Flower-, wire-, and sheet-like MnO2-deposited diatomites: Highly efficient absorbents for the removal of Cr(VI)

Flower-, wire-, and sheet-like MnO₂-deposited diatomites have been prepared using a hydrothermal method with Mn(Ac)₂, KMnO₄ and/or MnSO₄ as Mn source and diatomite as support. Physical properties of the materials were characterized by means of numerous analytical techniques, and their behaviors in the adsorption of chromium(VI) were evaluated. It is shown that the MnO₂-deposited diatomite samples with different morphologies possessed high surface areas and abundant surface hydroxyl groups (especially the wire-like MnO₂/diatomite sample). Thewire-like MnO₂/diatomite sample showed the best performance in the removal of Cr(VI), giving the maximum Cr(VI) adsorption capacity of 101 mg/g.     

浅析原油罐二次密封在线改造过程中的风险与对策

介绍了外浮顶储罐二次密封的机理,剖析了原油储罐二次密封在线改造过程中潜在的风险,并结合某企业改造案例提出了控制措施,对类似油罐二次密封在线改造具有一定的借鉴意义。     

基于 分析的余热发电对水泥熟料生产能源利用率影响评价

本文研究水泥熟料生产过程中各个生产系统的效率,并对余热发电前后每个系统的效率进行分析对比,从而得出各个系统的资源能源利用程度以及余热发电工程对每个系统能量利用率的影响,诊断水泥熟料生产过程的损失发生位置并发现系统的节能和余热回收利用的潜力,为管理者实施节能降耗的方案提供技术支持.研究表明,实施余热发电工程前,水泥熟料生产的原料制备系统、煤粉制备系统、回转窑系统的效率分别为4.5%、1.4%和33.7%;实施余热发电工程后,效率分别为7.8%、2.8%和38.1%.余热发电工程可回收回转窑系统总投入的3.7%,同时使原料制备系统、煤粉制备系统、回转窑系统的效率分别提高3.3%、1.4%和4.3%.     

土地利用变化下的生态系统服务敏感性研究——以克里雅绿洲为例

通过剖析传统的敏感性分析法,提出交叉敏感性概念,评价生态服务价值对土地利用类型转换的响应性。以克里雅绿洲为研究区域,以1991、2002 和2011 年三期遥感影像数据为基本信息源,运用交叉敏感性分析,计算生态系统服务价值对土地利用类型转换的敏感性,确定生态系统日趋敏感的土地利用变化过程,为土地管理对策提供参考依据。研究结果表明:20 a来,克里雅绿洲生态服务价值较敏感的土地利用转换类型相对稳定,主要集中在湿地和水体向荒漠和低覆盖度草地的转换;与1991 和2011 年相比,2002 年的交叉敏感性系数普遍上升,这主要是因为湿地、水体面积的减少加剧了研究区的生态脆弱性,从而表现出更大的敏感性;湿地和水体向耕地转换的交叉敏感性一直处于上升趋势,并不断接近于-1,表明生态服务价值对高强度的人为活动变得越来越敏感,从而警示地方管理部门采取必要措施制止此种转换的持续。     

气相中乙酸乙酯光解的光子效率:波长和催化剂的影响

采用4种不同波长的准分子光源(Xe Cl*、Kr Cl*、Xe Br*和Kr Br*)降解气相的乙酸乙酯.对比了外加3种负载型光催化剂(有机膜负载Ti O2、有机膜负载石墨烯和纱网负载Ti O2)条件下乙酸乙酯的去除率,考察了光源类型、辐射功率和气体初始浓度对去除率的影响.同时,测定了不同光源的辐射光谱和辐射功率,计算了不同反应条件下的光子效率.结果表明,乙酸乙酯去除率按Kr Br*Kr Cl*Xe Cl*Xe Br*依次降低,而Xe Cl*和Kr Br*光源降解乙酸乙酯气体可以得到较高的光子效率;有机膜负载Ti O2比不加催化剂时乙酸乙酯去除率和光子效率都有所提高,但提高幅度不大.气体流速和乙酸乙酯初始浓度升高,光子效率升高.采用Kr Br*准分子灯直接光解乙酸乙酯,实验条件为:辐射功率0.76 W,乙酸乙酯初始浓度946mg·m-3,气体流速600 m L·min-1,光子效率为5.63%.     

