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71.
WANG Bao-e HU Yong-you 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2007,19(4):451-457
Four materials, sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC), sodium alginate (SA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and chitosan (CTS), were prepared as supports for entrapping fungus Aspergillusfumigatus. The adsorption of synthetic dyes, Reactive Brilliant Blue KN- R, and Reactive Brilliant Red K-2BP, by these immobilized gel beads and plain gel beads was evaluated. The adsorption efficiencies of Reactive Brilliant Red K-2BP and Reactive Brilliant Blue KN-R by CTS immobilized beads were 89.1% and 93.5% in 12 h, respectively. The adsorption efficiency by Na-CMC immobilized beads was slightly lower than that of mycelial pellets. But the dye culture mediums were almost completely decolorized in 48 h using the above-mentioned two immobilized beads (exceeding 95%). The adsorption efficiency by SA immobilized beads exceeded 92% in 48 h. PVA-SA immobilized beads showed the lowest adsorption efficiency, which was 79.8% for Reactive Brilliant Red K-2BP and 92.5% for Reactive Brilliant Blue KN-R in 48 h. Comparing the adsorption efficiency by plain gel beads, Na-CMC plain gel beads ranked next to CTS ones. SA and PVA-SA plain gel beads hardly had the ability of adsorbing dyes. Subsequently, the growth of mycelia in Na-CMC and SA immobilized beads were evaluated. The biomass increased continuously in 72 h. The adsorption capacity of Reactive Brilliant Red K-2BP and Reactive Brilliant Blue KN-R by Na-CMC immobilized beads was 78.0 and 86.7 mg/g, respectively. The SEM micrographs show that the surface structure of Na-CMC immobilized bead is loose and finely porous, which facilitates diffusion of the dyes. 相似文献
72.
随着污染减排工作的持续推进,经济和环境容量问题的行业基础统计数据变的越来越重要.以“十二五”污染减排核算细则中纺织业、污水处理厂全口径核算为依据,以泉州石狮市纺织业产品产量、废水排放量、区域GDP数据为基础,分析纺织业产品产量与污染物排放量之间的关系,从国家政策、各级行政统计部门、环保统计部门和企业四个不同的角度提出在统计行业产业基础数据时应注意的事项,为污染减排、环境统计和经济协调发展提供指导依据. 相似文献
73.
Cationic surfactant (Hexadecyltrimenthylammonium chloride) modified bentonite clay was prepared and systematically studied for its adsorption behavior as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of basic dyes such as methylene blue (MB), crystal violet (CV) and Rhodamine B (RB) from aqueous phase. Organo modified clay shows better capacity for the removal of three dyes. The adsorption process was found to be dependent on pH and initial dye concentration. The maximum dye sorption was found to be at a pH of 9.0 (99.99% for MB, 95.0% for CV and 83.0% for RB). The adsorption capacity for the dyes was found to be 399.74, 365.11 and 324.36 μmol/g for MB, CV and RB, respectively at 30 °C. The equilibrium uptake was attained within 240 min. The kinetic studies were revealed that sorption follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model which indicates chemisorption between adsorbent and adsorbate molecules. Adsorption isotherm indicates non-energetically adsorption sites which fit with Freundlich isotherm model. The fitness of kinetics and isotherm models was evaluated by using HYBRID error analysis function. Competitive adsorptions of dyes were studied by using binary component systems. 相似文献
74.
粉煤灰对阴离子水溶性混合染料的吸附动力学 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4
以燃煤废弃物粉煤灰作为吸附剂,对活性红23与活性蓝4、活性黄4、酸性黑1、酸性蓝193的混合染料溶液进行吸附性能研究.结果表明,在不同的混合体系中,活性红23的脱色率基本保持在60%~70%;体系中酸性染料的脱色率均超过90%;活性蓝4的脱色率高达85%;活性黄4的脱色率仅为50%.准二级吸附动力学能够更好地描述粉煤灰对水溶性混合染料的吸附过程.染料在溶液中的外扩散系数均为10-4cm·s-1数量级,染料在粉煤灰颗粒的内扩散系数为10-8cm2·s-1数量级.根据BN数,水溶性染料在粉煤灰上的竞争吸附是外扩散控制的吸附过程. 相似文献
75.
