升流式厌氧污泥床反应器工程启动研究

论述生产性 UASB反应器 ,在中温条件下处理玉米淀粉废水的启动过程 ,讨论了运行和颗粒污泥形成过程及影响因素 ;反应器稳定运行时 ,进水 COD在 60 0 0～ 80 0 0 mg/L ,容积负荷可达 6～ 10 kg COD/( m3· d) ,出水 COD降至 2 0 0～ 45 0 mg/L。     

直筒型导叶直流式三相旋流器排气管上部内流场的实验研究

使用五孔球探针对一种用于分离锅炉净化烟气中含尘液滴的直筒型导叶直流式三相旋流器排气管上部的气相流场进行了实验测定。得到了这一区域的速度和静压分布。发现了排气管上部筒体中心存在强烈的内旋流;外层气体不断汇入内旋流,内旋流呈轴向加速运动;绝大部分气体不经过排气管外环形空间下行直接由排气管排出。主体段切向速度为Rankine组合涡。     

三维三相流化床电极处理苯胺实验研究

使用了一种新型的电化学反应器———三维三相流化床电极用于处理苯胺的实验研究。得到了气量大小、外加电压、电介质浓度、pH值、原水浓度、反应时间等因素对苯胺溶液COD去除率的影响规律 ,并对之进行了合理的解释和分析。结果表明 ,用三维三相流化床电极 ,在一定条件下 ,苯胺可基本被全部氧化。初步论证了苯胺电解过程中有中间产物的生成。     

混合垃圾在热重分析仪和流化床中的燃烧特性

针对我国目前垃圾焚烧以烧原生垃圾为主的特点,以热重分析和流化床燃烧实验台为主要研究手段,对于混合垃圾的燃烧特性展开深入研究并将二者的试验数据进行对比.实验结果表明:不同的垃圾在流化床中的燃烧速率的数值比较接近.而不同的垃圾在热重仪中的燃烧速率差别很大,针对所选的试样其燃烧速率的变化范围是0.49～5.50.另外,在热重分析中,试样完全燃烬的时间一般为20～25min,而在流化床燃烧实验台中,试样的燃烧过程发展得非常快,燃烬时间非常短,仅需3～3.5min.混合垃圾在热重分析仪中的燃烧特性可以用单组分物质的叠加来表示,而混合的垃圾在流化床中燃烧时,用简单的单组分叠加来表示不很合理.     

垂向移动式生态床与生态浮床对低污染水净化效果的比较

采用垂向移动式生态床与生态浮床两种生态处理技术对太湖入湖河流低污染水进行了处理试验.结果表明,垂向移动式生态床对COD、NH3-N、NO3-N、TN和TP的去除率分别为38.6%、59.2%、89.6%、51.5%和78.6%,生态浮床对上述物质的去除率分别为40.7%、47.9%、85.1%、54.2%和62.5%.垂向移动式生态床技术对NH3-N、NO3-N和TP的去除率高于生态浮床技术,但后者对COD和TN的去除效果略优于前者.     

A new regeneration approach to cation resins with aluminum salts: application of desalination by its mixed bed

A novel method for the regeneration of cation exchange resins by aluminum (Al) salts was investigated in order to improve the regeneration efficiency of resins and reduce the dosage of regenerant. The influences of Al³⁺ concentration and the pH of regeneration solution on resin transformation had been studied. The desalination experiments were carried out to evaluate the characteristics of the Al form resins. Experimental results showed that the regeneration rate of resins was strictly dependent on Al3+ concentration and the pH of the solution. Compared to the conventional regeneration method, the Al form mixed bed exhibited the same desalination capability as the H form mixed bed (MB), and the total organic carbon (TOC) removal was up to 90%, clearly higher than that of the H form. Al salt solution could be utilized repeatedly to regenerate Al form resins.     

厌氧生物床处理低碳氮比生活污水

以自行设计的流态化厌氧接触生物滤床反应器,考察了沸石、陶粒两种填料以及活性污泥对于C/N为5.6～12.9的低碳源城市生活污水的厌氧处理过程脱氮除磷的效果的影响,并对影响机理进行了探讨。结果表明:沸石、陶粒和污泥反应器平均COD去除率分别为63.62%、44.50%、26.04%,填料反应器氨氮去除率为40%、总磷去除率可达20%～30%,污泥反应器则为20%和小于10%。填料厌氧生物床优于污泥法,沸石填料优于陶粒填料,沸石材料显示了良好的脱氮除磷特性。     

多户化粪池联用的生活污水处理净化槽的研究

在单独净化槽的基础上针对农村现有的自来水化工程相配的化粪池,研发多户联用的多功能高效新型净化槽,调查了生物滤床对污水净化作用,测定了各区BOD5、氨氮和浊度的变化情况,讨论了各区生物滤床对出水水质的影响。结果表明:当处理能力为单独净化槽4倍情况下,各区加入滤床后出水的BOD5、氨氮和浊度分别为3 mg/L、10.5 mg/L和5NTU,水质指标均可达到国家一级排放标准,大大减少了净化槽的投资费用。     

Concept and application of anaerobic suspended granular sludge bed （SGSB） reactor for wastewater treatment

Bed expansion serves an important function in the design and operation of an upflow anaerobic reactor. An analysis of the flow pattern of expanded granular sludge bed （EGSB） reactors shows that most EGSB reactors do not behave as expanded bed reactors, as is widely perceived. Rather, these reactors behave as fluidized bed reactors based on the classic chemical reactor theory. In this paper, four bed expansion modes, divided as static bed, expanded bed, suspended bed, and fluidized bed, for bioreactors are proposed. A high-rate anaerobic suspended granular sludge bed （SGSB） reactor was then developed. The SGSB reactor is an upflow anaerobic reactor, and its expansion degree can be easily controlled within a range to maintain the suspended status of the sludge bed by controlling upfiow velocity. The results of the full-scale reactor confirmed that the use of SGSB reactors is advantageous. The full-scale SGSB reactor runs stably and achieves high COD removal efficiency （about 90%） at high loading rates （average 40 kg-COD·m^-3·d^-1, maximum to 52 kg·COD·m^-3 ·d^-1） based on the SGSB theory, and its expansion degree is between 22% and 37%.