城市区域光热资源特征

利用昆明城内外辐射、风湿产测资料,分析了昆明地区光温的日变化规律、城内外差异等特征,获得了昆明市有丰富的可利用光热资源的结论。     

高浓度洗毛废水生物降解的研究

根据高浓度洗毛废水的水质特性,选择、驯化出高效污泥和菌株,并对生物降解该废水时的工艺、污泥量、时间三要素进行了深入的研究．结果表明,对于物化处理彻底的废水, Ｈ／ Ｏ 工艺（ 水解／ 好氧工艺） 与好氧工艺处理差异不大;７０ ％ 左右物化效果时, Ｈ／ Ｏ 工艺处理时, Ｃ Ｏ Ｄｃｒ 去除率增加;废水在处理过程中成分变化大,后段水可用筛选优势菌的方法处理．实验室流动模型运行结果为：在原水ρ（ Ｃ Ｏ Ｄｃｒ） １８５４４ ｍｇ／ Ｌ 和设定ｔ Ｈ Ｒ（ 延滞期） 下,混凝后出水ρ（ Ｃ Ｏ Ｄｃｒ） ５３２２ ｍｇ／ Ｌ,水解池出水ρ（ Ｃ Ｏ Ｄｃｒ） ４７６３ ｍｇ／ Ｌ,好氧池出水 Ｃ Ｏ Ｄｃｒ１９９ ．９ ｍｇ／ Ｌ,总 Ｃ Ｏ Ｄｃｒ去除率为９８ ．９ ％     

Impacts of farmer field schools on productivity of vegetable farming in Indonesia

This study assesses the impact of farmer field schools (FFS) on the productivity of vegetable farming in vegetable‐producing areas of East Java and Bali, Indonesia. The FFS have equipped over 3,000 vegetable farmers with integrated crop management knowledge applicable to chilies and tomatoes. The FFS are expected to enhance farmers’ capacity such that they can increase production. This study employs a difference‐in‐differences (DiD) method to overcome selection bias. A survey of 250 FFS‐graduated farmers and 250 non‐FFS farmers were purposively randomly selected from the overall community of farmers. Focus group discussion was used to support the survey. The results indicate that FFS were successful for enhancing farmers’ capability in vegetable farming. Farmers who participated in FFS have higher productivity than those who did not. Farmers also could adapt and adopt the knowledge gained from FFS as they underwent a process of learning by doing. The impacts of the increase in farmers’ capacity can be more evident if weaknesses during the FFS preparation and implementation can be overcome, to ensure more participation, flexibility to fit different conditions/needs and continuous learning.     

济钢高炉煤气净化回收与综合利用

就河南济源钢铁公司高炉煤气净化系统现状、存在的问题以及改进措施作了详细介绍,净化后的高炉煤气加以综合利用,给济钢带来了巨大的经济效益和环境效益。同时指出高炉煤气净化利用是钢铁企业节能降耗,降低生产成本的有效途径之一。     

高温烟气除尘系统改进野风阀使用的建议

分析了野风阀的降温原理及其影响因素,并对其使用提出改进建议。     

Institutional, Legal, and Economic Instruments in Ghana's Environmental Policy

The environmental situation in Ghana is characterized by desertification, land degradation, deforestation, soil erosion, and inadequate water supply in the northern regions of the country. The population as a whole is growing at a rate of 3% per annum, with even greater urban growth rates, due to rural out-migration. Large parts of the coastal zone in the south are rapidly developing to become one large suburbanized area. Water quality is particularly threatened in the urban and industrialized areas, which are mainly located in the southern part of the country. The coastal lagoons and coastal waters are moderately to heavily polluted. Erosion extends along the whole Ghanaian coast with excesses, for example, in the Keta area, where during the last century over 90% of the original buildings have been washed awayby the sea. The obvious environmental consequences of the mining sector are illustrative of the environmental threats caused by a fast growing industry and industrializing agriculture, in a country where environmental policy is only in its formative years. Desertification, food insecurity and coastal erosion all contribute to an increasing number of environmental refugees. Environmental policy in Ghana is a post-Rio phenomenon. Environmental laws, a Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology, an advisory National Committee for the Implementation of Agenda 21, and a fully mandated environmental administration have been established. This administration advocates a progressive attitude towards environmental legislation and points out the specific utility of economic and legal instruments in environmental management in this relatively fast developing country. The choice of instruments for environmental management is increasingly influenced by the specific state of African environmental and technological capacity and by a call for the recognition of the role of traditional customs in nature conservation. This African perspective on environmental management is further intensified by an unmet need for regional, transboundary cooperation in the West African subcontinent. This specific West African context calls for an elaboration of an effective capacity-building program for environmental management in the area.     

电气线路火险隐患与运行设备故障隐患在线热诊断系统

研究根据电气线路和设备表面温度场的变化,通过建立数学模型和数据库,对电气线路和设备的故障隐患者在线诊断。集红外热象测试技术,传热学,电工学和计算机技术为一体,具有非接触,在线诊断,准确给出故障位置等特点,能精确发现温度场异常点,确定隐患等级,推测隐患的发展程度。     

矿产资源可持续利用评价指标初探

本文分析了矿产资源可持续开发利用的概念及内涵、判据和方向,研究了矿产资源可持续开发利用评价指标体系组建的必要性、基本原则、总体框架和衡量参数     

乌鲁木齐市市民环境意识万人问卷调查报告

为贯彻全国和自治区第４次环保会议精神,了解和提高全市各族群众的环境意识,使环境保护基本国策深入人心,乌鲁木齐市环保局在１９９８年“六·五”世界环境日之际开展了以“关心环境保护,共建美丽首府”为主题的市民环境意识万人问卷活动。由全市７区１县及２个开发区环保局（站）协助,分别在政府机关、厂矿、学校、街头、摊点进行发放问卷活动。调查结果初步摸清了乌鲁木齐市在环境宣传教育中所取得的成效和存在的问题,为今后更好地加强环境宣传教育,普及环境科学知识,提高社会各界环境意识提供了参考信息。     

COMPARISON OF DESIGN STORM CONCEPTS USING CONTINUOUS SIMULATION WITH SHORT DURATION STORMS1

ABSTRACT: The objectives of this paper were to test the ability of various design storm distributions to simulate the actual rainfall pattern and to compare the runoff rates used in the design of stormwater management devices in the State of Florida using continuous simulation approach. The analyses were performed for four gaged stations to evaluate the applicability of design storm distributions in different parts of the State of Florida. The approach used in this study compared the peak runoff rates from design storms based on the various distributions to those that would result from actual rainfall events. A series of continuous runoff rates were developed through the use of actual fifteen-minute recorded rainfall data, Horton type infiltration decay and recovery rate, and a continuous simulation model. The runoff rates were analyzed using frequency distributions to obtain peak runoff rates associated with different return periods based on the assumption that the continuous simulation approach closely predicts the actual runoff rates from the gaged stations. The results show that the behavior of the design storm distributions varies for different watershed characteristics in different parts of the state. The study also suggests that in general the Florida Department of Transportation and the Suwanne River Water Management (FDOT/ SRWMD) distributions appeared to agree with the continuous simulation results.