSTRACT A model was developed for predicting mean daily, mean daily minimum, and mean daily maximum temperatures in West Virginia. The model is easily used since the only inputs are elevation, latitude, and julian date. With local calibration, the model is expected to apply to other areas in the Appalachian region.     

Gradient Genogeographic Analysis of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pinus sylvestris</Emphasis> L. Populations in Europe

Gradients of Nei's genetic distances between 15 samples of Pinus sylvestris L. trees were analyzed along three submeridional transects, from Scandinavia to the Mediterranean and Transcaucasia. As a result, distinct chorogenetic differentiation was revealed between the populations of this species growing in climatically specific regions of northern and southern Europe. Considerable Nei's distances (DN = 0.045–0.056) and their gradients, combined with differences in stable phenotypic characters (the composition of monoterpenes and morphological parameters of cones) determined at the Pyrenean and Caucasian mountain borders, suggest that the P. sylvestris species structure includes two South Eurasian subspecies, the Pyrenean P. sylvestris L., ssp. iberica Svoboda and the Transcaucasian P. sylvestris L., ssp. hamata (Stev.) Fomin.     

不同升温速率下模块装药的烤燃特性分析

目的 研究不同升温速率下模块装药烤燃特性的变化.方法 基于模块装药结构及其烤燃化学反应机理,提出基本假设,建立二维非稳态烤燃计算模型,通过数值模拟计算分析研究模块装药在不同工况下的烤燃特性.结果 在3.30、5.25、7.20 K/h的加热条件下,模块装药发生烤燃响应的着火温度分别为476.6、473.1、477.1 ...     

等效温度曲线的数值拟合

通风空调工程中,等效温度是衡量气候舒适程度的主要指标.传统的查图法求解等效温度不仅繁琐,而且不准确.本文以等效温度为基础,在等效温度图中取值,运用Matlab拟合数据,并进行坐标变换,求解出干球温度、湿球温度及风速之间的规律,推导出等效温度的数值求解方法.经实例计算和误差分析证明,此数值解法较为准确.     

气温和湿度在泸州市城区对臭氧浓度预测的运用研究

气温和湿度均为影响臭氧生成的要素,通过分析泸州市国控点数据,找出气温和湿度与臭氧浓度的关系,从而建立气温和湿度为变量的臭氧浓度预测模型.选取2019年泸州市主城区的气温和湿度数据,将气温按日最高温(Tmax)、日最低温(Tmin)和日平均气温(Tmean)划分,将湿度按四季划分,分别统计其与臭氧浓度的相关性.发现臭氧浓...     

隧道内偏置火源顶棚近壁面温度边界层效应研究

基于隧道火灾不同横向火源位置的非对称卷吸影响,通过模拟计算分析了中心火源和偏置火源产生的烟气沿纵向最大温升变化规律,研究了顶棚下方近壁面区域内的不同温度分布,提出偏置火源纵向空间最大顶棚温升公式。结果表明:在壁面黏性作用下,沿纵向蔓延的烟气最高温度在顶棚下方呈现“温度边界层”分布;随着火源位置的偏移,下游出现偏置距离起主导作用影响温度衰减的区域,衰减速度相较于中心火源逐渐降低;火源下游近壁面最高温度位置逐渐远离顶棚后趋于稳定。研究结果对于排烟方式的设计以及空间通风效果的提升有着重要意义。     

水温对平流式二沉池运行影响的数值模拟

借助改进的RNG κ-ε两方程湍流模型和简化的多相流混合模型,采用计算流体力学软件Fluent模拟某污水处理厂平流式二沉池在不同水温下的运行效果.通过对比Johnson对水库水温变化的实测数据验证了模型和模拟方法的可靠性.对平流式二沉池的模拟结果表明:不同水温条件下池内水流速度存在相似的分布,在池的下部和上部各存在一个回流区;池内水温降低会造成上部回流区域减小、出水固体颗粒质量浓度增大,从而导致二沉池的颗粒去除率降低;采取增大颗粒粒径、密度和在沉淀池出水口前加设挡板的措施均能有效降低出水固体颗粒质量浓度.     

Smoldering combustion of dust layer on hot surface

The critical temperature as well as the critical flux for ignition of a dust layer of cornflour and a mixture of wheatflour and cornflour (80% wheatflour+20% cornflour) on a hot plate have been determined. The moulded sample was cylindrical in shape and of different heights and diameters. The particle size of dusts ranged between 63 μm to 150 μm. The temperature–time histories for self-heating without ignition and with ignition are offered, showing the critical boundaries between them. Also the times to ignition for each dust, showing the effect of sample size on their values, are determined. Certain experimental correlations which relate to times to ignition, as well as the critical temperature for ignition and thermal and geometrical dimensions of sample are presented.