培育优势菌种处理腈纶厂硫氰酸钠废水

采用两段生物氧化法处理腈纶厂的硫氰酸钠废水，Ⅰ段去除易降解的有机物，Ⅱ段培育以自养性排硫杆菌为主体的生物膜，降解硫氰酸钠。试验装置的容积负荷达１．１—２．２ｋｇＮａＳＣＮ／ｍ￣３·ｄ，比单级氧化池处理同类废水试验的容积负荷提高２—４倍。文中介绍了试验装置运转情况，两段生物膜的特性，探讨了在第Ⅱ段氧化池中硫氰酸钠生物降解的动力学模型。     

焦化废水中COD、挥发酚和硫氰化物同步高效去除

采用两级膨胀颗粒污泥床(EGSB)反应器在微氧条件下处理焦化废水,考察了该工艺对焦化废水中挥发酚、硫氰化物、氰化物和COD的去除效果。研究结果表明,在进水流量为1 L/h,总水力停留时间(HRT)为24 h的条件下,两级EGSB反应器对COD的去除效果较好。稳定运行时,在进水挥发酚为56.8~185.1 mg/L、硫氰化物为287.1~539.9 mg/L、氰化物为0.17~0.72 mg/L的条件下,系统对其平均去除率分别为99.9%、96.8%和82.6%,出水挥发酚和氰化物均能达到《污水综合排放标准(GB8978-1996)》的一级标准。进水COD浓度在1 084~1 880 mg/L之间,平均去除率为76.9%,出水平均浓度为325 mg/L。     

电镀废水中硫氰酸根离子含量的自动电位滴定

研究了用自动电位滴定测定硫氰酸根离子的条件和方法。实验结果表明,选用银电极为指示电极,217型双液接电极为参比电极,在硝酸介质中滴定硫氰酸根离子,方法具有高选择性; 应用于电镀废水分析,方法简便快捷,在4min内能打印出分析结果。     

硫氰酸根在粒状镁铝复合氧化物上的吸附性能

以镁铝水滑石(Mg/Al-LDH)为前驱物制备了粒状镁铝复合氧化物(G-Mg3.3AlO4.8),采用BET、XRD、SEM和FT-IR方法对其结构进行了表征,考察了这种新材料对硫氰酸根(SCN-)的吸附性能.G-Mg3.3AlO4.8的比表面积和平均孔径分别为269.4 m2.g-1和13.25 nm,成型造粒保留了层状结构且无新相生成.Freundlich等温式和准二级动力学方程能很好地描述SCN-在G-Mg3.3AlO4.8上的静态吸附过程,25℃初始浓度为500 mg.L-1时静态吸附量可达165.8 mg.g-1;Yoon-Nelson模型能很好地预测SCN-在G-Mg3.3AlO4.8上的穿透曲线,初始浓度100 mg.L-1、流速5 mL.min-1、床层高度10 cm和pH=6时穿透点吸附量可达50.73 mg.g-1,重复使用4次对SCN-的脱除率均保持在98%以上,是一种可重复利用的高效吸附剂.     

Determination of thiocyanate in the vacuum carbonate desulfurization wastewater

In acidic solution, thiocyanate molecules reacted with ferric ions to produce red complexes. The concentration of thiocyanate could be determined by spectrophotometer. The effects of wavelength, volume of color reagent, acidity and color time on absorbance were investigated. The interferences of co-existing ion were discussed as well. Results showed that the relation between absorbance and the concentration of thiocyanate was in accord with Beer's law when the concentration of thiocyanate was 2–20 mg/L. The linear regression equation was Absorbance = 0.0523Concentration–0.0156, with a linear correlation coefficient of 0.9997. The average recovery rates of two kinds of vacuum carbonate desulfurization wastewater were 100.95% and 99.62%, and relative standard deviations were 0.79% and 0.14% respectively. It shows that the method was quick, high precision, accurate and easy to handle.     

Removement of thiocyanate from industrial wastewater by microwave-Fenton oxidation method

The microwave radiation oxidation process, Fenton as catalytic agent, was used to remove the thiocyanate from the industrial wastewater. The effects of microwave power, radiation time, pH and the feeding in ways of catalyst on the degradation rate of synthetic wastewater were investigated using the microwave radiation oxidation process by orthogonal experiment. The results show Fenton catalyst ratio was 1:20, the microwave radiation power was 900 W, the microwave radiation time was 7 min and the value of pH was 3. Under the optimum conditions, the removal of KSCN can reach over 90%. The apparent kinetics of removal was studied, which conformed to kinetics first-class reaction. In short, for the thiocyanate from the industrial wastewater, microwave-Fenton oxidation method is feasible and effective.     

改良ADA法脱硫废液中硫氰酸钠的分离研究

以乙醇和丙酮的混合液作为溶析剂,采用溶析结晶法从改良ADA法脱硫废液中分离硫氰酸钠。考察了结晶温度、溶析剂配比(V丙酮/V乙醇)、溶析剂/脱硫废液体积比、流加速率和搅拌速率对硫氰酸钠提取率的影响,通过单因素和正交实验确定了硫氰酸钠的最佳提取条件。结果表明,当温度为35℃,流加速率为160 mL/h,溶析剂/脱硫废液体积比为3,搅拌速率为150 r/min,溶析剂配比为V丙酮/V乙醇=2时,分离效果最好,在此条件下硫氰酸钠提取率为95.37%。     

Modelling Thiocyanate Adsorption onto Surfactant-Modified Coir Pith, an Agricultural Solid ‘Waste’

Thiocyanate (SCN⁻) is used in many industrial processes and is found in industrial wastewaters. Adsorptive removal of thiocyanate by surfactant-modified coir pith, an unwanted byproduct of coir fibre industry was studied. Cationic surfactant, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide was used as modifier. Optimum pH for maximum adsorption of SCN⁻ was found to be 2.0. Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin Radushkevich (D-R) isotherms were used to model the adsorption equilibrium data and the system followed all the three isotherms and the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent was found to be 8.6 mg g⁻¹. Kinetic studies show that the adsorption obeyed second order. Desorption studies showed that upto 90% recovery of SCN⁻ from the spent adsorbent was feasible. Effect of foreign anions on the adsorption of SCN⁻ was also examined.