昆明市经济发展梯度及经济一体化发展策略

昆明市下辖14个县(市)区,14个县(市)区之间经济发展水平差异显著。建立了昆明市经济发展水平评价指标体系,利用聚类分析法结合2006年《昆明统计年鉴》以及2006年《云南省统计年鉴》数据,将14个县(市)区划分为3个经济梯度,并提出了梯度间一体化发展策略。     

Community analysis in stream biomonitoring: what we measure and what we don't

Diatom assemblages from 83 epilithic samples taken from the Mesta River, Bulgaria, were regressed against three sets of predictor variables, i.e. environmental, spatial, and temporal. Redundancy analysis (RDA) of species and environmental data explained 36% of the diatom variance and extracted several important gradients of species distribution, associated with a downstream increase in nutrient levels, pH, temperature, and organic pollution. The inclusion of spatial and temporal variables in the RDA model captured additional 24% of the diatom variance and revealed three more gradients, a spatial gradient represented by higher order polynomial terms of latitude and longitude, and two temporal gradients of annual and seasonal variation. Partial RDAs demonstrated that the unique contribution of each predictor set to the explained diatom variance was the highest in the spatial dataset (16%), followed by the environmental (9%), and the temporal (7%) datasets. The remaining 28% of the variance was explained by the covariance of the predictor sets. This suggests that in biomonitoring of single stream basins, the cheap and simple account of space and time would explain most of the variance in assemblage composition obviating the necessity of expensive and time-consuming environmental assessments. The nature of the underlying environmental mechanisms can be easily inferred from the diatom composition itself.     

Impact of continental margins in the Mediterranean Sea: Hints from the surface colour and temperature historical record

The surface colour and temperature fields of the Mediterranean Sea, as appearing in time series, of basin-wide images available in the CZCS (1979–1985) and AVHRR (1982–1991) historical archives, differentiate between basin interior and continental margins affected by coastal patterns, river plumes, and mesoscale features. The original data were processed to apply calibration factors, to correct for atmospheric contamination, and to estimate chlorophyll-like pigment concentration and surface temperature. Composites were derived, as monthly and annual means, using a fixed equal-area projection with a 1-km² pixel grid. Enhanced pigment values and lower temperatures along the northern coastal areas (i.e. the Ligurian, Provençal and Balearic basins, as well as the Adriatic, and Aegean Seas) have been associated with the impact of runoff from continental margins (i.e. both a direct impact due to the sediment load and one induced on the planktonic flora by the associated nutrient load) and with vertical mixing due to the prevailing winds (i.e. the Mistral in the northwest, the Bora in the Adriatic, the Etesians in the Aegean). The pattern of increasing pigments and decreasing temperatures in seen to develop in the monthly images from the coastal zone towards the open sea from summer to winter, and then back from winter to summer. The southern coastal areas show different values, namely lower pigments and higher temperatures (except in areas where the data are altered by signal contamination). It is suggested that differences in geomorphology and meteorology of the basin margins have an impact on both water biogeochemistry and dynamics, influencing the biooptical and thermal properties of the various sub-basins, and of the entire Mediterranean region.     

2℃低温下冬小麦幼苗质膜Ca~(2 )-ATPase的活性变化

用氯化铈 (CeCl3 )沉淀的电镜细胞化学方法 ,对常温下及 2℃低温处理后的冬小麦 (TriticumaestiviumL .)幼苗质膜Ca2 ATPase活性进行定位 .结果显示 :(1)常温下生长的冬小麦幼苗 ,质膜上有部分Ca2 ATPase活性反应 .(2 )冬小麦幼苗经 2℃低温处理 1h ,质膜上Ca2 ATPase活性增加 .处理 3h ,活性进一步加强 .2℃下处理 12h ,有强的酶活性反应 .处理 2 4h后 ,活性反应达到最强 .2℃处理 3d ,Ca2 ATPase活性有所下降 ,但仍高于CK .细胞结构完整 .据结果推测 ,质膜Ca2 ATPase活性受细胞内Ca2 浓度反馈调节 .图 1参 10     

