Air Pollution Effects on Annual Ring Widths of Forest Trees in Mountainous Land of Izmir (Turkey)

Annual ring widths of forest trees are affected from different ecologicalfactors (e.g. climate, soil, etc.) and also from air pollution. In the areas with intensive air pollution annual ring width reductions are observed. For this reason, some methods which detect the annual ring widths, in other words, the increase or decrease in diameter increments, are used to examine air pollution. Industrial establishments found in the northern part of Izmir city (Aliaga region) affect air quality of this area negatively. In this investigation, annual ring widths of 13 Pinus brutia Ten. (Calabrian pine) and 20 Pinus nigra Arnold. (Austrian pine) from 4 mountains (Karabelen, Manisa, Kemalpasa, and Yamanlar) with different altitudes and exposures around Izmir city were detected and the effects of air pollution on these trees were determined. Intensive effects of air pollution have started in 1985, for that reason, annual ring widths were examined through a reference period before this year and a study period (1985–1998) after this year and results are statistically evaluated. Annual ring widths of tree samples in the northern exposure were affected from air pollution, and some reductions were observed. These reductions increased when there is a long drought period.     

排污权交易及其应用探讨

排污权交易在环境管理领域里正受到越来越多的关注。文章回顾了排污权交易在国内外的发展历程，利用经济学原理，对排行权交易理论和市场优化机制进行了阐述，综合介绍了实施排污权交易的步骤与必要性等问题，同时结合我国的具体国情和污染特征，对在我国组建排污权交易市场实施排污权交易进行了可行性分析，并基于目前排污权交易在我国应用和研究的现状，提出了在今后工作中应注意的几个问题。     

高层天台移动通信天线电磁辐射影响水平探讨

监测并分析移动通信基站在高层建筑天台架设的定向天线对周围环境的电磁辐射影响水平，探讨高层建筑天台电磁辐射环境的污染防治对策。     

新疆建筑材料用原料及其建材产品的辐射水平

报道了分布在新疆雏吾尔自治区15个地州市100多个厂矿的建筑材料用原料及其建材产品的放射性检测结果。多数建材用原料及产品的放射性水平低于国家规定的限制(控制)标准，对公众是安全的；少数地区部分建材的放射性高于限制标准，不能用作建材。必须健全对建材的放射性检测和管理制度。     

西北地区生态用水的探讨

我国西北地区多处于干旱气候带，水资源匮乏，生态环境脆弱。为实施西北地区生态恢复与重建，必须合理开发和利用该区有限的水资源，科学地确定社会用水同生态用水的比例，积极保证生态用水，合理利用生态用水，注重生态用水的多重效益。结合西北干旱区实际情况，就这一地区生态用水的开发和利用做了分析阐述。     

MODELING ACID MINE DRAINAGE ON A WATERSHED SCALE FOR TMDL CALCULATIONS1

ABSTRACT: The Cheat River of West Virginia is impaired by acid mine drainage (AMD). Fifty‐five of its river segments were placed on the 303(d) list, which required calculations of total maximum daily load (TMDL) to meet the water quality criteria for pH, total iron, aluminum, manganese, and zinc. An existing watershed model was enhanced to simulate AMD as nonpoint source load. The model divided a watershed into a network of catchments and river segments. Each catchment was divided into soil layers, which could contain pyrite, calcite and other minerals. A kinetic expression was used to simulate pyrite oxidation as a function of oxygen in the soil voids. Oxygen in the soil voids was consumed by pyrite oxidation and replenished by earth breathing. The by‐products of pyrite oxidation were calculated according to its mass action equations. Chemical equilibrium was used to account for the speciation of ferrous and ferric irons and precipitation of metal hydroxides. Simulated hydrology and water quality were compared to available data. The USEPA used the calibrated model to calculate the TMDLs in the Cheat River Watershed.     

辐射化学在环境激素研究中的应用

环境激素对地球生态系统带来严重威胁.大量难降解环境激素(如多氯联苯、二噁英)危害全球脆弱的生态环境,其直接后果之一就是人类乳腺癌等恶性疾病发病率急剧上升.因此,当今世界各国均十分重视环境激素的环境生物学机理研究.辐射化学作为一门高新技术,在环境激素污染物处理、降解机理与生命科学研究等方面可发挥重要作用,例如:同步辐射可用于直接观测溶液口的雌激素受体ER真实结构,脉冲辐解、激光光解和电子自旋共振用于研究环境激素活性瞬态粒子动力学等等.     

Effects of temperature on UV-B-induced DNA damage and photorepair in Arabidopsis thaliana

DNA damage in the form of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers(CPDs) and (6-4) photopreducts(6-4PPs) induced by UV-B radiation in Arabidopsis thaliana at different temperatures was investigated using ELISA with specific monoclonal antibodies. CPDs and 6-4PPs increased during 3 h UV-B exposure, but further exposure led to decreases. Contrary to the commonly accepted view that DNA damage induced by UV-B radiation is temperature-independent because of its photochemical nature, we found UV-B-induction of CPDs and 6-4PPs in Arabidopsis to be slower at a low than at a high temperature. Photorepair of CPDs at 24℃ was much faster than that at 0℃ and 12℃,with 50% CPDs removal during 1 h exposure to white light. Photorepair of 6-4PPs at 12℃ was very slow as compared with that at 24℃,and almost no removal of 6-4PPs was detected after 4 h exposure to white light at 0℃. There was evidence to suggest that temperaturedependent DNA damage and photorepair could have important ecological implications.     

微波技术在污染控制领域的应用

对微波辐射技术在污染物治理领域的应用和研究状况进行了综述,介绍了微波加热的原理,以及微波技术在吸附剂再生、去除挥发性有机物与土壤净化、加速油水分离与污油回收、诱导催化技术应用于污染治理等方面的应用,并对微波技术在环保领域的应用前景进行了展望。     

厦门市电磁环境解析

为了掌握厦门市电磁环境状况,于2014—2015年对厦门市进行网格分区季度监测,由监测数据发现厦门市区的电磁辐射强度较低,其整体电磁环境监测值符合《电磁环境控制限值》(GB 8702—2014)标准的要求。不同区域低频磁感应强度呈现工业区商业区文教居住区旅游风景区的特点,其中商业区、文教居住区比总体平均水平(0.181μT)略低;射频电磁辐射呈现工业区商业区旅游风景区文教居住区的特点,商业区、旅游风景区的平均辐射强度比较接近,接近平均水平(0.73 V/m);运用主成分法分析电场和磁场分布的综合特征,分布表现为4个主成分;还发现了4代不同代际移动通信信号的分布规律,一代、二代手机代表通讯频段信号强度更高,强信号覆盖的范围也更大;三代手机代表通讯频段信号在中心城区、商业区和个别旅游风景区较强;四代手机代表通讯频段信号在中心城区和商业区较强。