基于移动终端设备的环境现场监测管理系统设计与应用

研究了基于移动终端设备的环境现场监测业务数据采集与管理,构建了面向现场监测业务需求的数据采集、存储和传输的业务流程管理,以及与实验室信息管理系统数据共享交互集成的现场监测业务管理和质量控制信息系统。以上海市环境监测中心的现场监测管理系统为例,展示了多媒体及GPS信息采集、仪器数据采集、监测结果录入、原始表单填报和监测布点等环境现场监测活动在移动终端设备上数据管理的具体应用实现。     

Insights into the structure of urea-like compounds as inhibitors of the juvenile hormone epoxide hydrolase (JHEH) of the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta: analysis of the binding modes and structure-activity relationships of the inhibitors by docking and CoMFA calculations

Substituted urea compounds are well-known as potent inhibitors of juvenile hormone epoxide hydrolase (JHEH) of the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta. Docking simulations of 47 derivatives inside JHEH were performed to gain insight into the structural characteristics of these complexes. The obtained orientations show a strong similitude with the observed in the known X-ray crystal structures of human soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) complexed with dialkylurea inhibitors. In addition, the predicted inhibitor concentration (IC₅₀) of the above-mentioned compounds as JHEH inhibitors were obtained by a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) method by using comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) applied to aligned dataset. The best models included steric and electrostatic fields and had adequate predictive abilities. In addition, these models were used to predict the activity of an external test set of compounds that was not used for building the model. Furthermore, plots of the CoMFA fields allowed conclusions to be drawn for the choice of suitable inhibitors.     

作业场所职业危害信息化管理系统平台研究

建立作业场所职业危害信息化管理系统平台,可有效解决目前我国职业危害监管监控等方面存在的主要问题,缓解我国严峻的职业危害形势。本文对作业场所职业危害信息化管理系统平台的系统结构进行了设计,并对作业场所职业危害信息化管理系统中的职业危害监控信息系统和职业危害移动执法终端系统两个关键子系统进行了详细设计和阐述。明确了我国作业场所职业危害信息化管理系统平台建设的总体框架和关键子系统的功能需求,讨论并分析了目前职业危害信息化管理系统平台建设的主要任务。     

湿热环境下配电自动化终端的腐蚀失效分析

目的解决配电自动化终端在湿热环境下的腐蚀失效问题,保障配网自动化系统的安全运行,延长配电自动化终端的使用寿命。方法分别选用三台架空终端FTU作为研究对象,研究配电自动化终端在湿热环境下的腐蚀失效特点,并提出针对性防护措施。采用SEM和EDS表征方法展开配电自动化终端的腐蚀失效分析。结果由EDS数据结果发现,相比较于轻微腐蚀区域,腐蚀区域的氧含量均大幅增加,且出现硫元素和氯元素,表明腐蚀环境主要是含硫和氯的潮湿环境。航空插头表面覆盖镍和铜两层镀层,腐蚀后的试样表面不仅检测到铜,有的甚至检测到基材铁,说明腐蚀后镀层已逐步失效,部分基材裸露,且已开始腐蚀。结合SEM发现,样品表面有大量颗粒粗大的腐蚀产物,且明显看出镀层已被破坏。结论材料腐蚀失效主要是由于高温度、湿度、含氯及硫等大气环境加速终端设备腐蚀,以及镀层被破坏或漏镀等问题造成基材裸露,腐蚀进一步深入发展。因此,根据湿热环境下配电自动化终端的腐蚀特点,提出针对性的防护措施。保障配网自动化系统的安全运行的同时,延长配电自动化终端的使用寿命,为今后的实证测试提供可靠依据。     

移动应急友邻互视技术

针对应急管理中对信息共享、团队协作和移动指挥的应用需求,研究了移动应急终端间的位置共享与信息交互方法和技术框架,初步构建了移动应急位置服务网。移动应急位置服务网包括移动应急终端、无线通信网络、中心服务器、监控终端和管理终端等组成部分。定义了位置、信息与指令传输格式,以实现移动应急终端和中心服务器之间的实时通信。制定了移动应急终端组网规则,以实现位置和信息在移动应急位置服务网内的交互。研发了友邻位置与信息交互技术,重点研究了终端位置报告、终端节电、北斗终端接入、友邻位置表达、信息推送等技术。针对具体应用需求,开发了原型系统,试验表明移动应急友邻互视技术可提高事发现场应急处置团队的协作能力和应急处置效率,具有实用性。     

Thymic involution produced by diesel exhaust particles and their constituents in mice

