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Actual textile wastewater and synthesized wastewater containing various textile dyes were photocatalytic degraded by the UVH2O2Fs-TiO2 process in an aimular-flow photocatalytic reactor. In this process, a photon kinetic-measure was adopted to obtain constant rates of dyes decomposition. It was theorized that, by illumination at different UV frequencies, the electrons within the semiconductor were excited from the valence band to the conduction band, yielding the formation of electron-hole pairs which are the pre-requisites for photocatalysis. CPT (critical photonic time) exposure required to cause 90% of vibrations between the double and single bonds along the molecular chain of the dyes to be oxidized, was taken to measure the photocatalytic activities. The CPTs varied with the frequencies of the UV spectral areas. The derivatization of CPT from the first-order kinetic law was presented. 相似文献
995.
N. Yu. Feoktistova S. V. Naidenko M. V. Kropotkina P. M. Bovin 《Russian Journal of Ecology》2007,38(6):426-429
The effect of long-term exposure to natural excretions of the European polecat on the morphological parameters and hormonal status of adult male Campbell hamsters (Phodopus campbelli) and dwarf hamsters (Ph. sungorus) was studied. Exposure to volatile components of natural excreta of a potential predator did not have any significant effect on hamsters. The combined influence of volatile and nonvolatile components of the polecat’s excretions caused physiological stress in Ph. campbelli, while in Ph. sungorus, on the contrary, an increase in thymus weight and the plasma testosterone level was recorded. 相似文献
996.
结合IC与EGSB的特点,同时根据厌氧处理理论,设计了新型双循环厌氧反应器,用于处理高浓度含有毒物质工业废水,并以Li Cl作为示踪剂,对该反应器不同水力停留时间(HRT)下的水力特性进行了研究。结果表明,在无循环时,各HRT下双循环厌氧反应器的C-θ曲线为不对称的单峰曲线。HRT为6,9,12 h时,反应器的死区比例分别为0.165,0.155,0.146。反应器呈推流流态,且随着HRT的增加,推流作用逐渐加强而完全混合作用逐渐减弱。当存在双循环时,在HRT为6,9,12 h的条件下,反应器第一反应区的σ2分别为0.249,0.179,0.113,第二反应区的σ2分别为0.135,0.112,0.106。双循环增大了反应器的返混程度,且与第一反应区相比,第二反应区更趋于推流式。 相似文献
997.
研究了导致埋地热油管道泄漏裂纹开裂的应力机制,采用有限元方法对埋地热油管道进行模拟计算,求得热-结构耦合作用下管道整体当量应力变化云图,并得出管道弯管处应力高于直管段应力的结论;继而采用电阻应变测试法对埋地热油管道的弯管处进行实时应力测定,并绘制了各测点的轴向和周向应力变化曲线,通过各测点应力比较得出弯管内侧有两点应力波动幅值偏大,弯管外侧4号测点处轴向应力超过管材的屈服点。结果表明:在结构-热应力耦合作用下,埋地热油管道在弯管外侧轴向应力最大,易有I型裂纹萌生并扩展,在弯管内侧易有疲劳裂纹萌生并扩展。 相似文献
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999.
Wan Syaheedah Wan Ghazali Siti Amrah Sulaiman Aniza Abdul Aziz Harmy Mohamed Yusoff 《毒物与环境化学》2015,97(8):1017-1024
Free radicals induced by cigarette smoking have been linked to an increase in oxidative stress resulting in smoking-related cardiovascular diseases. However, the possible effect of honey that has antioxidant property in improving oxidative stress status among smokers has not yet been reported. Hence, this study was to determine the effects of 12-week Tualang honey supplementation on F2-isoprostanes, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and total antioxidant status among chronic smokers. A total of 32 non-smokers and 64 chronic smokers were recruited from Quit Smoking Clinic and Health Campus, Universiti Sains, Malaysia. Smokers were randomized into two groups (n = 32/group) namely smokers without supplementation and smokers with honey supplementation (20 g/day) for 12 weeks. Blood was obtained from non-smokers and smokers at pre-intervention and from smokers at post-intervention. During pre-intervention, the levels/activity of F2-isoprostanes, total antioxidant status, and catalase were significantly higher while superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were lower in smokers than non-smokers. During post-intervention, in supplemented smokers, there were significant decrease in F2-isoprostanes and increase in total antioxidant status, glutathione peroxidase and catalase levels/activities compared with pre-intervention. This study indicates that honey supplementation improves oxidative stress status suggesting a beneficial role of honey in reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. 相似文献
1000.
Abdullah A. Alkahtane 《毒物与环境化学》2015,97(8):1086-1098
Indium tin oxide (ITO) nanoparticles (NP) have extensive applications in industrial fields, and concerns regarding their potential toxicity in humans and environmental impact have increased. Since exposure to ITO NP is mainly via skin and inhalation, this study was conducted utilizing human lung epithelial (A549) cell line. Cells were exposed to different concentrations of the ITO NP for 24 and 48 hr. A severe cytotoxic response of ITO NP was observed as evident by the (3-4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and neutral red uptake assays after 48 hr exposure. ITO NP significantly reduced glutathione levels with a concomitant increase in lipid hydroperoxide levels, superoxide activity, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation after exposure. A significant induction in caspase activity and formation of condensed chromosomal bodies was also observed after ITO NP (10 or 25 µg/ml) exposure. Furthermore, a significant induction in DNA damage was observed by the Comet assay in cells exposed to ITO NP. Our data demonstrate that ITO NP display cytotoxic and genotoxic potential. However, increase in ROS levels and oxidative stress leading to oxidative DNA damage and condensed chromosomal bodies formation, suggests involvement of apotosis. Thus, ITO NP-mediated effects on cell viability indicate cytotoxicity, and therefore, exposures need to be carefully monitored in the industrial sector. 相似文献