中型针织面料印染厂废水处理研究

针对中型针织面料印染厂含有机污染物浓度较高的废水,设计了一套废水处理工艺流程,并通过实例对其进行了检验。废水水质CODcr为1 200 mg/L、BOD5为400 mg/L、SS为280 mg/L、色度为400倍、处理水量1 000 m^3/d,在经过水解、生物接触氧化和沉淀等工艺处理后,出水指标稳定,并且达到了环保部门的排放要求。     

鞍山市铁矿景观格局变化的遥感调查

采用1997和2007年2个时相的卫星遥感数据,对鞍山市城区周边铁矿典型景观类型的面积及其10年来的变化进行了遥感调查和分析。结果表明,国有矿山采矿场的面积相对稳定,边界无明显变化,民营矿山采矿场面积增加明显。采矿场面积变化与开采方式有关,国有矿山采用深凹露天开采,对地表破坏较轻,民营矿山采用山坡露天开采,对地表破坏较严重。排岩场的总面积有所增加,个别矿区增加明显。复垦绿地有大幅度增加,但仍低于排岩场扩张的速度。     

化学除磷条件下蚯蚓生态滤池污泥性质的试验研究

概述了蚯蚓生态滤池的研究进展,介绍了蚯蚓生态滤池化学除磷的工艺流程和设备参数;由试验得出氯化铁（FeCl3·6H2O）是蚯蚓生态滤池化学除磷的合适药剂,并确定最经济投加量为50mg／L;在此条件下,研究了化学除磷小试滤池产生的污泥性质,包括污泥产率的变化、重金属含量、污泥的脱水性能、污泥的稳定化程度以及污泥的最终处置方法。     

河流生态用水综合评价

为完善河流生态用水综合评价,从水循环中河流生态用水角度出发,以河流水量收支平衡规律为理论基础,考虑河流本底水质,采用本底水质、排放水质和河流控制目标污染物浓度表达河流生态新污径比,并推导出污水排放允许极限值,深入探讨了河流生态用水的质与量综合评价,改进了二元循环下河流生态用水的水量水质计算方法和河流生态用水的综合评价新标准,进一步完善了河流生态用水质与量综合评价模型。用此模型对黄河2002～2005年为例进行实力分析,结果表明：①在污水一级达标排放和不调水情况下,黄河生态用水水量比例在335%～545%,在Tennant等级中为较好状态,但水质不满足要求,bo>Blim;②在污水深度处理达到95 mg/L（COD）,不调水情况下,黄河生态用水质与量满足生态环境需水要求,综合评价合格;③在污水一级达标排放和南水北调调水40亿m3情况下,黄河生态用水水量比例有较大提高,综合评价合格。这说明,黄河生态用水问题不仅是水量短缺,而且水质问题更加严重。     

Biotesting of water from Peter the Great Bay,Sea of Japan,using the microalga <Emphasis Type="Italic">Dunaliella salina</Emphasis>

Water samples from zones with different levels of anthropogenic pollution in Peter the Great Bay, the Sea of Japan, were subjected to biotesting on the microalga Dunaliella salina. A distinct inhibitory effect on microalgal cultures was revealed in tests of water from Amur Bay. Water samples from stations in the Tumannaya River mouth and off Frugelm Island (in the southwestern part of Peter the Great Bay) and from Gaidamak Bight (Vostok Bay) had little effect on D. salina growth.     

Climate changes in the past century and radial increment of pine in the Southern Ural steppe

Changes in the main climatic factors (air temperature and total precipitation) and their effect on the radial increment of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) over the period from 1933 to 2002 were studied in an insular pine forest growing in the steppe zone of the Southern Urals. Evidence for a significant increase in the amount of precipitation and air temperature in the second half of this period was obtained. Functions of response of radial increment indices to climatic parameters were analyzed. Relative contributions of air temperature and precipitation to variation in the radial increment of pine in different time intervals proved to differ in relation to climate changes during the past century.     

Reproduction of the Siberian spruce in the timberline ecotone of the Iremel’ Massif

Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of cones and seeds and the emergence and survival of seedlings in the Siberian spruce (Picea obovata Ledeb.) were studied in different parts of the timberline ecotone on the Iremel’ Massif, the Southern Urals, from 2003 to 2006. In the productive year 2003, a decrease in the number of cones (from 110000 to 3000 per hectare), the yield of seeds (from 13 × 10⁶ to 0.09 × 10⁶ per hectare), and their laboratory germination rate (from 34 to 14%) with an increase in elevation above sea level was recorded. In 2004, significant differences in the number of seedlings per hectare were revealed between the lower, middle, and upper parts of the ecotone (85 200, 19 800, and 0–400 ind., respectively). It has been shown that the greater part of seedlings (76–96%) perish during the first cold period. New generations of spruce trees are formed only after productive years. Seed production and seedling mortality in spruce apparently depend not only on air temperature and soil moistening but also on snow depth and soil temperature, which change more abruptly along the altitudinal gradient.     

基于动态因子分析法的四川省旅游业竞争力实证分析

运用STATA统计分析工具,将动态因子分析法应用到旅游业竞争力研究中,借助该方法从纵向和横向分析四川省旅游业竞争力情况,通过分析,重在了解四川省旅游业的发展变化及在全国的地位,为其今后制定有效的旅游业发展战略提供参考。结果表明：运用动态因子分析评价四川省旅游业竞争力客观可行,结果较切合实际。从横向来看,四川省旅游业竞争力在全国处于上游水平,说明综合实力较强;从纵向来看,2006～2010年四川省旅游业竞争力发生明显变化,主要是由于2008年汶川地震造成的影响。进一步提出四川省应注重从5个方面提升旅游业竞争力,即社会经济环境、旅游接待能力和市场、旅游资源、技术人才和生态环境     

Relations between Environmental Right for Citizens and the Right to Use Environmental Resources owned by Company and Enterprise

Abstract

From angles of administrative law and private law, the article analyzes relations between environmental right for citizens and the right to use environmental resources owned by company and enterprise and points out three principles to balancing two relations: A principle of equal protection, a principle that general interest is superior to special interest as well as taking an account for special interest, in specific circumstances, for example, in the circumstance that clashes between environmental and economic interests can not be avoided, policy makers can put an emphasis on more important social interest according after considering weight of each interest. Finally, the article reaches a conclusion that China should establish system of environmental right for citizens from legislative and administrative levels so that a harmonious society can be constructed with guarantee.