Gradient analysis of the chrogenetic structure of lowland and highland scotch pine populations

Gradients of genetic distances (GGDs) between 26 adjacent cenopopulations of Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) along the transects through the distinct landscape-ecotopic isolation borders were analyzed graphically. The results made it possible to reveal and quantitatively estimate gradients and borders of gene-pool structural patterns in populations of this species in the central part of Northern Eurasia. In lowland areas, the most distinct borders were found between pine populations growing on dry lands and bogs (Pineta sphagnosa) in the forest zone of the Transural region, as well as between the Arakaragaiskii and Amankaragaiskii island pine forests in the steppe zone (Northern Turgai). In highland areas (the Urals and the Carpathians), the greatest GGDs were observed between low-mountain (about 600 m above sea level) and middle-mountain (850–900 m) populations. Analysis of GGDs is a promising gene-geographic method for determining population borders and studying the chorogenetic structure of species.     

Effects of ecological factors on the diurnal activity rhythm of Yakutian black-capped marmots (Marmota camtschatica bungei) in the arctic

It is established that the activity of marmots (the genusMarmota) on the surface is timed to the daylight period. In the Arctic, under conditions of continuous illumination (the polar day), the diurnal rhythm of black-capped marmotsMarmota camtschatica bungei on the surface has a “daylight” pattern. The main external regulator of the diurnal rhythm is the altitude of the sun above the horizon. In the cold period, however, the effect of air temperature on animal activity becomes stronger.     

pH、温度和水土比对酸性土壤溶液中铝离子形态分布的影响

溶液中Al3 、Al-F和有机络合态铝（Al-OM的浓度随pH降低而增加,Al3 在总单核铝中所占比例随pH的降低而增加,而Al-F络合物呈相反的变化趋势.土壤中铝的溶解度与土壤中铝氧化物的结晶形态有关,处于较高纬度地区的土壤,由于铝氧化物的结晶形态较差,在相同pH下,其铝的溶解度较大.土壤溶液中有机络合态铝的浓度随温度升高而增加,在pH不变的情况下,土壤中无机铝的溶解量随温度降低而增加.随水土比增加,土壤溶液中Al3 、Al-F络合物和Al-OM浓度减小,但按每kg土计算的铝溶解量随水土比的增加而增加.     

乌鲁木齐城市地表温度时空变化与贡献度研究

伴随着新疆首府乌鲁木齐市经济快速发展,人口持续增加、城市化进程不断加快,地表温度也发生极其显著的变化.以乌鲁木齐市中心城区为研究对象,利用1990—2018年的4期Landsat卫星影像和中国科学院土地利用/覆被分类数据,采用地表温度反演、重心转移模型、空间聚类分析以及计算贡献度指数等方法,定量研究乌鲁木齐市城市化进程...     

硝化污泥低温冲击强化试验

采用完全好氧式膜生物反应器富集耐低温硝化污泥,通过低温冲击强化试验研究硝化污泥的耐低温特性.结果表明,低温对硝化污泥中微生物的群落多样性影响较大,温度越低,微生物多样性越低.低温强化组投加了耐低温高硝化菌含量硝化污泥,使得硝化菌在反应器内生长趋势良好,对低温冲击的恢复更有效果,且低温硝化污泥比中温硝化污泥具有更好的氨氮...     

拉萨市近49年气温变化特征研究

2019年6月24日拉萨市出现了30.8℃的高温,创历史新高.为了更好的了解拉萨市气候变暖的机理以及评估该区域未来气候的变化状况,本文基于拉萨市自动气象站近49年的观测数据,采用线性趋势法、Mann-Kendall (M-K)突变检验、小波分析、R/S分析等方法深入研究了多时间尺度上气温的时空演变特征.结果 显示:(a...