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531.
Mohammed K. Alam O. E. Maughan M. D. Van Ert 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(5-6):683-696
Abstract Water samples taken from selected industrial drainages and receiving streams in and around Islamabad, Pakistan, during the summers of 1987 to 1990 showed disturbances in pH and low oxygen levels. Selected metals (Fe, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu, Ni, Hg) were higher in all effluents than in receiving waters. Static bioassays of the undiluted industrial effluents from three sites caused 100% mortality in carp during the first 24 hrs. Fishes also suffered 30 to 60% mortality when exposed to other undiluted industrial effluents and some mortality when industrial effluents were diluted by 50%. 相似文献
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液态锂铅合金残渣中微量氚的回收 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
氚提取的系统设计中,如何严格限制氚损失和减小其辐射风险是非常重要的问题.利用同位素交换法对模拟液态锂铅合金残渣中的微量氚进行回收.研究结果表明,同位素交换法对液态锂铅合金残渣中的氚回收是有效的;交换载带气的最佳组成为He 0.1% D2.载带气相同时,交换温度和交换次数对渣中氚的回收率有显著影响.温度越高、交换次数越多,氚回收率越高;823 K时,经过6次交换后的氚回收率接近80%.此外,依据气体与液态金属接触的动力学数学模型,推导出了锂铅合金滞留氚量释放的数学近似表达式. 相似文献
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铁路客车节水真空厕所的系统设计 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
针对国内列车厕所的污染问题,就列车节水真空厕所的现状作了深入的研究,在优化当前国外列车厕所结构体系的基础上,开发了列车节水真空厕所系统。并就系统的工作原理、总体构成、关键技术等方面作了详细分析和阐述。 相似文献
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Tony Falkland 《Natural resources forum》1999,23(3):245-260
The water resources of most small island developing states (SIDS) are often very limited and require special consideration to ensure that they are developed and managed in a sustainable manner. Many small islands, typically located in the humid tropics, have no surface water resources and rely on limited groundwater resources in the form of thin freshwater lenses. The exposed location of small islands makes them particularly vulnerable to natural disasters such as cyclones, floods and droughts. Pollution from population centres and from agricultural and other activities is an increasing problem. This article provides an overview of the water resources of small islands, and the main problems and issues related to water resources. Some suggested solutions, based on practical experiences, are offered for water resource assessment and monitoring programmes, and water resource development. Water resource policy, planning and management issues are also addressed, and suggested approaches for resolving some of the major water resource problems presented. 相似文献
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Control of odours should be considered to be a fundamental issue in order to site, design and manage sanitary landfills. With regard to construction and demolition (C&;D) debris, landfilling was the mainly adopted solution in many European Countries; in particular, gypsum drywalls can produce high concentrations of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) in landfill gas ranging from 7 ppm to 100 ppm. In some cases also dangerous concentrations until to 12,000 ppm were detected. In this paper H2S removal efficiency in a lab-scale vertical packed scrubber was investigated. Hydrogen sulphide abatement was evaluated for inlet H2S concentrations of 1000–100–10 ppm, adjusting scrubbing liquid pH in the range 9–12.5 by means of caustic soda (NaOH 2N solution). Moreover, best operating conditions for the system were defined as well as H2S abatement along the tower and liquid recirculation effectiveness in case of inlet H2S concentration of 10 ppm (typical odour concentration). Results showed that pH of 11.5 in scrubbing liquid could be considered the best value for removal of different inlet H2S concentrations, also taking into account parasitical consumption of NaOH due to CO2 absorption. Moreover, in case of continuous working of the system at H2S concentration of 10 ppm, strong removal efficiency was already obtained with a packed bed height of about 70 cm. Significant performances were ensured after 1 h of constant activity, consuming about 3 ml of soda per cubic meter of polluted air. Subsequently liquid blowdown was necessary. 相似文献
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