关于分段函数求导教学方法的探讨

本文根据教学实践经验,讨论了分段函数求导的教学过程,并提出了公式法求分段函数的导数,具有快速、准确的特点。     

METHOD TO IDENTIFY EFFECTWE RIPARIAN BUFFER WIDTHS FOR ATLANTIC SALMON HABITAT PROTECTION1

ABSTRACT: Successful restoration of declining anadromous species is dependent upon effective riparian buffer zone management. Natural resource managers, policy developers and local conservation groups require science‐based information concerning the width at which a given buffer will be effective for its stated purpose. This paper summarizes a method developed in 1999 to determine effective riparian buffer widths for Atlantic salmon habitat protection as part of the Atlantic Salmon Conservation Plan for Seven Maine Rivers. A major assumption of the method is that no two buffers are alike with respect to their effectiveness and that various buffer characteristics dictate the required width for a given level of effectiveness. The method uses a predictive model that generates suggested riparian buffer widths as a function of specific, measurable buffer characteristics (such as slope, soil characteristics, and plant community structure and density) that affect buffer function. The method utilizes a variable‐width, two‐zone approach and specifies land uses that are consistent with desired buffer function within the two zones.     

整装反应器无反应条件下的传热

研究整装反应器在反应点火之前的传热行为以及反应器参数对基体热响应的影响。建立了起燃阶段反应器的传热模型,通过数值计算,分析和讨论了固相轴向热传导性能及各种设计参数对基体热响应的影响。比较了基体采用金属体或陶瓷体时热响应的不同。结果表明,当无量纲导热系数∧＜1时,固相轴向导热性能对基体热响应无明显影响,金属体具有好的热响应性能,参数分析有助于反应器的设计和建模。     

贯彻“预防为主”的方针加强安全生产管理及职能转变的思考

为认真贯彻落实“安全第一 ,预防为主”的思想和安全生产工作方针 ,从坚持“以防为主”树立大安全思想等 6个方面进行论述 ;力求促进健全完善适应市场经济的现行安全生产管理体制 ,在宏观与微观 ,群管与专管、理论与实践的结合上 ,强化管理 ,取得实效。     

空气污染与儿童肺功能指标的相关分析

采用两步回归法研究了中国4城市空气污染与儿童肺功能指标的相关关系.结果表明,PM_2.5、PM₁₀、TSP等与FEV₁、FEV₁/FVC的调整均值、FEV₁/FVC≤80%的异常率有显著的统计相关关系.说明空气中颗粒物污染是导致儿童小气道通气功能障碍的重要因素之一.研究中未发现SO₂、NO_X污染与儿童的肺功能指标有统计上的相关性.     

水环境质量评价的普适指数公式

在适当设定水质指标的“基准”值情况下,用相对于“基准”值的指标相对值替换对数形式的指数公式中的水质指标值,采用遗传算法优化不同指标的指数公式中的参数,得到对多项指标通用的水质普适指数公式;并用折衷型激励功效函数将单项指标的指数加权为综合指数。公式的正确性已被多处水质评价检验。      

新型内构件内循环三相流化床氧传递特性的研究

以树脂作为载体,研究了新型内循环三相流化床反应器氧传递速率和氧转移效率的影响因素(载体量、气速、导流挡板及布气器设置的位置).结果表明,当载体量<10%时,三重管、五重管的溶氧性能较好;当载体量>10%时,直管、多重管的溶氧性能更好;当载体量为15%时,随着表观气速的增大,氧传递速率增大,而气速分别在0.022 m/s和0.033m/s时,直管和多重管的氧转移效率达到最大值;底部布气优于其他高度布气;导流挡板的设置增强氧的传递作用.研究结果为反应器的放大及操作条件的优化提供了科学依据.     

唐山市工业区大气污染对小学生肺功能的影响

探讨了工业区大气污染对小学生肺功能的影响。在唐山市工业区和相对清洁区选取452名小学生为研究对象,进行肺功能的测定和问卷调查。用多元回归分析建立模型后,以实测值占预计值的百分比为统计量进行分析。调查结果显示小学生肺功能指标中MVV、V25污染区低于对照区,VC、FEV、V25、V50的异常率高于对照区,且与大气中SO2的浓度有关。     

Multiphase transfer processes in waste rock piles producing acid mine drainage: 2. Applications of numerical simulation

Acid mine drainage (AMD) results from the oxidation of sulfides, mainly pyrite, present in mine wastes, either mill tailings or waste rock. This is the second of two papers describing the coupled physical processes taking place in waste rock piles undergoing AMD production. Since the oxidation of pyrite involves the consumption of oxygen and the production of heat, the oxidation process initiates coupled processes of gas transfer by diffusion and convection as well as heat transfer. These processes influence the supply of oxygen that is required to sustain the oxidation process. This second paper describes a numerical simulator used to represent the interaction of these coupled transfer processes. Numerical simulations are applied to two large sites with extensive characterization programs and widely different properties and behavior that were described in the first paper. The South Dump of the Doyon mine in Canada is permeable and has a high pyrite oxidation rate, thus making temperature-driven air convection the main oxygen supply mechanism. The Nordhalde of the Ronnenberg mining district in Germany contains lower permeability material which is less reactive, thus leading to a more balanced contribution of gaseous diffusion and convection as oxygen supply mechanisms. Overall, simulations allow a coherent representation of the conditions monitored within the waste rock piles and the confirmation of their physical properties. Conceptual simulations are also carried out to illustrate the potential effect of border membranes and layered co-mingling as mitigation methods used to control AMD production in either active or future waste rock piles.     

噪声主观反应模糊隶属函数的AHP计算方法

根据模糊数学层次分析法(AHP)的原理,构造判断矩阵,针对不同的环境功能区域,定量计算各主观烦恼度表述等级的隶属度,求出了相应环境下的模糊隶属函数,并运用于噪声主观烦恼反应阈值的计算.实例计算表明,对不同环境建立不同的烦恼隶属函数,更符合人们对噪声主观反应所作表述的实际,计算得到的烦恼概率和噪声阈值更科学可信.