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831.
832.
对城市生活有机垃圾处理技术现状进行分析的基础上,结合我国国情,提出一种新型的湿式动态厌氧发酵工艺。进一步论述了湿式动态厌氧发酵工艺方案选择,重点介绍该工艺的流程,各部分结构的功能。最后,总结该工艺的优点,对工艺的不足之处进行了探讨并提出相应的处理措施。 相似文献
833.
地震波数值模拟方法研究综述 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
地震波场数值模拟不仅是研究复杂地区地震资料采集、处理和解释的有效辅助手段,而且是研究地球深部精细构造的有效工具。地震波场数值模拟的主要方法包括3大类,即几何射线法、积分方程法和波动方程法。首先介绍了地震波数值模拟方法的理论基础和内容及特点,然后概括介绍了20世纪90年代以来几何射线法和各种波动方程数值模拟方法的新进展。因为波动方程数值模拟包含了丰富的波动信息,可为研究地震波的传播机理和复杂地层的解释提供更多的佐证,所以重点介绍波动方程数值模拟方法。最后,对各种数值模拟方法进行了评述,并给出了地震波传播理论和数值模拟方法发展的展望。 相似文献
834.
One Hundred Questions of Importance to the Conservation of Global Biological Diversity 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
W. J. SUTHERLAND W. M. ADAMS R. B. ARONSON R. AVELING T. M. BLACKBURN S. BROAD G. CEBALLOS I. M. CÔTÉ R. M. COWLING G. A. B. DA FONSECA E. DINERSTEIN P. J. FERRARO E. FLEISHMAN C. GASCON M. HUNTER Jr. J. HUTTON P. KAREIVA A. KURIA D. W. MACDONALD K. MACKINNON F. J. MADGWICK M. B. MASCIA J. MCNEELY E. J. MILNER‐GULLAND S. MOON C. G. MORLEY S. NELSON D. OSBORN M. PAI E. C. M. PARSONS L. S. PECK H. POSSINGHAM S. V. PRIOR A. S. PULLIN M. R. W. RANDS J. RANGANATHAN K. H. REDFORD J. P. RODRIGUEZ F. SEYMOUR J. SOBEL N. S. SODHI A. STOTT K. VANCE‐BORLAND A. R. WATKINSON 《Conservation biology》2009,23(3):557-567
Abstract: We identified 100 scientific questions that, if answered, would have the greatest impact on conservation practice and policy. Representatives from 21 international organizations, regional sections and working groups of the Society for Conservation Biology, and 12 academics, from all continents except Antarctica, compiled 2291 questions of relevance to conservation of biological diversity worldwide. The questions were gathered from 761 individuals through workshops, email requests, and discussions. Voting by email to short-list questions, followed by a 2-day workshop, was used to derive the final list of 100 questions. Most of the final questions were derived through a process of modification and combination as the workshop progressed. The questions are divided into 12 sections: ecosystem functions and services, climate change, technological change, protected areas, ecosystem management and restoration, terrestrial ecosystems, marine ecosystems, freshwater ecosystems, species management, organizational systems and processes, societal context and change, and impacts of conservation interventions. We anticipate that these questions will help identify new directions for researchers and assist funders in directing funds. 相似文献
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836.
Fish and seafood are important contributions to a healthy diet, but also contain persistent organic pollutants (POPs) like polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Discrepancies have been found between intake and accumulated levels of POPs, where fish consumers have had similar levels of POPs to the general population. Similarly fish oil consumption has been found to reduce accumulation of POPs. This study examined the accumulation of BDE47 or PCB153 in mice fed diets with different nutritional composition, using female mice with pre-weanling pups exposed through gestation and lactation. A fish-based diet was compared to a standard casein-based rodent diet. All diets had low background levels of environmental contaminants and were spiked with BDE47 or PCB153 to levels representing a realistic (∼0.004 μmol kgbw−1 d) or a high dietary exposure (∼1.3 μmol kgbw−1 d). Accumulation of BDE47 or PCB153 in offspring tissues after 18 d lactation reflected the maternal exposure levels. However, the pups of dams fed a fish-based diet had consistently lower BDE47 accumulation in liver, fat and stomach than pups from casein-fed dams. Similarly the pups of dams fed a high dose of PCB153 in a fish diet also accumulated less PCB153 than pups of the dams fed a casein diet, although not significant. In conclusion, the fish based diets seemed to reduce transfer of BDE47 and PCB153 from dams to pups. The study highlights that in-depth knowledge about nutritional impact on toxicokinetics is of great interest to vulnerable consumers. 相似文献
837.
Toscano P Gioli B Dugheri S Salvini A Matese A Bonacchi A Zaldei A Cupelli V Miglietta F 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(5):1174-1182
Observation and characterization of environmental pollution, focussing on Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), in a high-risk industrial area, are particularly important in order to provide indications on a safe level of exposure, indicate eventual priorities and advise on policy interventions. The aim of this study is to use the Solid Phase Micro Extraction (SPME) method to measure VOCs, directly coupled with atmospheric measurements taken on a small aircraft environmental platform, to evaluate and locate the presence of VOC emission sources in the Marghera industrial area. Lab analysis of collected SPME fibres and subsequent analysis of mass spectrum and chromatograms in Scan Mode allowed the detection of a wide range of VOCs. The combination of this information during the monitoring campaign allowed a model (Gaussian Plume) to be implemented that estimates the localization of emission sources on the ground. 相似文献
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839.
840.
在已开发的含油废水处理装置的基础上,对其整体结构、旋分分离部分进行改进,并筛选出性能优良的填料。将原处理装置的单向旋分器改进为双向旋分器、采用YS填料之后,对石油类浓度低于400mg/L的含油废水,经该装置处理后,石油类的去除率达到90%以上;石油类浓度低于80mg/L的含油废水,经该装置处理后,石油类的去除率达95%,石油类的浓度小于10mg/L,达到国家《污水综合排放标准》(GB8798-1996)二级标准的要求。改进后的装置对高、中、低不同浓度石油类的含油废水均有较好的处理效果。 相似文献