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301.
The fractal dimensions in di erent topological spaces of polyferric chloride-humic acid (PFC-HA) flocs, formed in flocculating
di erent kinds of humic acids (HA) water at di erent initial pH (9.0, 7.0, 5.0) and PFC dosages, were calculated by e ective densitymaximum
diameter, image analysis, and N2 absorption-desorption methods, respectively. The mass fractal dimensions (Df) of PFC-HA
flocs were calculated by bi-logarithm relation of e ective density with maximum diameter and Logan empirical equation. The Df value
was more than 2.0 at initial pH of 7.0, which was 11% and 13% higher than those at pH 9.0 and 5.0, respecively, indicating the most
compact flocs formed in flocculated HA water at initial pH of 7.0. The image analysis for those flocs indicates that after flocculating
the HA water at initial pH greater than 7.0 with PFC flocculant, the fractal dimensions of D2 (logA vs. logdL) and D3 (logVsphere vs.
logdL) of PFC-HA flocs decreased with the increase of PFC dosages, and PFC-HA flocs showed a gradually looser structure. At the
optimum dosage of PFC, the D2 (logA vs. logdL) values of the flocs show 14%–43% di erence with their corresponding Df, and they
even had di erent tendency with the change of initial pH values. However, the D2 values of the flocs formed at three di erent initial pH
in HA solution had a same tendency with the corresponding Df. Based on fractal Frenkel-Halsey-Hill (FHH) adsorption and desorption
equations, the pore surface fractal dimensions (Ds) for dried powders of PFC-HA flocs formed in HA water with initial pH 9.0 and 7.0
were all close to 2.9421, and the Ds values of flocs formed at initial pH 5.0 were less than 2.3746. It indicated that the pore surface
fractal dimensions of PFC-HA flocs dried powder mainly show the irregularity from the mesopore-size distribution and marcopore-size
distribution. 相似文献
302.
微生物燃料电池处理废水时的产电性能研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
设计了一个经典的双室微生物燃料电池,并考察了其在接种厌氧污泥条件下对葡萄糖模拟废水的产电性能。试验主要考察了电池系统在不同的电极材料及不同COD浓度下的产电性能及废水处理效率。结果表明,该电池在初始COD为1000mg/L,以石墨为电极的运行条件下产电性能最好,最大电流密度为4.4mA/m2。在不同的COD浓度下,该系统对废水中COD的去处率都稳定在70%。另外实验还考察了好氧污泥代替空气作为电子受体后电池系统的产电性能及废水处理效率。在该条件下,微生物燃料电池的产电性能得到了显著的提高,输出电流密度约为17.3mA/m2,同时其对废水中的COD去除率达到了82%。 相似文献
303.
A comparative analysis of spatial population structure in the northern red-backed vole (Clethrionomys rutilus Pall.) and large-toothed red-backed vole (Cl. rufocanus Sund.) has been performed in the middle taiga zone of the Middle Irtysh region (Omsk oblast). Populations of these species are represented by sets of territorial groups whose numbers and spatial distribution change from year to year depending on the ratio of these species in a biotope and their population density. There is no significant interspecific competition between cohabitant Cl. rutilus and Cl. rufocanus. In particular, this follows from the fact that the population density and distribution pattern of one species are independent of those of the other species. It has been found that the size of home ranges in Cl. rutilus inversely depends on its population density, with that in Cl. rufocanus remaining approximately the same at different population densities, and that the structure of the resident part of the population in both species changes during the season, as voles from neighboring habitats or dispersing voles settle in the study area. 相似文献
304.
305.
Degradation of bisphenol-A using ultrasonic irradiation assisted by
low-concentration hydrogen peroxide 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kejia Zhang Naiyun Gao Yang Deng Tsair Fuh Lin Yan M Lei Li Minghao Sui 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(1):31-36
This study investigated the degradation of bisphenol-A (BPA) by ultrasonic irradiation in the presence of different additives (H2O2,air bubbles and humic acid) under various operating conditions,i.e.,ultrasonic frequency,power intensity and power density.The results demonstrated that the BPA degradation followed pseudo first-order kinetics under different experimental conditions.The optimum power intensities were 0.9,1.8,and 3.0W/cm 2 at the frequencies of 400,670,and 800 kHz,respectively.At the fixed frequ... 相似文献
306.
307.
308.
309.
土壤容重改变对锌/镉超累积植物遏兰菜根系特征及吸镉的影响 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:4
为了探讨土壤容重的变化对锌/镉超累积植物遏兰菜(Thlaspi caerulescens)根系形态特征及吸收土壤中镉、锌的影响,采用土壤盆栽方法,研究了土壤结构改良剂(EB.a)对镉污染土壤(2.12 mg.kg-1)的容重和遏兰菜提取镉/锌效率的影响.EB.a用量分别为0、0.1%和2%,植物种植100 d后收获.结果表明,EB.a可有效地降低土壤容重,2%EB.a处理土壤容重从1.27g.cm-3降至1.09 g.cm-3;土壤容重的降低,促进了遏兰菜根系和地上部的生长;植物的总根长、根毛长、根冠比均显著提高(p0.05).随着植物根长的增加,遏兰菜地上部提取镉/锌总量均显著提高(p0.05).与对照相比,2%EB.a处理致使遏兰菜总根长增加了2.6倍,植物地上部镉浓度和提取总量分别提高了20%和30%,镉提取效率由15%提高至19%;但遏兰菜的地上部锌浓度和提取总量并没有显著变化.研究结果证实了改善土壤结构可以促进遏兰菜根系的生长从而提高植物对镉的提取效率. 相似文献
310.
垃圾填埋场底部高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)土工膜会因氧化降解而使防渗性能降低,对环境带来二次污染风险,因此,HDPE膜的长期稳定性是值得关注的问题,但国内相关研究甚少。HDPE膜的降解过程可分为3个阶段,主要受自身性质、温度、接触介质和衬垫结构等因素的影响。文章重点综述了国外研究HDPE膜长期稳定性的试验方法,归纳了相关的数学模型,并根据存在的问题提出了建议。室内试验一般采用老化试验,包括浸泡试验和模拟试验,二者均能加快HDPE膜的老化进程。前者一般将试样完全浸泡于研究介质中试验,试验值较为保守;后者将样品置于模拟的衬垫构造中试验,结果更接近实际。数学模型采用Arrhenius模型,精度和所需参数取决于老化试验,现阶段大部分计算结果较片面,完善试验是后续工作的重点。 相似文献