筒形件热收口可控内形技术研究

针对筒形件毛坯热收口工艺材料损耗大,100%修内弧的现状,首次提出用内喇叭外园柱收口坯代替原内圆柱外预制槽坯的新的收口坯料设计方案,用计算机有限元模拟了筒形件热收口的变形过程,进行了工艺优化和工艺验证试验。采用可控内形技术实现了筒形件毛坯热收口不修内弧或少修内弧的目的。     

哈尔滨市生活垃圾处理现状及未来处理途径的浅析

随着哈尔滨市的经济发展和城市化进程的加快,城市垃圾问题日益显现出来,城市垃圾处理也越来越受到重视.针对哈尔滨市的城市垃圾处理现状和特点,提出适合本市的垃圾收集方式,有效的将垃圾治理纳入可持续发展轨道,将垃圾处理转变到减量化、无害化和资源化,实现城市人与社会、环境的和谐发展.     

横向极板电收尘器收尘极板的研究

系统地研究了不同形状、尺寸的收尘极板电流密度分布及背风面涡流结构,其结果表明:板型、板宽及回风沟槽高度对电流密度分布具有很大的影响;板宽对背风面涡流结构具有明显的影响;而板型及回风沟槽高度对背风面涡流几乎没有影响.通过比较分析,选出了一种比较理想的极板形状和尺寸.     

结合优势菌处理分散式小区污水

采用分散式小区污水处理装置并结合优势菌，处理天津市某小区的生活污水，出水回用于该小区居民楼冲厕。整个装置埋于地下，不占地表面积，运行管理简单；优势菌的投加强化了厌氧处理，为后继好氧处理减轻负荷。结果表明，在原水水质CODcr为350—550，NH3-N为100—180，浊度为34—87，pH在6—9之间，出水水质在HRT=5h时，CODcr〈50mg/L，NH3-N〈10mg/L，浊度〈3，且出水无色无味，达到了《城市杂用水水质标准》（GB，118920-2002）的相关要求。     

催化柴油加氢改质研究

采用一种双功能催化剂对硫，氮，芳烃含量较高的劣质催化裂化柴油（PCC－LCO）进行加氢改质，可以大幅度地提高柴油的十六烷值，并且能够保主柴油馏分的收率大于95v%.     

粒状活性炭的电化学再生实验研究

研究了吸附苯酚的饱和粒状活性炭在电化学反应器中的再生实验，结果表明电化学再生活性炭是可行的。电流密度、电解时间、电解质浓度等因素是电化学再生过程的主要影响因素。     

铝型材碱洗废液闭路循环工艺研究

铝型材表面处理工艺中产生大量碱洗废液,其主要成分为NaOH与Al(OH)3,如不能有效回收,会造成严重环境污染与资源浪费。故针对含有“长寿碱蚀剂”的废液提出了生石灰处理工艺。此工艺简单,效果好,铝去除率最高可达97%,碱回收率可在80%左右,完全可以实现工业化生产。同时,该法原料价格低廉易得,实现闭路循环,而且其副产品CaCl2·2H2O、Al2(SO4)3·18H2O、CaSO4·2H2O等均有较高利用价值。     

局部地区印染废水集中治理探索

分析了地区性的印染废水排放情况以及水污染治理的现状,综合比较了印染废水的主要处理工艺,对地区印染废水实施集中治理进行了初步设想,并推荐了主要处理工艺和流程,对提高行业水污染治理水平、改善区域环境质量具有探索性意义.     

Short-term Model of the Production of Construction Aggregates in Taiwan Based on Artificial Neural Networks

BACKGROUND: Taiwan's geography and limited stock of sandstone have caused sandstone resources to gradually decline to the point of exhaustion after long-term excavation. Moreover, the Taiwanese government has continuously increased the amount of land area near rivers that cannot be excavated to facilitate riverbed remediation and promote conservation of water resources. Accordingly, predicting and managing the annual production of construction aggregates in future construction projects, and dealing appropriately with some thorny problems, for instance, demand that excess supply, excessive excavation, unregulated excavation, and the consequent environmental damage, will significantly affect the efficient use of natural resources in a manner that accords with the national policy of Sustainable Development (SD). METHODS:. This study establishes an empirical model for forecasting the annual production of future construction aggregates using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), based on 15 relevant socio-economic indicators, such as indicator of annual consumption of cement. A sensitivity analysis is then performed on these indicators. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: This work applies ANN to estimate the annual production of construction aggregates; the estimates, the verification of the model and the sensitivity analysis are all acceptable. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis results indicate that the annual consumption of cement is the indicator that most strongly influences the production of construction aggregates, as well as whether construction waste can be recycled and steel structures can be used in buildings, helping to reduce the future production of construction aggregates in Taiwan. CONCLUSIONS: The elaborate prediction methodology presented in this study avoids some of the weaknesses or limitations of conventional linear statistics, linear programming or system dynamics. Additionally, the results not only provide a short-term prediction of the production of construction aggregates in Taiwan, but also provide a viable and flexible means of verifying quality certification of the production data of construction aggregates in the future by incorporating those relevant socio-economic indicators. RECOMMENDATIONS AND OUTLOOK: The continuity and quality of the database of relevant indicators used in this study should be closely scrutinized in order to ensure the SD means of exploiting resources.     

The Effect of Fragment Shape and Species' Sensitivity to Habitat Edges on Animal Population Size

Abstract:  Habitat fragmentation causes extinction of local animal populations by decreasing the amount of viable "core" habitat area and increasing edge effects. It is widely accepted that larger fragments make better nature reserves because core-dwelling species have a larger amount of suitable habitat. Nevertheless, fragments in real landscapes have complex, irregular shapes. We modeled the population sizes of species that have a representative range of preferences for or aversions to habitat edges at five spatial scales (within 10, 32, 100, 320, and 1000 m of an edge) in a nation-wide analysis of forest remnants in New Zealand. We hypothesized that the irregular shapes of fragments in real landscapes should generate statistically significant correlations between population density and fragment area, purely as a "geometric" effect of varying species responses to the distribution of edge habitat. Irregularly shaped fragments consistently reduced the population size of core-dwelling species by 10–100%, depending on the scale over which species responded to habitat edges. Moreover, core populations within individual fragments were spatially discontinuous, containing multiple, disjunct populations that inhabited small spatial areas and had reduced population size. The geometric effect was highly nonlinear and depended on the range of fragment sizes sampled and the scale at which species responded to habitat edges. Fragment shape played a strong role in determining population size in fragmented landscapes; thus, habitat restoration efforts may be more effective if they focus on connecting disjunct cores rather than isolated fragments.