颗粒污泥厌氧氨氧化动力学特性及微量NO2的影响

采用批试验方法,研究了颗粒污泥厌氧氨氧化动力学特性及微量NO₂的影响.用Haldane模型描述厌氧氨氧化反应动力学,得到最大氨氮反应速率6.65×10^-3 mg·(mg·h)^-1、氨氮半饱和常数87.1 mg·L^-1和抑制常数1 123 mg·L^-1,亚硝态氮半饱和常数15.39 mg·L^-1和抑制常数159.5 mg·L^-1.微量NO₂对厌氧氨氧化具有强化作用,基于Haldane模型建立了厌氧氨氧化的NO₂强化函数,估计了强化函数中的最大强化系数48.79、NO₂半饱和常数2 480 mg·m^-3、NO₂抑制常数4.22 mg·m^-3和基础速率系数0.018 2.试验中大部分的NO_x出现损失.     

微量元素对白腐真菌的生长影响和抑制酵母菌效果的研究

采用振荡培养方式研究了微量元素对白腐真菌生长以及在非灭菌环境下对液体培养基抑制酵母菌的影响,结果表明,在灭菌环境培养方式下投加含有铁元素的微量元素液体培养基培养的菌丝球大小和数量均优于不含铁但含有其它微量元素液体培养基,而不含铁的液体培养基又优于不投加任何微量元素液体培养基;如果采用灭菌环境培养后在非灭菌环境降解染料方式,则不含微量元素和含其它微量元素但不含铁的液体培养基培养的白腐真菌在非灭菌环境对染料的脱色效果与灭菌环境得到的结果基本相当,而铁浓度为3.5 mg/L液体培养基培养的白腐真菌的脱色效果不如灭菌环境得到的结果,并且镜检发现铁浓度为3.5 mg/L液体培养基中感染的酵母菌的量要多于不含铁元素液体培养基和不投加任何微量元素培养体系.微量元素铁在抑制酵母菌生长方面具有很重要的作用,同时铁元素又是白腐真菌生长所必需的,只要在不影响白腐真菌生长的前提下,合理调控培养基中的铁浓度,就有可能达到抑制酵母菌的目的.     

袁河水系溶解态痕量金属元素分布特征及来源分析

为研究袁河水系水体溶解态痕量金属元素污染来源与水质状况,分别于2018年7月和2019年1月在袁河干流和支流采集38个表层水样,检测了痕量金属元素Cr、Fe、Mn、As、Al、Cd、Ni和Tl的浓度.采用单因素方差分析分析袁河水系痕量金属元素的时空特征,基于痕量金属元素水质指数评价袁河痕量金属元素污染程度,采用相关分析...     

砷钼杂多酸─罗丹明6G荧光猝灭法测定痕量砷

探讨了在聚乙烯醇存在下，砷钼杂多酸──罗丹明６Ｇ荧光猝灭法测定痕量砷的条件，其λ_（ｅｍ）位于５６０ｎｍ，Ａｓ（Ｖ）量在２～６０ｎｇ／ｍＬ范围内与荧光猝灭值成线性关系。方法可用于环境水样中痕量砷的测定。     

强烈风化条件下玄武岩发育土壤的元素地球化学特征

海南岛地处热带,晚第三纪以来喷发的玄武岩上广泛发育铁铝土。土壤剖面的常量元素、微量元素、化学风化指标及元素迁移率的研究表明:(1)土壤Al2O3、Fe2O3、SiO2和TiO2元素富集,水溶型元素强烈淋失,高CIA值和低ba值均显示其经历强烈的化学风化作用;(2)元素含量和元素迁移率的计算结果显示,温带难迁移的Ti、Zr、Hf和Nb等元素在高温多雨的热带环境下也会发生强烈的淋失,究其原因主要受湿热环境下高有机质含量和强酸性条件影响;(3)Fe、Al、Cu和Ni等元素的迁移则反映了基岩发育土壤自下而上的风化渐进特征;(4)表层土壤K、Na和Sr元素的强烈富集则与大气沉降有关。     

Anthropogenic influences on a mediterranean Nature Reserve: modelling and forecasting

The lagoon of Biguglia (northeastern Corsica) is one of a number Nature Reserve. Anthropogenic activities are increasing over its watershed however. The present study aims to examine the state of health of the lagoon with the example of two pollutants (Cd and Cu). Water samples were collected in spring and summer 1997. The trace metal fluxes between the various compartments were measured. Transfer processes from the watershed to the lagoon were also examined. The temporal evolution of Cd and Cu content is assessed on the one hand by comparing the present data with former reference work (1992). On the other hand, a 5-box model is implemented in order to reduce the complex functioning of the lagoon to a system of differential equations. With the help of a numerical resolution method, the increase of metallic concentration levels is estimated since 1992. On the basis of 1997 data, two hypotheses are compared. The hypothesis that takes into account a growing increase of anthropogenic activities on the watershed gives, by extrapolation, results that are closer to field measurements. However, even with this hypothesis, the cadmium content in the lagoon is underestimated. This may signify that for this metal the evolution of the lagoon pollution is more important than a linear increase.