Fe(II)/γ-Al2O3 powders synthesized using the dipping method were produced from a mixed aqueous solution containing aluminium oxide(γ-Al2O3) and iron(II)-precursor(FeSO4), and used for photoFenton degradation of phthalocyanine dyes(PCS) under ultraviolet(UV) irradiation in an up-flow fluidized bed. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, ESCA, BET, EDS and SEM. The results showed that Fe2+ion was compounded on the γ-Al2O3 carrier. The effects of different reaction parameters such as catalyst activity, dosage and solution pH on the decolorization of PCS were assessed. Results indicated that maximum decolorization(more than 95%) of PCS occurred with20 wt% Fe(II)/γ-Al2O3 catalyst(dosage of 60 g/L) using a combination of UV irradiation and heterogeneous Fenton system. The degradation efficiency of PCSincreases as pH decreases, exhibiting a maximum efficiency at pH 3.5. The recycled catalyst was capable of repeating three runs without a significant decrease in treatment efficiency, and this demonstrated the stability and reusability of catalyst. 相似文献
76.
Necessity of Toxicity Assessment in Turkish Industrial Discharges (Examples from Metal and Textile Industry Effluents) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Sponza DT 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2002,73(1):41-66
Toxicity of some organic and inorganic chemicals to microorganisms is an important consideration in assessingtheir environmental impact against their economic benefits.Microorganisms play an important role in several environmentalprocesses, both natural and engineered. Some organic and inorganics at toxic levels have been detected in industrial discharges resulting in plant upsets and discharge permit violations. In addition to this, even though in some cases the effluent wastewater does not exceed the discharge limits,the results of toxicity tests show potential toxicity. Toxicityknowledge of effluents can benefit treatment plant operators inoptimising plant operation, setting pre-treatment standards, and protecting receiving water quality and in establishing sewer discharge permits to safeguard the plant. In the Turkish regulations only toxicity dilution factor (TDF) with fish is part of the toxicity monitoring program of permissible wastewater discharge. In various countries, laboratory studiesinvolving the use of different organisms and protocol for toxicity assessment was conducted involving a number of discharges.In this study, it was aimed to investigate the acute toxicity of textile and metal industry wastewaters by traditional and enrichment toxicity tests and emphasize the importance of toxicity tests in wastewater discharge regulations. The enrichment toxicity tests are novel applications and give anidea whether there is potential toxicity or growth limiting and stimulation conditions. Different organisms were used suchas bacteria (Floc and Coliform bacteria) algae (Chlorella sp.), fish (Lepistes sp.) and protozoan (Vorticella sp.) to represent four tropic levels. The textile industry results showed acute toxicity for at least one organism in 8 out of 23 effluent samples. Acute toxicity for at least two organisms in 7 out of 23 effluent sampling was observed for the metal industry. The toxicity test results were assessed with chemical analyses such as COD, BOD, color and heavy metals. It was observed that the toxicity of the effluents could not be explained by using physicochemical analyses in 5 cases for metal and 4 cases for the textile industries. The results clearly showed that the useof bioassay tests produce additional information about the toxicity potential of industrial discharges and effluents. 相似文献
77.
IntroductionWastewaterdischargedfromtextiledesizing processesischaracterizedbyitsveryhighchemicaloxygendemand(CODCr)andisoneofthemostdifficulttextilewastewatertotreat.Thedesizingwastewaterfromnaturalfibre processingoperationsmainlycontainsstarch ,glucos… 相似文献
78.
IntroductionPollution of natural waters with waste effluentsarising from various industries has become a seriousproblem in India.In Rajasthan particularly,textilemills represent an important economic sector.Effluents from these textile and other dye-relat… 相似文献
79.
80.
采用嗜酸性硫杆菌生物淋滤联合Fenton氧化法对印染污泥脱水性能进行了研究。结果表明,生物淋滤过程中pH下降速率随着硫粉添加量增加而变快,经生物淋滤处理后污泥的脱水性能在一定程度上得到了改善。对生物淋滤后的污泥进行了Fenton氧化处理,获得的最佳反应条件为反应时间2 h,H2O2和Fe2+添加量分别为6 g/L和0.5 g/L。在该条件下,污泥上清液中总有机碳(TOC)由20.8 mg/L增加到356.6 mg/L;污泥比阻(SRF)和滤饼含水率分别由5.98×1011s2/g和88.75%减少至1.26×1011s2/g和82.85%。生物淋滤-Fenton氧化法在污泥破解程度和脱水性能改善方面均优于单独Fenton氧化法。 相似文献