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141.
142.
Urban Geochemistry: A Multimedia and Multielement Survey of a Small Town in Northern Europe 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
The concentrations and distributions of chemical elements (Ag, Al, As, Au, Ba, Bi, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, Hg, K, La, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, S, Sb, Sc, Se, Sr, Te, Th, Ti, Tl, U, V, W and Zn) were studied in till, humus and urban soil in Jakobstad, a small town (20,000 inhabitants) in W. Finland. The analyses were performed with ICP-MS after aqua regia leaching of till (n = 37), urban topsoil (n = 32) and subsoil (n = 32), and HNO3 leaching of humus (n = 37). The till and humus samples, collected at the same sites, were divided into urban and rural samples. The urban till was not significantly enriched in metals. In contrast, a majority of the elements occurred in higher concentrations in the urban than the rural humus samples. Statistical and spatial interpretations of the humus data revealed that traffic (Pb, V and Ni), metal industry (Pb, Zn, Bi, Sb and Cr), an abandoned shooting range (Pb and Sb) and other sources contribute to higher metal levels in the urban humus. The urban soil samples were collected at parks, yards, abandoned industrial sites, roadsides, etc. The topsoil samples were enriched in most elements, also by elements not enriched in the urban humus (e.g. Cd). At several sites, the concentrations far exceeded the limit concentrations for contaminated soils in Finland. A large variety of sources were identified or indicated. 相似文献
143.
Dragana??or?evi?Email author Drubavka?Radmanovi? Aleksandra?Mihajlidi-Zeli? Mila?Ili? Petar?Pfendt Zorka?Vukmirovi? Pedrag?Poli? 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2004,2(3):147-150
We applied statistical methods to the data of a 5-year sampling period to characterize the features of trace elements in airborne particulate matter at the South Adriatic Coast. The analysis of surface soil samples was also performed. The data were processed by cluster analysis, enrichment factor determination and receptor rose statistics. It is shown that the principal element association consists of Fe, Mn and Ti originating from surface material resuspension. Hg and Se were shown to originate from more complex natural and anthropogenic processes. A strong emission source of Cd and Se was identified in the SSE direction.Selected article from the Regional Symposium on Chemistry and Environment Krusevac, Serbia, June 2003, organized by Dr. Branimir Jovancicevic. 相似文献
144.
随着营养学和现代生物技术的发展,发现日粮中微量元素在一定程度上影响动物基因的表达,这种作用可以发生在转录水平,也可以发生在转录后水平,进而影响机体的整个代谢过程.综述微量元素对基因表达调控的主要机制、存在方式,并介绍铁、硒、锌、铜、铅等元素对部分基因表达的主要影响. 相似文献
145.
Enrichment of potentially toxic elements in areas underlain by black shales and slates in Korea 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Jin-Soo Lee Hyo-Taek Chon Jong-Shin Kim Kyoung-Woong Kim Hi-Soo Moon 《Environmental geochemistry and health》1998,20(3):135-147
The Okchon black shale in Korea provides an important example of natural geological materials containing toxic elements; the Chung-Joo, Duk-Pyung, Geum-Kwan, I-Won and Chu-Bu areas are underlain by these black shales and slates of the Guryongsan Formation. This formation is part of the Okchon Group which is found in the central part of Korea. Geochemical surveys were undertaken in these five study areas in the Okchon Zone in order to examine the level of enrichment and dispersion patterns of potentially toxic elements in rocks and soils. After appropriate preparation, samples were analysed by instrumental neutron activation analysis and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry for a range of elements. Arsenic, Cu, Mo, V, U and Zn are highly enriched in the Okchon black shales and their mean concentrations are significantly higher than those in black slates. These elements are closely associated with one another from a geochemical viewpoint and may be enriched simultaneously. Mean concentrations of As, Mo and U in soils derived from black shales occurring in the Duk-Pyung and Chu-Bu areas are higher than the permissible level suggested by Kloke (1979), and the enrichment index decreases in the order of Duk- Pyung > Chu-Bu > Chung-Joo > Geum-Kwan = I-Won areas. Uranium-bearing minerals such as uraninite and brannerite have been identified in black shales from the Chung-Joo area by electron probe micro-analysis. Uraninite grains are closely associated with monazite and pyrite with a grain size ranging from 2m to 10m whereas brannerite grains occur as a euhedral form 50m in diameter. 相似文献
146.
燃煤灰渣中微量元素分布规律的研究 总被引:23,自引:2,他引:23
研究了锅炉飞灰和底灰中15种微量元素的含量和分布,探讨了煤炭燃烧后,微量元素在灰渣中的集散及其影响因素,飞灰和底灰中大多数元素高于全国土壤背景值,7种元素高于克拉克值,其余8种低于克拉克值,飞灰中多数元素的地球化学富集因子高于1,呈富集状态,而底灰中多数元素富集因子小于1,飞灰和底灰中微量元素含量与煤中微量元素含量呈线性关系,微量元素含量不仅与煤有关,还受锅炉燃烧方式等人为因素影响。 相似文献
147.
148.
模拟酸雨对土柱中稀土元素迁移的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
模拟研究酸雨对土柱中稀土元素迁移的影响.结果表明,在雨水、酸雨淋溶下,对照组红壤土柱中所含稀土元素有向下迁移的趋势,并且随淋溶液pH值的降低,稀土元素向下迁移的能力增加.外源稀土迁移量的大小顺序为;Ce>La>Nd>Pr,其顺序与各稀土元素在稀土微肥中含量大小的顺序相同.表明外源稀土的迁移性与外源稀土的总量密切相关.外源稀土在土柱中的含量随着红壤深度的增加而减少,稀土元素主要在土柱中第一、二层持留;随着淋溶液酸度的下降,稀土元素向下迁移的能力增加. 相似文献
149.
Owing to its unique nutritional and immunological characteristics, human milk is the most important food source for infants. Breast milk can, however, also be a pathway of maternal excretion of toxic elements. Selected toxic elements (As, Pb, Mn,a Hg and Cd) were determined in human breast milk and blood samples obtained from 120 subjects related to an integrated steel plant environment located in central India. Samples of breast milk and blood from subjects living outside the steel plant environment were also analyzed for comparative study. Higher levels of these toxic elements were found in blood samples as compared to breast milk samples. Plant workers showed the higher presence of these metals in their breast milk and blood samples compared to the residents of the area and the subjects living outside the industrial environment, respectively. Mn, Pb and Hg have shown a higher tendency to associate with blood and breast milk than As and Cd. The order of occurrence of these metals in blood and milk samples thus found is Mn > Pb > Hg > As > Cd. 相似文献
150.
本文提出将复合螯合剂(NaDDTC/8—Oxin)饱和吸附于活性碳上作为吸附材料.分离富集和ICP—AES同时测定水中痕量金属元素的方法。用ICP—AES研究了该吸附材料对某些痕量元素的吸附和解吸性能;考察了共存元素的影响。方法应用于湖水中Fe、Cu、Mn、Y和Sc的测定,检出限为ng/ml级,RSD为1.9%~4.4%,加入回收率81%~101%间,试样分析结果满意。 相似文献