Efficiency analysis for organic agricultural producers: the role of soil-improving inputs

Greater emphasis is being placed on indicators of agri-environmental efficiency of organic production systems. Linking environmental measures with profitability measures based on net income is the only way to develop such indicators. A stochastic production frontier model that explicitly incorporates farm decisions about acquiring and managing organic soil-improving inputs is used to measure efficiency. The results confirm that on-farm self-sufficiency in soil-improving inputs is positively related to farm-level efficiency.     

固定化高效降解菌处理PTA废水的研究

研究了聚乙烯醇(PVA)加少量海藻酸钠及SiO2、CaCO3的方法固定高效菌处理PTA污水.结果表明,采用质量分数分别为PVA 10%、海藻酸钠0.3%、特种菌种10%、SiO2 3%、CaCO30.3%,用饱和硼酸溶液(pH为4.0)作为交联剂,制得的颗粒处理PTA废水时,废水COD负荷为2.91kg/m3·d时,CODcr、TOC、TA去除率均为85%以上;废水COD负荷为12.2kg/m3j·时,CODcr去除率仍为50%以上、TOC去除率为60%以上,当pTA废水pH从55降至35时,CODcr、TOC、TA去除率仍在86%以上.     

Projected impacts to the production of outdoor recreation opportunities across US state park systems due to the adoption of a domestic climate change mitigation policy

Numerous empirical and simulation-based studies have documented or estimated variable impacts to the economic growth of nation states due to the adoption of domestic climate change mitigation policies. However, few studies have been able to empirically link projected changes in economic growth to the provision of public goods and services. In this research, we couple projected changes in economic growth to US states brought about by the adoption of a domestic climate change mitigation policy with a longitudinal panel dataset detailing the production of outdoor recreation opportunities on lands managed in the public interest. Joining empirical data and simulation-based estimates allow us to better understand how the adoption of a domestic climate change mitigation policy would affect the provision of public goods in the future. We first employ a technical efficiency model and metrics to provide decision makers with evidence of specific areas where operational efficiencies within the nation's state park systems can be improved. We then augment the empirical analysis with simulation-based changes in gross state product (GSP) to estimate changes to the states’ ability to provide outdoor recreation opportunities from 2014 to 2020; the results reveal substantial variability across states. Finally, we explore two potential solutions (increasing GSP or increasing technical efficiency) for addressing the negative impacts on the states’ park systems operating budgets brought about by the adoption of a domestic climate change mitigation policy; the analyses suggest increasing technical efficiency would be the most viable solution if/when the US adopts a greenhouse gas reduction policy.     

Towards phosphorus sustainability in North America: A model for transformational change

Global food production and security rely heavily on finite reserves of newly mined phosphate for fertilizers. However, systemic inefficiencies result in the deposition in aquatic ecosystems of much of the phosphorus mined for food production causing costly eutrophication problems that damage aquatic ecosystems and human health. The Sustainable Phosphorus Alliance (SPA, formerly named North American Partnership for Phosphorus Sustainability) was created to implement sustainable phosphorus solutions through active engagement of stakeholders in both the private and public sectors. This paper describes a conceptual model of transformative change to a sustainable phosphorus system for the North American region. The model emerged from discussions at a series of formal and informal meetings held in conjunction with a ‘Future of Phosphorus’ event (National Science Foundation’s Phosphorus Sustainability Research Coordination Network) and an inaugural SPA Board meeting. Model development drew on the multi-level perspective of socio-technical transitions to develop a series of pathways to a transformed phosphorus system. The uses of the model and transition pathways are discussed in terms of their potential to form an important first step towards the development of a regional vision for improved phosphorus sustainability. The process provides an example of how research in sustainability science can contribute to action on environmental improvement.     

根据具体情况优化EPA8310中色谱分离条件

运用Agilent（安捷伦）1200系列高效液相色谱和多环芳烃专用柱ZORBAX Eclipse PAH（4.6×250mm、5μm,P.N.959990-918,S.N.USPAB01066）,对16种多环芳烃化合物混合溶液进行分析,根据具体实验条件优化EPA8310中色谱分离条件并得到了更节省时间、分离效率更好的流动相梯度变化程序。