Epidemiological studies suggest that diesel exhaust particles (DEP) contribute to an increase in allergic diseases. To assess the effects of DEP on the central immune system, mice were exposed to DEP by intraperitoneal (IP) administration. Exposure to DEP resulted in severe thymic involution accompanied by a reduction in the number of thymocytes, especially in cortical CD4⁺CD8⁺ double positive and double negative subsets. Core carbon particles associated with a mixture of chemical compounds in DEP did not appear to be responsible for the DEP-induced thymic involution because carbon graphite does not affect neither the number nor the CD4/CD8 profile of thymocytes. Extraction of DEP by ether, acidic and basic solvents showed that several independent fractions including the neutral ether fraction, which contains polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), induced thymic involution. Among major PAH components of DEP, benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), and benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkF) were very potent inducers of thymic involution at an ED50 of less than 100?ng per mouse body. Nonetheless, DEP treatment of mice with targeted disruption of genes encoding the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), AHR nuclear translocator (ARNT), or microsomal epoxide hydolase (mEH) indicated that DEP produced thymic involution even in the absence of PAH-induced AHR/ARNT signal transduction or mEH-mediated PAH catabolism. On the other hand, BaP-mediated thymic involution was completely dependent on AHR, partially dependent on ARNT in T cells, and independent of mEH. These results indicate that DEP-induced thymic involution is mediated both by PAH-AHR/ARNT-dependent and -independent mechanisms.     

HCR处理环氧树脂废水的中试

对某化工厂的高浓度环氧树脂废水进行HCR中试研究。当进水COD容积负荷为7.5~12 kg/(m3.d)时,COD的去除率达85%。结果证明HCR反应系统处理效率高,抗负荷冲击性能强,系统运行稳定。     

黄河三角洲湿地土壤微生物群落结构分析

采用末端限制性片段长度多态性分析(T-RFLP)技术和16S rDNA克隆文库的方法,分析了黄河三角洲滨海湿地土壤不同深度细菌和古菌的群落结构.研究表明,随着深度的增加,细菌群落的多样性下降,而古菌群落多样性则有上升的趋势,且土壤的细菌和古菌群落结构都呈现出规律的层状分布.该土壤包括各种硫酸盐还原菌、产甲烷古菌、光合细菌等丰富的细菌和古菌资源.图5参27     

Anaerobic biodegradation of benzene series compounds by mixed cultures based on optional electronic acceptors

A series of batch experiments were performed using mixed bacterial consortia to investigate biodegradation performance of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and three xylene isomers （BTEX） under nitrate, sulfate and ferric iron reducing conditions. The results showed that toluene, ethylbenzene, m-xylene and o-xylene could be degraded independently by the mixed cultures coupled to nitrate, sulfate and ferric iron reduction. Under ferric iron reducing conditions the biodegradation of benzene and p-xylene could be occurred only in the presence of other alkylbenzenes. Alkylbenzenes can serve as the primary subs＇rates to stimulate the transformation of benzene and p-xylene under anaerobic conditions. Benzene and p-xylene are more toxic than toluene and ethylbenzene, under the three terminal electron acceptors conditions, the degradation rates decreased with toluene 〉 ethylbenzene 〉 m-xylene 〉 o-xylene〉 benzene 〉 p- xylene. Nitrate was a more favorable electron acceptor compared to sulfate and ferric iron. The ratio between sulfate consumed and the loss of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene was 4.44, 4.51, 4.42, 4.32, 4.37 and 4.23, respectively; the ratio between nitrate consumed and the loss of these substrates was 7.53, 6.24, 6.49, 7.28, 7.81, 7.61, respectively; the ratio between the consumption of ferric iron and the loss of toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene was 17.99, 18.04, 18.07, 17.97, respectively.     

技术标准视角下我国污水处理厂尾水人工湿地设计分析

人工湿地已逐渐应用于我国污水处理厂提标改造和尾水资源化利用工程实践中,并成为一项备受关注的技术。为指导和规范国内各地区污水处理厂尾水人工湿地工程的设计和建设,国家和地方相关职能部门及专业协会发布实施了多部尾水人工湿地技术标准。在全面梳理国内外尾水人工湿地工程应用现状和当前指导尾水人工湿地设计、建设的相关技术标准实施情况的基础上,对不同层面尾水人工湿地技术标准从工艺选型、设计参数等方面进行对比分析。依据尾水人工湿地碳水平调控策略的可行性、经济性并结合实际工程应用可达性的综合分析,确定湿地结构优化、工艺改进、耦合工艺是优化尾水人工湿地工程设计和强化其脱氮效能的较好策略和途径。为保障人工湿地工程安全和正常运营,建议人工湿地工程设计时应依据当地的水文条件,进行湿地的总水量平衡计算。未来应构建基于基质和水生植物选择、工程运营监测等方面的基础数据库,加强技术标准在尾水人工湿地全生命周期中的指导作用。