热带海洋环境下舰艇携行弹药的环境效应分析

分析了我国东海、南海和印度洋亚丁湾海域的气候环境特征,在此基础上,结合弹药在舰艇上的存放/使用位置分析,得出了环境因素对不同位置舰艇携行弹药的影响程度。鉴于环境因素对弹药的环境影响效应是综合性的,以弹药防护包装、弹体、装药、引信等分系统为对象,分别开展了环境效应分析,综述了其在热带海洋环境下的环境效应。建议加强舰艇携行弹药局部环境监测、损伤效应与机理研究,并建立数据库,为我军舰艇携行弹药环境适应性设计与验证、环境控制措施和维护保养措施制定提供数据基础,支撑我国海军不断走向深蓝。     

陕西龙卷、尘卷风时空分布和日变化规律分析

本文整理分析了陕西的7次龙卷天气,重点分析了陕西尘卷风的时空变化特点和日变化规律,并与以前的一些研究成果进行了比较.     

旋风分离器磨损与防磨措施的研究

旋风分离器作为一种重要的气固分离设备,在石油化工、高炉喷煤、燃煤发电和环境保护等许多行业得到了广泛的应用.当旋风分离器分离煤、砂、飞灰、焦粉和氧化铝基催化剂等腐蚀性颗粒时,磨损是造成非计划停机的主要原因之一.就旋风分离器的结构、工作原理、磨损产生的机理与防磨措施问题展开讨论.     

旋风除尘器的性能及改进方案

介绍了旋风除尘器内部流场和除尘机理。针对旋风除尘器除尘效率问题分析、总结了现有的改进方法，指出了存在的不足，并结合前人的改进思路提出了新的改进方案，以提高旋风除尘器的分离效率，为进一步挖掘旋风除尘器的潜在性能开辟新的思路。     

珠江三角洲地区热带气旋逐时雨量分布特征

利用广东省自动观测站、常规地面站的逐时降水量资料,对1999-2002年登陆珠江三角洲地区的热带气旋进行了动态合成等分析.结果表明,登陆前后广东的逐时雨量和热带气旋本身的逐时雨量都发生了变化;热带气旋降水具有明显的不对称性,降水量级越强,分布不对称性越明显;随着降水量级的减弱,最大出现概率圈有外移的趋势;极强和强等级时雨量的落区与热带气旋移动方向有关.     

钢在热带海洋大气中的腐蚀

研究低碳钢和中碳钢在新加坡陆地与海上浮筏的大气腐蚀，浮筏上低碳钢的腐蚀比在陆地上快，含碳量高的钢腐蚀慢，此文试图将温度，湿度，润湿时间，降雨量，太阳辐射与干喷砂低碳钢在陆地试验点的腐蚀率联系起来，提出了冬季暴露几个月的样品失重的腐蚀深度表达式0．1078＋0．000596xum，扫描电镜检查显示在陆地曝露的样品氧化膜呈斑状，而浮筏上的样品有连续的氧化膜且氧化膜上裂纹也是连续的，能谱分析表明，浮筏上样品的氧化膜含有大量的氯化物和原子吸附，研究认为氧化膜是由FeOOH构成的，在陆地暴露2年的试样腐蚀率为0．016mm/year，浮筏上海洋大气曝露0．6年的腐蚀率为0．659mm/year。     

热带森林火灾产生的特点分析

在分析我国热带气候特征，植物种类，植物燃料特性和对几种典型热带林木枝，叶进行热解实验的基础,计算了南粤地区热带森林火险区划等级和林火蔓延速度，并讨论了热带森林火灾产生的特点。     

旋风炉附烧处理后解毒铬渣的安定性研究

着重阐明了铬渣经肇风炉附烧及炉餐水淬处理后生成的玻璃体粒化解毒渣的安定性问题，通过对解毒渣的物相结构，浸溶性和高温稳定性等试验分析，最终判明解毒渣在≤５００℃条件下没有玻璃化倾向，在自然环境中储放和用作建材，都是安定和安全的。     

Edge-Related Variation in Medicinal and Other "Useful" Wild Plants of Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda

Abstract:  Harvesting of wild plants for nontimber uses is widespread in the tropics, but its impact is usually quantified only for one or a few species at a time. Thus, forest managers are never clear about how well their efforts are protecting such plants. We quantified abundance and edge-related variation in 91 species of useful wild plants commonly harvested by communities around Bwindi Impenetrable National Park (BINP), Uganda, to evaluate the effect of their harvest. Forty percent of these species were harvested exclusively for medicines, 22% for weaving, and 24% for other uses. Fourteen percent were harvested for combinations of uses. Plants were surveyed around the entire periphery of the park transects that extended out 1 km into the forest interior from the edge. Analyses of edge and interior distribution were controlled for effects of topography. Individually, nine (10%) species were very rare, occurring in <0.5% of the plots searched. Of the remaining 82 species, most (50%) decreased significantly away from the park boundary, whereas 4.9% increased and 45.1% showed no pronounced edge-related distributions. Rarer species were no more likely to be less abundant near the edge than commoner species. These results suggest that most plants used for nontimber purposes in BINP are not currently being harvested unsustainably. In this respect many of the species of useful wild plants we examined resembled animals commonly hunted in tropical forests for bushmeat because they increased in abundance in disturbed habitat. Conservation action should initially aim to understand what influences distributions of very rare species. Edge-based assessments of distributions may be valuable for revealing harvest impact on species of useful wild plants commonly harvested by people living around forest islands in the tropics.     

Wood Density as a Conservation Tool: Quantification of Disturbance and Identification of Conservation‐Priority Areas in Tropical Forests

Abstract: Inventories of tree species are often conducted to guide conservation efforts in tropical forests. Such surveys are time consuming, demanding of expertise, and expensive to perform and interpret. Approaches to make survey efforts simpler or more effective would be valuable. In particular, it would be good to be able to easily identify areas of old‐growth forest. The average density of the wood of a tree species is closely linked to its successional status. We used tree inventory data from eastern Borneo to determine whether wood density can be used to quantify forest disturbance and conservation importance. The average density of wood in a plot was significantly and negatively related to disturbance levels, with plots with higher wood densities occurring almost exclusively in old‐growth forests. Average wood density was unimodally related to the diversity of tree species, indicating that the average wood density in a plot might be a better indicator of old‐growth forest than species diversity. In addition, Borneo endemics had significantly heavier wood than species that are common throughout the Malesian region, and they were more common in plots with higher average wood density. We concluded that wood density at the plot level could be a powerful tool for identifying areas of conservation priority in the tropical rain forests of Southeast Asia.