nZVI@SiO2-NH2对合成染料脱色效果及其对大肠杆菌生物毒性研究

采用液相还原法并使用氨基修饰的二氧化硅合成包覆型的纳米零价铁(nZVI@SiO_2-NH_2),同时,采用XRD、FT-IR及TEM等多种方法对所制备的材料进行表征.TEM表征结果表明,nZVI@SiO_2-NH_2粒径分布在10～50 nm之间,壳层厚度为15 nm.XRD和FTIR分析表明,复合颗粒具有Fe~0晶型结构的内核,表面SiO_2壳层存在氨基化修饰.使用nZVI@SiO_2-NH_2和nZVI对各类染料进行脱色处理,结果表明,nZVI@SiO_2-NH_2对上述染料的脱色效果都优于nZVI,且nZVI@SiO_2-NH_2具有对染料进行连续脱色的能力.大肠杆菌的存活情况和细胞内酶LDH和SOD的活性变化表明,nZVI@SiO_2-NH_2对生物的毒性更小.     

纺织品中有毒有害物质检测技术的研究现状

纺织品中有毒有害物质超标是纺织品顺利进出口的主要限制因素,而目前中国的检测技术在具体实施中仍存在许多问题。本文阐述了国内纺织品中主要的三类物质检测技术的发展现状,并针对常用检测方法提出一些建议。     

搅拌条件对两种染料混凝气浮去除效果的影响研究

实验以七水硫酸镁及硫酸铝钾为混凝剂,十二烷基硫酸钠为浮选剂,研究了搅拌条件对酸性大红3R、还原深蓝BO混凝气浮去除效果的影响。结果表明,当搅拌转速为100r／min、搅拌时间为10min时,混凝气浮对酸性大红3R的去除效果较好,吸光度去除率为67．33％,色度去除率为69．23％;当搅拌转速为50r／min、搅拌时间为10min时,混凝气浮对还原深蓝BO的去除效果较好,吸光度去除率为84．33％,色度去除率为99．70％。     

Trametes sp.SQ01和Chaetomium sp.R01混合培养对四种染料的脱色

利用本实验室新构建的白腐菌Trametes sp.SQ01和毛壳菌Chaetomium sp.R01混合培养体系,对刚果红、酸性红、橙黄G和溴酚蓝4种染料进行了脱色研究.结果表明,SQ01与R01混合培养所产生的锰过氧化物酶(MnP)酶活比菌株SQ01单独培养时提高了约5.5倍.菌株R01的接种量、接种时间对混合培养中...     

纺织印染工业循环经济发展模式的研究

针对我国纺织印染现状、环境危害、格局以及发展趋势进行说明的基础上,分析了传统纺织印染行业的循环经济改造方式和现代企业循环经济建设的发展方向,通过建立循环经济模式的纺织印染工业园,运用循环经济理念进行园区规划,提出了纺织印染工业循环经济综合评价体系,最终建立循环经济产业共生体系。建设循环经济,走科技含量高、经济效益好、资源消耗低、环境污染少和人力资源得到充分利用的新型工业化道路,是纺织行业实现可持续发展的必由之路,是主动应对全球化市场竞争的迫切要求,是调整产业结构的有效途径,也是提高企业核心竞争力的重要措施。     

Characterisation of acute toxicity, genotoxicity and oxidative stress posed by textile effluent on zebrafish

Textile industries are important sources of toxic discharges and contribute enormously to water deterioration, while little attention has been paid to the toxicity of textile effluents in discharge regulation. Bioassays with zebrafish were employed to evaluate the toxicity of wastewater samples collected from different stages at a textile factory and sewage treatment plants (STPs). Physico-chemical parameters, acute toxicity, genotoxicity and oxidative stress biomarkers were analyzed. The wastewater samples from bleaching, rinsing and soaping of the textile factory exhibited high acute toxicity and genotoxicity. The coexisting components of dye compounds, as assistants and oxidants, seemed to cause some effect on the toxic response. After treatment employing the anoxic-oxic (A/O) process in STPs, the color and the chemical oxygen demand (COD) were reduced by 40% and 84%, respectively, falling within the criteria of the Chinese Sewage Discharge Standard. In contrast, increases in acute toxicity and genotoxicity were observed in the anaerobic tank, indicating the formation of toxic intermediates. The genotoxicity of the effluent of the STP was not significantly different from that of the influent, suggesting the wastewater treatment processes were not effective in removing the genotoxicity of the dye wastewater. Results indicated that the effluent contains pro-oxidants since the activities of glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and total anti-oxidation capacity (T-AOC) were all elevated. In addition, decreases in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-S transferase (GST) activities observed can be interpreted as a cytotoxicity sign due to an over-production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The results of the present study suggest that the STPs were not capable of reducing the toxicity of wastewater sufficiently. Further treatment is needed to remove the potential risks posed by textile effluent to ecosystems and human health, and employing a toxicity index is necessary for discharge regulation.     

Metal organic frameworks as adsorbents for dye adsorption: overview,prospects and future challenges

Considering the amount of colored waste water generated from many industries (textile, leather, paper, printing, dyestuff, and plastic) that are sent to various water bodies and the ecosystem, the search for efficient and better methods of purification still continues. With the recent research into metal organic frameworks (MOFs), there is a steady growing interest worldwide for their various applications. This article presents a review of MOFs, their application in dye adsorption and their various challenges and future prospects. It was concluded that with the current interest, research and development for various applications, there are possibilities which will bring to limelight more laboratory, industrial and environmental usage of MOFs as dye adsorbents.     

Anaerobic decolorization of an azo dye by a mixed culture

Wool dyeing wastewater contains xenobiotic compounds that can be removed by biotechnological processes. Studies on various dyes showed that anaerobic processes are suitable to alter azo dyes as a first step of the biodegradation process. These compounds are reduced by anaerobic consortia to aromatic amines and its ultimate degradation can be achieved by a further aerobic treatment.

Studies on degradation rate of an wool acid dye were performed in batch systems inoculated with anaerobic biomass. A commercial diazo dye, Acid Red 73, was added to the synthetic medium in which glucose was used as sole carbon source.

Results indicated that the Acid Red 73 was partially degraded by a mixed culture of anaerobic bacteria and a decolorization of 90% was obtained. Kinetics studies on removal of the colour showed that the decolorization rate was several times faster than the degradation rate of glucose for a range of dye concentrations between 60 mg/L and 400 mg/L. A first order kinetic model was used for dye concentrations up to 200 mg/L. For higher concentrations a model similar to the Michaelis‐Menten equation was better fitted to the experimental data.     

Removal of textile dyes from aqueous solution using PEG based aqueous biphasic system

Aqueous biphasic systems (ABSs) composed of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and salt have been examined for the removal of textile dyes from textile effluent. The partitioning of four dyes namely Cibacron Scarlet LS 2G, Rhodamine B, Brown ERN and Astacryl Red 3B was investigated. All the dyes studied were found to partition into the upper PEG rich layer. Sodium carbonate was found to be the most efficient salt for extraction of dyes. Sodium sulphate was found to be marginally less efficient. Sodium chloride did not cause partitioning at all. Partitioning occurred at all pH and was almost pH independent. The partitioning of these dyes in larger volume (100?mL) ABS was also demonstrated. Studies using dye bath effluent were also conducted. In all cases very high efficiencies consistently above 98% were obtained.