Review of konjac glucomannan

The paper reviews the solution and gelling properties of konjac glucomannan (KGM) and its interactions with other hydrocolloids such as xanthan and carrageenan for food applications. Research activities in the area of KGM processing in environmentally friendly aqueous environments have been discussed for coatings and packaging applications. Guest Editor: Heidi Schreuder-Gibson, U.S. Army Natick RD&E Center, Kansas Street, Natick, Massachusetts 01760-5020     

极轨气象卫星资料在四川的应用前景

本文系统地介绍了极轨气象卫星及其区域性遥感资料处理系统。分析探讨了NOAA/AVHRR资料在四川省各非气象领域应用的可能性。     

HYDROLOGICAL APPLICATIONS OF LANDSAT IMAGERY USED IN THE STUDY OF THE 1973 INDUS RIVER FLOOD,PAKISTAN1

ABSTRACT: During August and September 1973, the Indus River Valley of Pakistan experienced one of the largest floods on record, resulting in damages to homes, businesses, public works, and crops amounting to millions of rupees. Tremendous areas of lowlands were inundated along the Indus River and major tributaries. Landsat data made it possible to easily measure the extent of flooding, totaling about 20,000 km² within an area of about 400,000 km² south from the Punjab to the Arabian Sea. The Indus River data were used to continue experimentation in the development of rapid, accurate, and inexpensive optical techniques of flood mapping by satellite begun in 1973 for the Mississipi River floods. The research work on the Indus River not resulted in the development of more effective procedures for optical processing of flood data and synoptically depicting flooding, but also provided potentially valuable ancillary information concerning the hydrology of much of the Indus River Basin.     

AN APPLICATION OF NETWORK THEORY TO WATER MANAGEMENT IN POULTRY PROCESSING1

ABSTRACT This paper summarizes a study employing a systems approach for analyzing one class of modifications within a poultry processing plant. The modifications considered were changes in water-flow arrangements and process characteristics to reduce water intake of the plant and waste-treatment costs. The object of the study was to develop a technique or techniques by which a combination of proposed modifications could be chosen to minimize water flow through the plant. Existing and proposed flows were represented as a network, and linear programming was used to solve the minimum-flow problem for the network. Application of the technique was made to an existing, typical plant in Durham, N.C. Results of the application showed fresh water intake could be reduced by 45% to 51%, and furthermore that annual returns of 62% to 494% could be obtained on investment in the optimum modification sets, as fresh water costs varying from 10 cents to $1.00 per 1000 gal. Types of modifications of a poultry processing plant are classified by types, and the relative importance and effectiveness of each type are discussed.     

环境监测自动处理系统软件设计

环境监测是环境管理的基础性工作，随着环境管理工作日趋法制化、规范化和定量化，开发环境监测业务处理系统软件十分必要。本文在分析环监业务的现状和要求的基础上，结合计算机技术、OA技术，提出了一种环监业务自动化办公系统的设计思想，并分析了其功能需要。     

数字信号处理技术在环境试验研究中的应用

简要论述了数字信号处理技术在环境试验研究中的应用，并提出了在用元器件、零部件环境失效数据进行整机系统贮存环境适应性评价中，利用数字信号处理技术的实现思路。     

Best available techniques (BAT) for the fruit and vegetable processing industry

Best available techniques (BAT) are an important reference point in the environmental permit regulation for industrial installations in the European Union Member States, which have to implement the integrated pollution prevention and control (IPPC)-directive (96/61/EC). BAT correspond to the techniques and organisational measures with the best overall environmental performance that can be introduced at a reasonable cost. In the Flanders part of Belgium, BAT are usually determined at the sector level. The ‘Fruit and Vegetable Processing Industry’ [BAT for Fruit and Vegetable Processing Industry. Gent, Belgium: Academia Press, 1999] is one of the industries for which a BAT report has been drafted. In this paper, the main results of this study are presented. Special attention is given to the use of high quality water¹, as this is the key environmental issue of the industry.     

Automatic multistage classification system for plastic bottles recycling

In this work, an artificial intelligent plastic bottles classification system is proposed, developed and tested. Classifying bottles based on their chemical composition and color is attempted. Near infrared (NIR) reflectance measurements are used to identify bottle composition class. Charged coupled device (CCD) camera with the fusion of quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA) and tree classifiers are used to detect the bottle color.Results have shown that the dip wavelength and average values of the reflective NIR spectrum could be used as features to distinguish between chemical compositions. This resulted in 94.14% classification accuracy. In addition to various preprocessing techniques, the use of principal component analysis algorithm for bottle orientation facilitates the detection of the bottle color avoiding mixing it with the bottle's label or cap. Ninety-two percent color classification accuracy is achieved for clear bottles while 96% is achieved for opaque one, with proposed method. The aggregate classification accuracy of the combined system (i.e. accurate classification of color as well as chemical composition) is 83.48%.     

基于认知心理学的驾驶员信息加工模式研究

道路交通系统是一个有人参与的复杂系统,人,特别是驾驶员的行为决定了相当一部分系统的性能。而驾驶行为是一个不断往复进行的信息处理过程,对驾驶员的信息加工模式进行研究是道路交通安全与汽车安全设计的核心基础。随着认知工效研究的深入和人工智能的发展,传统的基于刺激(S)-机体(O)-反应(R)的驾驶员信息加工模式,难以满足技术发展的要求。笔者在对交通系统建模与分析的基础上,应用现代认知心理学理论,对驾驶员的信息获取和处理机制进行了研究,建立了驾驶员对某一确定认知对象的信息处理结构模型,并对模型的作用和特点进行了简单的分析。分析结果为驾驶员认知过程研究和相关系统开发设计提供了依据。