废旧铝、铁片粉煤灰复合混凝剂的制备及在废水处理中的应用

我国粉煤灰和铝、铁片固体废物产量日益增多,危害越来越严重。在高温加热、搅拌条件下,用强酸浸渍粉煤灰和易拉罐碎片,使粉煤灰和废旧铝、铁片资源化,制得废旧铝、铁片粉煤灰复合混凝剂,并用所制得的废旧铝、铁片粉煤灰复合混凝剂处理屠宰废水。在一定条件下,经混凝试验处理后的屠宰废水pH值在7左右,COD去除率为92．0％,SS去除率为98．7％,浊度去除率为98．4％,色度去除率为96．6％。结果表明,粉煤灰和废旧铝、铁片资源化和在废水处理中的应用具有可行性。     

无锡职教园区餐厨垃圾理化性质调查分析研究

为提高餐厨垃圾厌氧消化效率,应用理化方法分别测试了无锡职教园区大中餐、小中餐、西餐、汤锅和食堂餐厨垃圾的容重、含水率、pH值、有机干物质、含油率、盐分、氮磷含量等指标,此外,应用餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵模拟试验分析其产沼气效率.通过理化性质试验获得不同类型餐厨垃圾理化指标的异同点.通过产沼气试验可知,容积负荷由1 kgVS/m3·d逐渐提升到4 kgVS/m3·d时,日产气量从2.91 L提高到9.01 L,沼气中甲烷含量在65％以上.     

Novel microbial fuel cell design to operate with different wastewaters simultaneously

A novel single cathode chamber and multiple anode chamber microbial fuel cell design(MAC-MFC)was developed by incorporating multiple anode chambers into a single unit and its performance was checked.During 60 days of operation,performance of MAC-MFC was assessed and compared with standard single anode/cathode chamber microbial fuel cell(SC-MFC).The tests showed that MAC-MFC generated stable and higher power outputs compared with SC-MFC and each anode chamber contributed efficiently.Further,MAC-MFCs were incorporated with different wastewaters in different anode chambers and their behavior in MFC performance was observed.MAC-MFC efficiently treated multiple wastewaters simultaneously at low cost and small space,which claims its candidature for future possible scale-up applications.     

Comparison study of phosphorus adsorption on different waste solids: Fly ash, red mud and ferric–alum water treatment residues

The adsorption of phosphorus(P) onto three industrial solid wastes(fly ash, red mud and ferric–alum water treatment residual(FAR)) and their modified materials was studied systematically via batch experiments. Compared with two natural adsorbents(zeolite and diatomite), three solid wastes possessed a higher adsorption capacity for P because of the higher Fe, Al and Ca contents. After modification(i.e., the fly ash and red mud modified by FeCl_3 and FARs modified by HCl), the adsorption capacity increased, especially for the modified red mud, where more Fe bonded P was observed. The P adsorption kinetics can be satisfactorily fitted using the pseudo-second-order model. The Langmuir model can describe well the P adsorption on all of the samples in our study. p H and dissolved organic matter(DOM) are two important factors for P adsorption. Under neutral conditions, the maximum adsorption amount on the modified materials was observed. With the deviation from pH 7, the adsorption amount decreased, which resulted from the change of P species in water and surface charges of the adsorbents. The DOM in water can promote P adsorption, which may be due to the promotion effects of humic-Fe(Al) complexes and the pH buffer function exceeds the depression of competitive adsorption.     

磁性生物炭的制备、表征及对磷的吸附特性

处理成本高、分离难度大是当前湖库等相对封闭水体磷治理工程中的主要问题。为此,以廉价农林废弃物花生壳为主要前驱物与Fe_3O_4纳米颗粒复合制备一种低成本、可磁分离的磁性生物炭吸附剂,研究了热解温度(400℃、500℃、600℃)、溶液pH值、阴离子(Cl~-和SO_4~(2-))共存等因素对复合材料吸附性能的影响。结果表明,复合后的磁性生物炭最大吸附量相比复合前提升了3~5倍。动力学数据拟合结果表明,拟二级动力学方程能较好地拟合吸附过程。磁性生物炭的零电荷点(均7.5)与前驱物的热解终温在试验范围内呈现明显的正相关,表明引入Fe_3O_4后可明显增加磁性生物炭表面电荷,进而有效提升吸附性能。此外,阴离子共存试验表明,磁性生物炭对磷具有较好的选择性。     

MBR在危险废物处置中心废水处理中的应用

在危险废物处置中心废水现有处理工艺的基础上,提出以"水解酸化+MBR"为核心的组合工艺,有效解决了危废中心废水处理生化单元稳定性的问题。并以某危险废物处置中心废水处理工程为例,从废水水质,处理工艺和单体构筑物设计等方面进行了分析和探讨,以期为同类项目的建设提供借鉴和参考。     

上海市电子废物处理企业的环境管理实践

电子产品和家用电器的更新换代使得废弃电子电器成为城市新的污染源,危害着城市环境和人体健康。本文介绍了电子废弃物的定义、环境危害、回收利用价值及增长趋势,重点阐述了上海市废旧家电拆解企业的现状,并针对企业具体情况提出相应的管理对策。依法加强电子废物的环境管理,对促进循环经济的发展具有重要意义。     

蓝藻与厨余垃圾混合消化产甲烷研究

对太湖蓝藻采用资源化处置方式,通过与厨余垃圾混合发酵,达到优化发酵底物、获得最佳产气效率的目的。研究结果表明:随着蓝藻厨余垃圾混合物中厨余垃圾比例的提高（1:0.5～1:2.5）,甲烷产率提高,混合比例1:2.5时甲烷量达到最大,为123.94 mL/g（TS）,比1:0.5反应组提高了44.1%;混合物中厨余垃圾比例由1:2.5增至1:3.0,产气量反而下降;反应前24 h,体系中挥发性脂肪酸含量迅速增加,至第24 h酸量开始下降,第48 h再次上升,此后酸量减少并趋于稳定;反应过程中,各组分pH值均维持在正常范围内;反应结束后,混合比例为1:2.5组辅酶F₄₂₀最大,为1.98μmol/g（VS）,反应体系中藻毒素从发酵前的273～72.6μg/L降低到检测限5μg/L以下。     

钼冶炼行业发展循环经济探析

根据目前我国钼冶炼行业的生产现状,通过对三氧化钼的焙烧、钼铁冶炼主要生产工艺、产污环节及污染治理情况进行总结分析,重点阐述二氧化硫、烟尘和铼回收利用后的经济效益,说明环保治理可成为钼冶炼行业的经济增长点,发展钼冶炼循环经济是必然的选择。     

厨余有机垃圾水解酸化动力学分析

水解酸化是厨余有机垃圾厌氧消化产甲烷的限速阶段,如何高效促进水解酸化已经成为生物质厌氧发酵亟待解决的问题。从反应动力学角度出发,利用两相厌氧消化工艺模型,通过计算分析,阐述了提高有机垃圾水解酸化速率的方法和手段。