Formation and harmfulness of high fluoride-bearing ground-water

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＩｎｓｏｍｅｓｐｅｃｉａｌｇｅｏｍｏｒｐｈｉｃ,ｇｅｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ,ｌｉｔｈｏｇｅｏｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌａｎｄｈｙｄｒｏｇｅｏｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔ,ｔｈｅｇｒｏｕｎｄｗａｔｅｒａｎｄｓｏｉｌｉｎｓｏｍｅａｒｅａｓ?..     

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, rhizobia, available soil P and nodulation of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) in Zimbabwe

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) colonization and nodulation of groundnut were examined in nine soils collected from subsistence farmers’ fields in Zimbabwe. Nodule number, shoot dry weight, shoot N and P contents, and AMF colonization were assessed after 6 weeks growth. Both nodule number and AMF colonization differed by an order of magnitude among the nine soils. Soil available P explained almost all the variability in nodule number (r² = 0.98), but had no significant effect on percent AMF colonization. By adding P to one soil, nodule numbers increased four-fold resulting in a significantly higher N content in the shoots. Similar, but smaller, effects were obtained by increasing the abundance of AMF through an inoculation with Glomus intraradices, suggesting that nodulation in this soil was limited by AMF abundance and that the fungi could, to a limited extent, substitute for P fertilizer.     

Filtration improvement of zinc sludge by using unconventional alkalization sequence

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＺｉｎｃｉｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｍｅｔａｌｓｉｎｍｏｄｅｒｎｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙａｎｄｈａｓｂｅｅｎｕｓｅｄｗｉｄｅｓｐｒｅａｄｌｙ.Ｍｏｓｔｏｆｔｈｅｚｉｎｃｍｅｔａｌｓｉｎｔｈｅｗｏｒｌｄｉｓｐｒｏｄｕｃ?..     

Treatment of manganese wastewater from titanium dioxide plant using complex phosphate

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＵｓｉｎｇｃｏｍｐｌｅｘｐｈｏｓｐｈａｔｅｔｏｔｒｅａｔｍａｎｇａｎｅｓｅｗａｓｔｅｗａｔｅｒｆｒｏｍｔｉｔａｎｉｕｍｄｉｏｘｉｄｅｐｌａｎｔｗａｓｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｅｄｉｎｔｈｉｓｐａｐｅｒ.Ｃｏｍｐａｒｉｎｇｗｉｔｈｏｔｈｅｒ?..     

扬子鳄资源数量、价值及开发利用现状

对扬子鳄资源的经济、生态及科研价值进行合理的评价；根据扬子鳄野外及人工养殖的资源数量,论述了扬子鳄资源开发利用的现状及存在的问题,并分析了扬子鳄资源开发利用的发展对策     

Application of GIS technology in chemical emergency response

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＣｏｕｎｔｌｅｓｓｉｎｃｉｄｅｎｔｓｉｎｖｏｌｖｉｎｇｈａｚａｒｄｏｕｓｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓｈａｖｅｈａｐｐｅｎｅｄａｌｌｏｖｅｒｔｈｅｗｏｒｌｄ,ａｎｄｔｈｅｙａｒｅｏｃｃｕｒｒｉｎｇｏｒｗｉｌｌｏｃｃｕｒｅｖｅｒｙｗｈｅｒｅ...     

水力空化的最佳条件研究

采用了不同几何尺寸的孔板作为水力空化发生器,研究了流量、进口压力、孔内流速、孔板的孔径与厚度之比及孔板过流总面积与管道横截面积的比值对空化数的影响,得出进口压力控制在20mH2O,孔内流速控制在14.5m/s,δ/d为1.8s,为0.06,空化效果较好.     

恩诺沙星残留对土壤微生物数量及群落功能多样性的影响

对不同浓度恩诺沙星作用于土壤后三大类微生物数量及群落功能多样性进行了研究. 结果表明,恩诺沙星残留对它们影响强弱顺序为:细菌>放线菌>真菌,其影响作用随浓度从每克土 0. 01μg至 10μg的增加而加大,药物作用活性维持期为 6~8d,但对真菌作用不明显. 相对较低浓度的恩诺沙星残留(每克土中 0. 1μg, 1μg)不影响土壤微生物群落功能多样性,而相对较高浓度的恩诺沙星残留 (每克土中 10μg)则降低了其微生物群落功能多样性.图 2表 2参 9     

Stable relatedness structure of the large-colony swarm-founding wasp Polybia paulista

In social-insect colonies, cooperation among nestmates is generally stabilized by their high genetic similarity. Thus, fitness gained through cooperation drops quickly as the number of reproductive females (queens) increases. In this respect, wasps of the tribe Epiponini have attracted special attention, because the colonies have tens, or even hundreds of queens. It has been empirically or genetically confirmed that relatedness within nestmates can be elevated by a mechanism known as cyclical monogyny, under which new queens are produced only after the number of old queens is reduced to one. Another likely factor that can increase relatedness within nestmates under polygyny is comb partitioning by queens. If queens concentrate their egg laying on one or a subset of the available combs, then workers may be able to rear closer relatives by focusing their work on the comb where they emerged. Using microsatellite markers, we tested the hypotheses of cyclical monogyny and comb partitioning by queens increasing relatedness within nestmates under polygyny in the large-colony epiponine wasp, Polybia paulista. There were no significant differences between relatedness within combs and between combs, and thus we ruled out the possibility that each queen partitions reproduction between combs. However, as cyclical monogyny predicts, a lower effective number of queens contributed to queen production than to worker production. Cyclical monogyny explained well the observed smaller effective number of queens for new queens than that for workers, but failed to explain the stable relatedness values throughout colony cycles.Communicated by L. Keller     

佛坪三官庙地区大熊猫种群数量的DNA指纹分析

应用同位素标记大熊猫基因指纹探针Ｆ２ＺＧＰ９６０６０８０１，以秦岭南坡中段佛坪国家级大熊猫自然保护区三官庙范围内采集的大熊猫粪便样品作材料，进行了ＤＮＡ指纹检测．（１）在相同或不同时间、领域采得的粪便样品，显现出相同或不同的ＤＮＡ指纹图谱，达到个体认定的目的，进一步表明了大熊猫的尽量新鲜的粪便，可以作为ＤＮＡ指纹分析材料，进行野生种群数量调查．（２）根据检测２１个粪便样品的结果，无误地认定了三官庙地区有１３只大熊猫个体．其中有３个家系．（３）大熊猫粪便样品的ＤＮＡ指纹图，通过微机识别的个体数，准确可靠，能获得大熊猫在野外的真实个体数量．